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Numerical treatment of seismic accelerograms and of inelastic seismic structural responses using harmonic wavelets
The harmonic wavelet transform is employed to analyze various kinds of nonstationary signals common in aseismic design. The effectiveness of the harmonic wavelets for capturing the temporal evolution of the frequency content of strong ground motions is demonstrated. In this regard, a detailed study of important earthquake accelerograms is undertaken and smooth joint time-frequency spectra are provided for two near-field and two far-field records; inherent in this analysis is the concept of the mean instantaneous frequency. Furthermore, as a paradigm of usefulness for aseismic structural purposes, a similar analysis is conducted for the response of a 20-story steel frame benchmark building considering one of the four accelerograms scaled by appropriate factors as the excitation to simulate undamaged and severely damaged conditions for the structure. The resulting joint time-frequency representation of the response time histories captures the influence of nonlinearity on the variation of the effective natural frequencies of a structural system during the evolution of a seismic event. In this context, the potential of the harmonic wavelet transform as a detection tool for global structural damage is explored in conjunction with the concept of monitoring the mean instantaneous frequency of records of critical structural responses
Hexagonal convection patterns in atomistically simulated fluids
Molecular dynamics simulation has been used to model pattern formation in
three-dimensional Rayleigh--Benard convection at the discrete-particle level.
Two examples are considered, one in which an almost perfect array of
hexagonally-shaped convection rolls appears, the other a much narrower system
that forms a set of linear rolls; both pattern types are familiar from
experiment. The nature of the flow within the convection cells and quantitative
aspects of the development of the hexagonal planform based on automated polygon
subdivision are analyzed. Despite the microscopic scale of the system,
relatively large simulations with several million particles and integration
timesteps are involved.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures (color figures have low resolution, high
resolution figures available on author's website) Minor changes to text. To
appear in PRE (Rapid Comm
A connection between the Camassa-Holm equations and turbulent flows in channels and pipes
In this paper we discuss recent progress in using the Camassa-Holm equations
to model turbulent flows. The Camassa-Holm equations, given their special
geometric and physical properties, appear particularly well suited for studying
turbulent flows. We identify the steady solution of the Camassa-Holm equation
with the mean flow of the Reynolds equation and compare the results with
empirical data for turbulent flows in channels and pipes. The data suggests
that the constant version of the Camassa-Holm equations, derived under
the assumptions that the fluctuation statistics are isotropic and homogeneous,
holds to order distance from the boundaries. Near a boundary, these
assumptions are no longer valid and the length scale is seen to depend
on the distance to the nearest wall. Thus, a turbulent flow is divided into two
regions: the constant region away from boundaries, and the near wall
region. In the near wall region, Reynolds number scaling conditions imply that
decreases as Reynolds number increases. Away from boundaries, these
scaling conditions imply is independent of Reynolds number. Given the
agreement with empirical and numerical data, our current work indicates that
the Camassa-Holm equations provide a promising theoretical framework from which
to understand some turbulent flows.Comment: tex file, 29 pages, 4 figures, Physics of Fluids (in press
Penetrating Ionizing Radiation Levels Observed in the Lower Arkansas and White River Valleys of Arkansas
Environmental levels of penetrating ionizing radiation were measured in the lower Arkansas and White River valleys of Arkansas. Measurements of environmental gamma and cosmic rays were made using a portable high pressure ionization chamber. The surveyed area encompassed a large coal-fired industrial plant. Observed exposure rates ranged from 5.9 microRoentgens per hour (μR/h) to 13.4 μR/h. The average exposure rate for the region was 8.8 μR/h. This value corresponds to 77 millirem (mrem) or 0.77 milliSieverts (mSv) per year. In comparison, a prior state-wide survey reported an average dose equivalent rate of 78.2 mrem (0.782 mSv) per year in Arkansas
A synthesis of sand seas throughout the world
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
Abelian Duality
We show that on three-dimensional Riemannian manifolds without boundaries and
with trivial first real de Rham cohomology group (and in no other dimensions)
scalar field theory and Maxwell theory are equivalent: the ratio of the
partition functions is given by the Ray-Singer torsion of the manifold. On the
level of interaction with external currents, the equivalence persists provided
there is a fixed relation between the charges and the currents.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, no figures, a reference added, submitted to Phys.
Rev.
Coal-rock interface detector
A coal-rock interface detector is presented which employs a radioactive source and radiation sensor. The source and sensor are separately and independently suspended and positioned against a mine surface of hydraulic pistons, which are biased from an air cushioned source of pressurized hydraulic fluid
Testing Helioseismic-Holography Inversions for Supergranular Flows Using Synthetic Data
Supergranulation is one of the most visible length scales of solar convection
and has been studied extensively by local helioseismology. We use synthetic
data computed with the Seismic Propagation through Active Regions and
Convection (SPARC) code to test regularized-least squares (RLS) inversions of
helioseismic holography measurements for a supergranulation-like flow. The code
simulates the acoustic wavefield by solving the linearized three-dimensional
Euler equations in Cartesian geometry. We model a single supergranulation cell
with a simple, axisymmetric, mass-conserving flow.
The use of simulated data provides an opportunity for direct evaluation of
the accuracy of measurement and inversion techniques. The RLS technique applied
to helioseismic-holography measurements is generally successful in reproducing
the structure of the horizontal flow field of the model supergranule cell. The
errors are significant in horizontal-flow inversions near the top and bottom of
the computational domain as well as in vertical-flow inversions throughout the
domain. We show that the errors in the vertical velocity are due largely to
cross talk from the horizontal velocity.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figues, accepted for publication in Solar Physic
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