7 research outputs found

    Regeneration performance of metal鈥搊rganic frameworks

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    Notions about the reception of print fiction as well as new media texts have a strong tendency to fall back upon the dichotomy between na茂ve and critical reading. It is presupposed that reception will be characterized by either the one or the other. We will try to critique this dichotomy on the basis of the hypothesis that media cultural change brings with it new and hybrid textual forms, ways of reading, and patterns of reception which not lend themselves to description in simple terms of na茂ve or critical. We make a case for the necessity of transgressing the dominant assumptions of transactional reception theory within literary studies and instead move in the direction of what we call creative reading and media-reflexivity

    CO2 Separation from Combustion Gases by V)PSA Method on Zeolite 13X

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    Spalanie paliw kopalnych przyczynia si臋 do nadmiernej emisji gaz贸w cieplarnianych, za艣 najwi臋kszym emitentem dwutlenku w臋gla jest przemys艂 energetyczny. Jednym ze sposob贸w redukcji emisji CO2 do atmosfery jest jego wychwytywanie ze strumienia spalin oraz magazynowanie lub zastosowanie w przemy艣le. Do wychwytywania dwutlenku w臋gla z gaz贸w spalinowych zaproponowano metod臋 adsorpcyjn膮. Dokonano oceny w艂a艣ciwo艣ci komercyjnego zeolitu 13X poprzez przedstawienie charakterystyki pojemno艣ci sorpcyjnej za pomoc膮 testu programowanej temperaturowo adsorpcji oraz mo偶liwo艣ci jego regeneracji w uk艂adzie pr贸偶niowym TG-Vacuum (test wieloetapowej adsorpcji/regeneracji). W celu okre艣lenia przydatno艣ci zastosowanego adsorbentu do separacji dwutlenku w臋gla pochodz膮cego ze spalania w臋gla w konwencjonalnych elektrowniach przeprowadzono testy separacji CO2 z symulowanej mieszaniny gaz贸w spalinowych technik膮 adsorpcji zmiennoci艣nieniowej z zastosowaniem pr贸偶ni w etapie regeneracji z艂o偶a (V-PSA). W badaniach uwzgl臋dniono wp艂yw ci艣nienia oraz czasu etapu adsorpcji/regeneracji z艂o偶a na 艣rednie st臋偶enie dwutlenku w臋gla, uzyskiwane w produkcie wzbogaconym, jak r贸wnie偶 na stopie艅 odzysku dwutlenku w臋gla z gazu zasilaj膮cego.Burning fossil fuels leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. One of the largest emitters of carbon dioxide is the power industry sector. Therefore, reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is the main priority of the EU energy policy. One way to reduce CO2 emissions can be carbon dioxide capture and storage, or utilization in the industry. The study proposes a method of adsorption to capture carbon dioxide from flue gases. Some properties of zeolite 13X were evaluated using characterization of sorption capacity by means of temperature-programmed adsorption test. The opportunities for its regeneration in the TG-Vacuum system by multi-stage adsorption/desorption test were also investigated. Furthermore, tests of separation of CO2 from a simulated mixture of flue gases were carried out by means of pres-sure swing adsorption technique using a vacuum in the regeneration step (V-PSA) in a two-bed installation. Six different adsorption/desorption times (from 300 s to 1800 s, with 300 s steps) and three different pressures in the bed (30 mbar, 100 and 200 mbar) were used during the regeneration step. The results obtained in the study were used to determine average concentration of carbon dioxide in the product and CO2 recovery from feed gas. The temperature-programmed test showed the CO2 adsorption capacity of about 125 mgCO2/g sorbent at 30掳C while the multi-stage adsorption/desorption test demonstrated opportunities for reaching a cyclic steady state and invariable active sorption capacity. The test of separation of carbon dioxide from simulated mixture of flue gas using two-bed pressure swing adsorption system (V-PSA) confirmed the possibility of application of zeolite 13X in the separation process. The adsorption/regeneration time of 600 s seems to be the most appropriate parameter for the process. A relatively high concentration of CO2 in the product (58 and 60%) and the recovery of carbon dioxide from the feed gas of about 82 and 97% were achieved respectively at the de-sorption pressure of 100 and 30 mbar

