10.34: Creep properties of grade S275JR steel at high temperature

The paper describes an ongoing research project which aims to determine the creep properties of European steel Grade 275JR. The purpose of the research is to develop a reliable temperature‐, stress‐ and time‐dependent creep model for this alloy, since there is very little information available in the scientific community regarding its creep properties. The research within the project is focused on a series of stationary creep tests, which will be used to obtain time‐dependent creep strains in the temperature range 400–600°C. The stress range for which the creep evolution is studied in this project is between 25% and 90% of the value of the stress at 0.2% strain at any particular temperature level. Comparisons between the creep output for the alloy analysed and existing creep data are presented in the paper

No evidence of enteric viral involvement in the new neonatal porcine diarrhoea syndrome in Danish pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the syndrome New Neonatal Porcine Diarrhoea Syndrome (NNPDS) is associated with a viral aetiology. Four well-managed herds experiencing neonatal diarrhoea and suspected to be affected by NNPDS were included in a case-control set up. A total of 989 piglets were clinically examined on a daily basis. Samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic piglets at the age of three to seven days were selected for extensive virological examination using specific real time polymerase chain reactions (qPCRs) and general virus detection methods. A total of 91.7% of the animals tested positive by reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR) for porcine kobuvirus 1 (PKV-1) while 9% and 3% were found to be positive for rotavirus A and porcine teschovirus (PTV), respectively. The overall prevalence of porcine astrovirus (PAstV) was 75% with 69.8% of the PAstV positive pigs infected with PAstV type 3. No animals tested positive for rotavirus C, coronavirus (TGEV, PEDV and PRCV), sapovirus, enterovirus, parechovirus, saffoldvirus, cosavirus, klassevirus or porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Microarray analyses performed on a total of 18 animals were all negative, as were eight animals examined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Using Next Generation de novo sequencing (de novo NGS) on pools of samples from case animals within all herds, PKV-1 was detected in four herds and rotavirus A, rotavirus C and PTV were detected in one herd each. Our detailed analyses of piglets from NNPDS-affected herds demonstrated that viruses did not pose a significant contribution to NNPDS. However, further investigations are needed to investigate if a systemic virus infection plays a role in the pathogenesis of NNPDS

Utilização de vestimentas de proteção radiológica para redução de dose absorvida: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre o uso de vestimenta de proteção radiológica e a diminuição da dose absorvida de radiação ionizante, reforçando a eficácia do seu uso tanto para pacientes quanto para indivíduos ocupacionalmente expostos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo foi desenvolvido utilizando-se o método de revisão integrativa de literatura, e teve como materiais: 21 artigos, 2 livros, 1 tese, 1 trabalho de conclusão de curso, 1 programa de computador, 4 pesquisas em base de dados (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde) e 2 diretrizes de proteção radiológica. RESULTADOS: A utilização da vestimenta de proteção radiológica, teoricamente, reduz 86% a 99% a dose absorvida. Na prática, a redução nos pacientes pode ser de 88% na radiologia convencional e chegar a 95% no exame tomográfico. Nos indivíduos ocupacionalmente expostos, a redução durante um cateterismo cardíaco é em torno de 90% e durante uma cirurgia ortopédica é de 75%. CONCLUSÃO: Conforme demonstrado em várias pesquisas, o uso de vestimenta de proteção radiológica é eficaz e de baixo custo e reduz a dose desnecessária nos pacientes e nos indivíduos ocupacionalmente expostos. Logo, sua utilização é necessária para a implementação de um efetivo programa de proteção radiológica em um serviço de radiodiagnóstico