6 research outputs found

    The relationship between Church and State in the French legal system

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    Π£ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ЀранцускС ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈ вишС ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° који су Ρ€Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ полоТај Ρ†Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ вСрских Π·Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° (вСрска ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΡƒ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ· 1905. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· 1901. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ који сС односи Π½Π° ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ°, која вСрскС ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ Π΄Π° Π²Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· 1907. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° која Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ˜Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Π΅Π²Π΅, Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»ΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²ΠΈ Ρƒ области ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅; посСбни Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π·Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ°). Π˜Π·ΡƒΠ·Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΠ° Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ™Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°: β€œΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡΠΊΠΈ рСТим” који сС ΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°ΠΎ Ρƒ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ° Алзас ΠΈ МозСл, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ прСкоморских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π¦ΠΈΡ™ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ докторскС Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΈ објашњСњС ΠΊΡ™ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Π° β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ стриктнС ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅. Основа ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° јС идСја Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ њСн особСн француски ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ laΓ―citΓ© Γ  la franΓ§aise. Ова ΡΡƒΡˆΡ‚ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° карактСристика β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ јС повСзаности Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Π° односа Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ са процСсом Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅. Вај процСс Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ јС ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° којС Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡšΡƒ са Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ француском Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Ρ Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΎ јС прСсудан ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ˜ Π½Π° доношСњС Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΡƒ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ· 1905. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ који јС ΠΈ данас Π½Π° снази. Π£ Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈ сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡšΡƒΡ˜Π΅ слоТСни ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ поступак. Нормативни ΠΈ догматски ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ карактСристикС ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ структурС француског Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π° освСтљава ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ околности којС су ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Π»Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°. Π£ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΡƒΡ‚Π²Ρ€Ρ’ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ објашњава сличности ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’Ρƒ β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ стриктнС ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅, са јСднС странС, ΠΈ систСмa Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π΅ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ систСма ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅, са Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅ странС. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡˆΡ‚Ρƒ Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ˜Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ су Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ односа Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ Ρƒ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ сС најваТнији Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈ који су ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ спСцифичног појма laΓ―citΓ© ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ основнС карактСристикС процСса Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅.In the French legal system there are several forms of the associations that are relevant for the legal status of churches and religious communities (religious associations under the Law on the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905; ordinary associations under the Law which treats the agreement of associations of 1901 which may perform religious ceremonies under the Law of 1907, ordinary associations which have no religion aims but are engaged in the Church in the field of education and culture; special regime of diocese). The exception of the principle of separation of church and state is represented by two legal systems: β€œ the Concordat regime” which is maintained in the departments of Alsace and Moselle, and the legal system of the overseas territories. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is the research and explanation of the crucial moments in the historical evolution of the juridical framework of the β€œFrench model” of strict separation of state and church. The basis of this model is the idea of laicity and its specific French expression-concept laΓ―citΓ© Γ  la franΓ§aise. This essential feature of the β€œFrench model” is the result of the connection between the evolution of the juridical framework of the relationship between state and church, with the process of laicisation. This process is the product of strong social changes starting with the Great French Revolution. The process of laicisation had a decisive influence on passing the Law on the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905, which is still in force nowadays. The methodological approach applied in the thesis is complex. Π’he use of normative and dogmatic methods reveal the characteristics of the juridical system of the religious structure in French society. Juridical history clears up the historical circumstances which had an effect on the creation of this juridical system. Comparative juridical tradition establishes and explains similarities and differences between the β€œFrench model” of the strict separation of state and church, on the one hand, and the system of established church and the system of the cooperative separation of church and state, on the other hand. In accordance with the ecclesiastical law those models are the basic models in the relationships between church and state in Europe

    The relationship between Church and State in the French legal system

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    Π£ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ЀранцускС ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈ вишС ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° који су Ρ€Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ полоТај Ρ†Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ вСрских Π·Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° (вСрска ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΡƒ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ· 1905. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· 1901. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ који сС односи Π½Π° ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ°, која вСрскС ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ Π΄Π° Π²Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· 1907. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° која Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ˜Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Π΅Π²Π΅, Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»ΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²ΠΈ Ρƒ области ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅; посСбни Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π·Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ°). Π˜Π·ΡƒΠ·Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΠ° Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ™Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°: β€œΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡΠΊΠΈ рСТим” који сС ΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°ΠΎ Ρƒ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ° Алзас ΠΈ МозСл, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ прСкоморских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π¦ΠΈΡ™ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ докторскС Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΈ објашњСњС ΠΊΡ™ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Π° β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ стриктнС ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅. Основа ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° јС идСја Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ њСн особСн француски ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ laΓ―citΓ© Γ  la franΓ§aise. Ова ΡΡƒΡˆΡ‚ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° карактСристика β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ јС повСзаности Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Π° односа Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ са процСсом Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅. Вај процСс Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ јС ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° којС Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡšΡƒ са Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ француском Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Ρ Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΎ јС прСсудан ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ˜ Π½Π° доношСњС Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΡƒ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ· 1905. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ који јС ΠΈ данас Π½Π° снази. Π£ Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈ сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡšΡƒΡ˜Π΅ слоТСни ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ поступак. Нормативни ΠΈ догматски ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ карактСристикС ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ структурС француског Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π° освСтљава ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ околности којС су ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Π»Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°. Π£ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΡƒΡ‚Π²Ρ€Ρ’ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ објашњава сличности ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’Ρƒ β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ стриктнС ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅, са јСднС странС, ΠΈ систСмa Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π΅ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ систСма ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅, са Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅ странС. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡˆΡ‚Ρƒ Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ˜Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ су Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ односа Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ Ρƒ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ сС најваТнији Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈ који су ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ спСцифичног појма laΓ―citΓ© ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ основнС карактСристикС процСса Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅.In the French legal system there are several forms of the associations that are relevant for the legal status of churches and religious communities (religious associations under the Law on the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905; ordinary associations under the Law which treats the agreement of associations of 1901 which may perform religious ceremonies under the Law of 1907, ordinary associations which have no religion aims but are engaged in the Church in the field of education and culture; special regime of diocese). The exception of the principle of separation of church and state is represented by two legal systems: β€œ the Concordat regime” which is maintained in the departments of Alsace and Moselle, and the legal system of the overseas territories. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is the research and explanation of the crucial moments in the historical evolution of the juridical framework of the β€œFrench model” of strict separation of state and church. The basis of this model is the idea of laicity and its specific French expression-concept laΓ―citΓ© Γ  la franΓ§aise. This essential feature of the β€œFrench model” is the result of the connection between the evolution of the juridical framework of the relationship between state and church, with the process of laicisation. This process is the product of strong social changes starting with the Great French Revolution. The process of laicisation had a decisive influence on passing the Law on the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905, which is still in force nowadays. The methodological approach applied in the thesis is complex. Π’he use of normative and dogmatic methods reveal the characteristics of the juridical system of the religious structure in French society. Juridical history clears up the historical circumstances which had an effect on the creation of this juridical system. Comparative juridical tradition establishes and explains similarities and differences between the β€œFrench model” of the strict separation of state and church, on the one hand, and the system of established church and the system of the cooperative separation of church and state, on the other hand. In accordance with the ecclesiastical law those models are the basic models in the relationships between church and state in Europe