    Evaluation of adsorbents usability for carbon dioxide separation in vacuum systems - thermogravimetric tests

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    Badania z zastosowaniem metod termo grawimetrycznych (uk艂ad TG-Vacuum) prowadzono pod k膮tem sprawdzenia przydatno艣ci wytypowanych adsorbent贸w do procesu wychwytu dwutlenku w臋gla z gaz贸w spalinowych metod膮 VSA. Testy przeprowadzono na zeolicie 5A, na zeolicie 13X oraz na w臋glu aktywnym z 艂upin orzecha kokosowego w atmosferze dwutlenku w臋gla oraz w atmosferze spalin pochodz膮cych z konwencjonalnego procesu spalania, tzn. 16% CO2, 3,5% O2,80,5% N2. Zakres bada艅 obejmowa艂: test stabilno艣ci termicznej adsorbent贸w, izotermiczny test adsorpcji, test programowanej temperaturowo adsorpcji oraz test wieloetapowej cyklicznej adsorpcji/desorpcji w uk艂adzie TG-Vacuum. Wyb贸r odpowiedniego adsorbentu do stosowania w adsorpcyjnej instalacji separacji CO2 dokonywany jest na podstawie oceny jego pojemno艣ci sorpcyjnej, zdolno艣ci regeneracji, profili i kinetyki adsorpcji/desorpcji oraz stabilno艣ci termicznej. Wst臋pna ocena tych parametr贸w mo偶e zosta膰 dokonana z wykorzystaniem metod termograwimetrycznych, b臋d膮cych szybkim i u偶ytecznym narz臋dziem do okre艣lenia szczeg贸lnie pojemno艣ci sorpcyjnej oraz profili adsorpcji/desorpcji. Dla 100% CO2 najwi臋ksz膮 pojemno艣膰 sorpcyjn膮 wynosz膮c膮 130 mgCO2/g sorbentu stwierdzono dla zeolitu komercyjnego 13X, za艣 najmniejsz膮 dla w臋gla aktywnego AC - ok. 58 mgCO2/g sorbentu. W przypadku zastosowania mieszaniny gazowej o zawarto艣ci 16% CO2 stwierdzono ni偶sze pojemno艣ci sorpcyjne w ka偶dym z testowanych sorbent贸w. Pojemno艣膰 sorpcyjna w臋gla aktywnego, podobnie jak zeolit贸w, obni偶a si臋 gwa艂townie wraz ze wzrostem temperatury.The paper presents the results of tests carried outusing a thermogravimetric analyzer (TG-Vacuum system) to verify the suitability of selected adsorbents for carbon dioxide capture from flue gases in VSA process. Sorption capacity of solid sorbents of carbon dioxide was characterized in relation to the CO2 concentration. Zeolite 5A, zeolite 13X and coconut shell steam activated carbon were used in the study underconditions typical of flue gas content in the combustion process, i.e. 16% CO2, 3.5% O2,80.5% N2. The scope of the research included a thermal stability test of adsorbents, isothermal test of adsoption and multi-stage cyclic adsorption/desorption (TG-Vacuum system) test. Selection of a suitable adsorbent to be used in adsorption installation is made based on evaluation of its sorption capacity, ability to regenerate, adsorption/desorption profiles and stability in the number of cycles and the kinetics of adsorption/desorption process. Zeolite 13X exhibited the highest sorption capacity of 130 mg CO2/g sorbent (among the adsorbents tested) when the adsorption step was carried out in pure CO2. In the case of gas mixture containing 16% of CO2 a significant decrease in sorption capacity was observed for each sorbent. Similar by to zeolites, sorption capacity of the activated carbon decreases rapidly as the temperature rises
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