5,291 research outputs found
Construction of environmental knowledge: experiences from India
This paper explored key issues in how knowledge of the environment is constructed in the Third World. Drawing on which, it showed that there are both explicit and implicit ways in which this knowledge is contested. Particularly, it discussed how implicit forms of contestation are problematic in Third World economies because they are exclusionary and also where such issues become ‘headlines’ only after environmental damage and accompanying social injustices have resulted. It concludes by raising crucial questions for environmental research in the Third World where there is limited role of governments and communities in protecting their environment
Branched Polymers on the Given-Mandelbrot family of fractals
We study the average number A_n per site of the number of different
configurations of a branched polymer of n bonds on the Given-Mandelbrot family
of fractals using exact real-space renormalization. Different members of the
family are characterized by an integer parameter b, b > 1. The fractal
dimension varies from to 2 as b is varied from 2 to infinity. We
find that for all b > 2, A_n varies as , where
and are some constants, and . We determine the
exponent , and the size exponent (average diameter of polymer
varies as ), exactly for all b > 2. This generalizes the earlier results
of Knezevic and Vannimenus for b = 3 [Phys. Rev {\bf B 35} (1987) 4988].Comment: 24 pages, 8 figure
Radiative capture of polarized neutrons by polarized protons
A model-independent irreducible tensor approach to p(n,gamma)d is presented
and an explicit form for the spin-structure of the matrix for the reaction is
obtained in terms of the Pauli spin-matrices for the neutron and the proton.
Expressing the multipole amplitudes in terms of the triplet --> triplet and
singlet --> triplet transitions, we point out how the initial singlet and
triplet contributions to the differential cross section can be determined
empirically.Comment: Revised version; typeset using RevTeX4; 6 pages, no figure
Generating entanglement between quantum dots with different resonant frequencies based on Dipole Induced Transparency
We describe a method for generating entanglement between two spatially
separated dipoles coupled to optical micro-cavities.
The protocol works even when the dipoles have different resonant frequencies
and radiative lifetimes.
This method is particularly important for solid-state emitters, such as
quantum dots, which suffer from large inhomogeneous broadening. We show that
high fidelities can be obtained over a large dipole detuning range without
significant loss of efficiency. We analyze the impact of higher order photon
number states and cavity resonance mismatch on the performance of the protocol
Crossover from hydrodynamic to acoustic drag on quartz tuning forks in normal and superfluid 4He
We present measurements of the drag forces on quartz tuning forks oscillating at low velocities in normal and superfluid 4He. We have investigated the dissipative drag over a wide range of frequencies, from 6.5 to 600 kHz, by using arrays of forks with varying prong lengths and by exciting the forks in their fundamental and first overtone modes. At low frequencies the behavior is dominated by laminar hydrodynamic drag, governed by the fluid viscosity. At higher frequencies acoustic drag is dominant and is described well by a three-dimensional model of sound emission
Transition from confined to bulk dynamics in symmetric star-linear polymer mixtures
We report on the linear viscoelastic properties of mixtures comprising
multiarm star (as model soft colloids) and long linear chain homopolymers in a
good solvent. In contrast to earlier works, we investigated symmetric mixtures
(with a size ratio of 1) and showed that the polymeric and colloidal responses
can be decoupled. The adopted experimental protocol involved probing the linear
chain dynamics in different star environments. To this end, we studied mixtures
with different star mass fraction, which was kept constant while linear chains
were added and their entanglement plateau modulus () and terminal
relaxation time () were measured as functions of their concentration.
Two distinct scaling regimes were observed for both and : at low
linear polymer concentrations, a weak concentration dependence was observed,
that became even weaker as the fraction of stars in the mixtures increased into
the star glassy regime. On the other hand, at higher linear polymer
concentrations, the classical entangled polymer scaling was recovered. Simple
scaling arguments show that the threshold crossover concentration between the
two regimes corresponds to the maximum osmotic star compression and signals the
transition from confined to bulk dynamics. These results provide the needed
ingredients to complete the state diagram of soft colloid-polymer mixtures and
investigate their dynamics at large polymer-colloid size ratios. They also
offer an alternative way to explore aspects of the colloidal glass transition
and the polymer dynamics in confinement. Finally, they provide a new avenue to
tailor the rheology of soft composites.Comment: 9 Figure
Simulation study on acousto-optics sensing of focused ultrasound
Abstract. The acousto-optics (AO) technique can provide a good contrast with high penetration depth (up to 5 cm) and can be potentially utilized in real time monitoring of the focused ultrasound (FUS) therapies. This work presents the AO simulation study on the interaction of light and FUS in the single-layer brain (SLB) medium and four-layer brain (FLB) medium. FUS pressure distribution at 0.5 MHz and 0.9 MHz frequency was simulated on k-Wave toolbox and the AO Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm was developed on MATLAB to simulate the AO effect in both mediums. The result for the SLB for both ultrasound (US) frequencies suggests that the modulation depth (MD) is high in the region of US focus with a magnitude of 2%-3% and <1% at 0.5 MHz and 0.9 MHz, respectively. Moreover, the MD decreases to 5 orders of magnitude at the source region. In the FLB, the MD decreased to 4–4.5 orders at the source and was present in the skull and US focus region with a magnitude of <1% at both US frequencies. These results suggest that AO can be utilized in sensing FUS effects on brain tissue and the AO signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) depends not only on the MD but also on the level of light intensity interacting with the US pressure
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