1,139 research outputs found
Unique factorization in perturbative QFT
We discuss factorization of the Dyson--Schwinger equations using the Lie- and
Hopf algebra of graphs. The structure of those equations allows to introduce a
commutative associative product on 1PI graphs. In scalar field theories, this
product vanishes if and only if one of the factors vanishes. Gauge theories are
more subtle: integrality relates to gauge symmetries.Comment: 5pages, Talk given at "RadCor 2002 - Loops and Legs 2002", Kloster
Banz, Germany, Sep 8-13, 200
Gravity coupled with matter and foundation of non-commutative geometry
We first exhibit in the commutative case the simple algebraic relations
between the algebra of functions on a manifold and its infinitesimal length
element . Its unitary representations correspond to Riemannian metrics and
Spin structure while is the Dirac propagator ds = \ts \!\!---\!\! \ts =
D^{-1} where is the Dirac operator. We extend these simple relations to
the non commutative case using Tomita's involution . We then write a
spectral action, the trace of a function of the length element in Planck units,
which when applied to the non commutative geometry of the Standard Model will
be shown (in a joint work with Ali Chamseddine) to give the SM Lagrangian
coupled to gravity. The internal fluctuations of the non commutative geometry
are trivial in the commutative case but yield the full bosonic sector of SM
with all correct quantum numbers in the slightly non commutative case. The
group of local gauge transformations appears spontaneously as a normal subgroup
of the diffeomorphism group.Comment: 30 pages, Plain Te
Lessons from Quantum Field Theory - Hopf Algebras and Spacetime Geometries
We discuss the prominence of Hopf algebras in recent progress in Quantum
Field Theory. In particular, we will consider the Hopf algebra of
renormalization, whose antipode turned out to be the key to a conceptual
understanding of the subtraction procedure. We shall then describe several
occurences of this or closely related Hopf algebras in other mathematical
domains, such as foliations, Runge Kutta methods, iterated integrals and
multiple zeta values. We emphasize the unifying role which the Butcher group,
discovered in the study of numerical integration of ordinary differential
equations, plays in QFT.Comment: Survey paper, 12 pages, epsf for figures, dedicated to Mosh\'e Flato,
minor corrections, to appear in Lett.Math.Phys.4
Remarks on Alain Connes' approach to the standard model
Our 1992 remarks about Alain Connes' interpretation of the standard model
within his theory of non-commutative riemannian spin manifolds.Comment: 9 pages TeX, dedicated to the memory of E. M. Polivano
A Short Survey of Noncommutative Geometry
We give a survey of selected topics in noncommutative geometry, with some
emphasis on those directly related to physics, including our recent work with
Dirk Kreimer on renormalization and the Riemann-Hilbert problem. We discuss at
length two issues. The first is the relevance of the paradigm of geometric
space, based on spectral considerations, which is central in the theory. As a
simple illustration of the spectral formulation of geometry in the ordinary
commutative case, we give a polynomial equation for geometries on the four
dimensional sphere with fixed volume. The equation involves an idempotent e,
playing the role of the instanton, and the Dirac operator D. It expresses the
gamma five matrix as the pairing between the operator theoretic chern
characters of e and D. It is of degree five in the idempotent and four in the
Dirac operator which only appears through its commutant with the idempotent. It
determines both the sphere and all its metrics with fixed volume form.
We also show using the noncommutative analogue of the Polyakov action, how to
obtain the noncommutative metric (in spectral form) on the noncommutative tori
from the formal naive metric. We conclude on some questions related to string
theory.Comment: Invited lecture for JMP 2000, 45
The Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs in QED
We report on the Hopf algebraic description of renormalization theory of
quantum electrodynamics. The Ward-Takahashi identities are implemented as
linear relations on the (commutative) Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs of QED.
Compatibility of these relations with the Hopf algebra structure is the
mathematical formulation of the physical fact that WT-identities are compatible
with renormalization. As a result, the counterterms and the renormalized
Feynman amplitudes automatically satisfy the WT-identities, which leads in
particular to the well-known identity .Comment: 13 pages. Latex, uses feynmp. Minor corrections; to appear in LM
Discretized Yang-Mills and Born-Infeld actions on finite group geometries
Discretized nonabelian gauge theories living on finite group spaces G are
defined by means of a geometric action \int Tr F \wedge *F. This technique is
extended to obtain discrete versions of the Born-Infeld action. The
discretizations are in 1-1 correspondence with differential calculi on finite
groups.
A consistency condition for duality invariance of the discretized field
equations is derived for discretized U(1) actions S[F] living on a
4-dimensional abelian G. Discretized electromagnetism satisfies this condition
and therefore admits duality rotations.
Yang-Mills and Born-Infeld theories are also considered on product spaces M^D
x G, and we find the corresponding field theories on M^D after Kaluza-Klein
reduction on the G discrete internal spaces. We examine in some detail the case
G=Z_N, and discuss the limit N -> \infty.
A self-contained review on the noncommutative differential geometry of finite
groups is included.Comment: 31 pages, LaTeX. Improved definition of pairing between tensor
products of left-invariant one-form
The noncommutative Lorentzian cylinder as an isospectral deformation
We present a new example of a finite-dimensional noncommutative manifold,
namely the noncommutative cylinder. It is obtained by isospectral deformation
of the canonical triple associated to the Euclidean cylinder. We discuss
Connes' character formula for the cylinder.
In the second part, we discuss noncommutative Lorentzian manifolds. Here, the
definition of spectral triples involves Krein spaces and operators on Krein
spaces. A central role is played by the admissible fundamental symmetries on
the Krein space of square integrable sections of a spin bundle over a
Lorentzian manifold. Finally, we discuss isospectral deformation of the
Lorentzian cylinder and determine all admissible fundamental symmetries of the
noncommutative cylinder.Comment: 30 page
Quantum Field Theory on Quantum Spacetime
Condensed account of the Lectures delivered at the Meeting on {\it
Noncommutative Geometry in Field and String Theory}, Corfu, September 18 - 20,
2005.Comment: 10 page
Carnot-Caratheodory metric and gauge fluctuation in Noncommutative Geometry
Gauge fields have a natural metric interpretation in terms of horizontal
distance. The latest, also called Carnot-Caratheodory or subriemannian
distance, is by definition the length of the shortest horizontal path between
points, that is to say the shortest path whose tangent vector is everywhere
horizontal with respect to the gauge connection. In noncommutative geometry all
the metric information is encoded within the Dirac operator D. In the classical
case, i.e. commutative, Connes's distance formula allows to extract from D the
geodesic distance on a riemannian spin manifold. In the case of a gauge theory
with a gauge field A, the geometry of the associated U(n)-vector bundle is
described by the covariant Dirac operator D+A. What is the distance encoded
within this operator ? It was expected that the noncommutative geometry
distance d defined by a covariant Dirac operator was intimately linked to the
Carnot-Caratheodory distance dh defined by A. In this paper we precise this
link, showing that the equality of d and dh strongly depends on the holonomy of
the connection. Quite interestingly we exhibit an elementary example, based on
a 2 torus, in which the noncommutative distance has a very simple expression
and simultaneously avoids the main drawbacks of the riemannian metric (no
discontinuity of the derivative of the distance function at the cut-locus) and
of the subriemannian one (memory of the structure of the fiber).Comment: published version with additional figures to make the proof more
readable. Typos corrected in this ultimate versio
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