    The relationship between Church and State in the French legal system

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    Π£ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ЀранцускС ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈ вишС ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° који су Ρ€Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ полоТај Ρ†Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ вСрских Π·Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° (вСрска ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΡƒ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ· 1905. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· 1901. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ који сС односи Π½Π° ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ°, која вСрскС ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ Π΄Π° Π²Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· 1907. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ° која Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ˜Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Π΅Π²Π΅, Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»ΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²ΠΈ Ρƒ области ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅; посСбни Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π·Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ΡšΠ°). Π˜Π·ΡƒΠ·Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΠ° Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ™Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°: β€œΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡΠΊΠΈ рСТим” који сС ΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°ΠΎ Ρƒ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ° Алзас ΠΈ МозСл, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ прСкоморских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π¦ΠΈΡ™ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ докторскС Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΈ објашњСњС ΠΊΡ™ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Π° β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ стриктнС ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅. Основа ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° јС идСја Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ њСн особСн француски ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ laΓ―citΓ© Γ  la franΓ§aise. Ова ΡΡƒΡˆΡ‚ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° карактСристика β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ јС повСзаности Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ€Π° односа Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ са процСсом Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅. Вај процСс Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ јС ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° којС Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡšΡƒ са Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ француском Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Ρ Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΎ јС прСсудан ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ˜ Π½Π° доношСњС Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π²Π°Ρ˜Π°ΡšΡƒ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ· 1905. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ који јС ΠΈ данас Π½Π° снази. Π£ Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈ сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡšΡƒΡ˜Π΅ слоТСни ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ поступак. Нормативни ΠΈ догматски ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ карактСристикС ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ структурС француског Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜Π° освСтљава ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ околности којС су ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Π»Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°. Π£ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΡƒΡ‚Π²Ρ€Ρ’ΡƒΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ објашњава сличности ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’Ρƒ β€žΡ„Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°β€œ стриктнС ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅, са јСднС странС, ΠΈ систСмa Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π΅ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ систСма ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅, са Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅ странС. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡˆΡ‚Ρƒ Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ˜Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ су Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ односа Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Π¦Ρ€ΠΊΠ²Π΅ Ρƒ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ сС најваТнији Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈ који су ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ спСцифичног појма laΓ―citΓ© ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ основнС карактСристикС процСса Π»Π°ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅.In the French legal system there are several forms of the associations that are relevant for the legal status of churches and religious communities (religious associations under the Law on the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905; ordinary associations under the Law which treats the agreement of associations of 1901 which may perform religious ceremonies under the Law of 1907, ordinary associations which have no religion aims but are engaged in the Church in the field of education and culture; special regime of diocese). The exception of the principle of separation of church and state is represented by two legal systems: β€œ the Concordat regime” which is maintained in the departments of Alsace and Moselle, and the legal system of the overseas territories. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is the research and explanation of the crucial moments in the historical evolution of the juridical framework of the β€œFrench model” of strict separation of state and church. The basis of this model is the idea of laicity and its specific French expression-concept laΓ―citΓ© Γ  la franΓ§aise. This essential feature of the β€œFrench model” is the result of the connection between the evolution of the juridical framework of the relationship between state and church, with the process of laicisation. This process is the product of strong social changes starting with the Great French Revolution. The process of laicisation had a decisive influence on passing the Law on the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905, which is still in force nowadays. The methodological approach applied in the thesis is complex. Π’he use of normative and dogmatic methods reveal the characteristics of the juridical system of the religious structure in French society. Juridical history clears up the historical circumstances which had an effect on the creation of this juridical system. Comparative juridical tradition establishes and explains similarities and differences between the β€œFrench model” of the strict separation of state and church, on the one hand, and the system of established church and the system of the cooperative separation of church and state, on the other hand. In accordance with the ecclesiastical law those models are the basic models in the relationships between church and state in Europe
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