Анализа активности Cs137 у гљивама са територије Србије од чернобиљског акцидента до данашњих дана

Nakon akcidenta u nuklearnoj elektrani 'Lenjin', u periodu od trideset godina, u Institutu za primenu nuklearne energije - INEP, gamaspektrometrijski su određene koncentracije aktivnosti 137Cs u hiljadama uzoraka gljiva sakupljenim na teritoriji Srbije. Dobijeni rezultati statistički su obrađeni i predstavljeni u ovom radu. Poznato je da su gljive dobri bioindikatori zagađenja radioaktivnim supstancijama. Stepen usvajanja radiocezijuma zavisi od vrste gljive, ali i od metode njihove obrade (sušenje, mariniranje, salamurenje). Najviša koncentracija aktivnosti 137Cs izmerena je u uzorku smrčka 1986. godine i iznosila je 2390 Bqkg-1, dok su u toku 2015. godine izmerene koncentracije bile manje od 0,1 Bqkg-1. Tokom godina, koncentracije aktivnosti su očekivano opadale, ali se dešavalo da dođe i do izuzetka od ovog trenda, pa je u uzorku suvog vrganja sakupljenog 2002. godine izmerena vrednost od 1004 Bqkg-1.Thousands of samples of wild mushrooms from the territory of Serbia were analyzed to determine activity concentrations of 137Cs by using gamma spectrometry in the Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy – INEP, during the period of thirty years after the accident in nuclear power plant 'Lenin' in Chernobyl. Statistically analyzed results were presented in this work. It is known that mushrooms are good bioindicators of radioactive pollution. The level of radiocesium uptake depends on the mushrooms species, but also of their treatment (drying, marinating, pickling). The highest activity concentration was 2390 Bq kg-1 for 137Cs (fresh weight) in 1986 in Morchella conica, while activity concentrations 137Cs in samples collected 2015 were less than 0.1 Bq kg-1. As expected, activity concentrations of 137Cs in mushrooms decreased during the years, with some exceptions from this trend (e.g. activity concentration of 137Cs in Boletus edulis collected in 2002 was 1004 Bq kg-1 (dry weight)).Article is part of: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8230

Procena ekološkog i zdravstvenog rizika od teških metala u zemljištu u okolini termoelektrane „Nikola Tesla A“

Ecological and health hazards were assessed based on the concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in thirty surface soil samples taken from the sites around the largest Serbian thermal power plant. Ecological risk caused by heavy metals was estimated through pollution indices whose values indicated low to moderate ecological risks. Health hazard associated with residents’ exposure to heavy metals in soil was calculated applying the U.S. EPA model. The ingestion of soil was the most important exposure pathway. The risk assessment showed that exposure to Co, Fe, and Mn would result in an unacceptable non-carcinogenic risk for children. Cr and Pb were reported to significantly contribute to a carcinogenic risk, while total carcinogenic risk remained within the acceptable non-hazardous range.Ekološki i zdravstveni rizik su procenjeni u odnosu na koncentracije odabranih teških metala (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb i Zn) u trideset površinskih uzoraka zemljišta iz okoline najveće termoelektrane u Srbiji. Ekološki rizik je procenjen putem različitih pokazatelja zagađenja i njihove vrednosti pokazuju niski do srednji ekološki rizik. Rizik po zdravlje usled izlaganja stanovništva teškim metalima u zemljištu je izračunat primenom modela Agencije za zaštitu životne sredine Sjedinjenih Američkih Država. Ingestija zemljišta je identifikovana kao najvažniji put izlaganja. Procena rizika je pokazala da ekspozicija Co, Fe i Mn rezultuje neprihvatljivim nekancerogenim rizikom za decu. Cr i Pb su bili jedini elementi koji su doprinosili u većem obimu kancerogenom riziku, ali je ukupan kancerogeni rizik bio u granicama tolerantnog

Assessment of heavy metal content in soils of some urban and rural environments in Serbia

This study deals with the assessment of heavy metals contents in soil of Serbia in urban and rural environment. Analysed heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) were determined using an atomic absorption spectrometry. Concentrations of Co, Cu, Ni and Zn at some sampling sites of urban environment exceeded the limit values, which are still far from the remediation values established by Legislation of the Republic of Serbia.Physical chemistry 2016 : 13th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 26-30 September 201

The distribution of the mass concentrations of potassium, thorium and uranium in soils from the territories of the cities of Serbia

U radu su prikazane masene koncentracije kalijuma, torijuma i uranijuma u uzorcima zemljišta sa teritorija 16 većih gradova Srbije sakupljenih u periodu od 2003. do 2015. godine, izračunate na osnovu gamaspektrometrijski izmerenih aktivnosti ovih radionuklida. Srednje vrednosti koncentracija analiziranih elemenata u uzorcima zemljišta iznose za kalijum 1,6% (od 0,5 do 2,6%), torijum 8,7 mg/kg (od 2,4 do 15,1 mg/kg) i uranijum 2,6 mg/kg (od 0,8 do 4,7 mg/kg). Masene koncentracije kalijuma, torijuma i uranijuma u analiziranim zemljištima pokazuju normalnu raspodelu. Analizirana je međusobna zavisnost parova radionuklida i dobijeni su Pirsonovi koeficijenti korelacije od 0,88 za K/Th, 0,89 za K/U i 0,98 za Th/U.In this study, the mass concentrations of potassium, thorium and uraniuminsoils collected from the territories of 16 cities of Serbia collected in the period 2003-2015, were calculated based on specific activities of these radionuclides measured by gamma-ray spectrometry. The mean values of elemental mass concentrations in analyzed soil samples were found to be 1.6% for K, 8.7 mg/kg for Th and 2.6 mg/kg for U. The mass concentration of potassium, thorium and uranium in analyzed soils follows normal distribution. The relationshipsbetween pairs of radionuclides were analyzed and obtained Pearson correlation coefficientsof were 0.88 for K/Th, 0.89 for K/U and 0.98 for Th/U

Просторна и вертикална дистрибуција Cs137 у земљишту Србије

U ovom radu prikazane su specifične aktivnosti 137Cs u zemljištu Srbije u periodu od 2006. do 2014. godine. Predstavljena je prostorna distribucija ovog radionuklida, distribucija po dubini zemljišnog profila za različite tipove zemljišta i veza sa fizičko-hemijskim karakteristikama zemljišta. Ovi rezultati daju uvid u glavne faktore koji utiču na migraciju 137Cs u zemljištu, što doprinosi saznanjima o ponašanju ovog radionuklida u životnoj sredini i faktorima koji regulišu njegovu mobilnost unutar kopnenih ekosistema.In this study the specific activities of 137Cs were determined in the soil of Serbia in the period from 2006 to 2014. The spatial and vertical distribution of 137Cs in the soil profiles of different soil types and its relationships with the physico-chemical soil properties were analyzed. The obtained results provide insight into the key factors influencing the migration of 137Cs in the soil, which contributes to knowledge of its behavior in the environment and the factors affecting its mobility within terrestrial ecosystems.Article is part of: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8230

Просторна и вертикална дистрибуција Cs137 у земљишту Србије

U ovom radu prikazane su specifične aktivnosti 137Cs u zemljištu Srbije u periodu od 2006. do 2014. godine. Predstavljena je prostorna distribucija ovog radionuklida, distribucija po dubini zemljišnog profila za različite tipove zemljišta i veza sa fizičko-hemijskim karakteristikama zemljišta. Ovi rezultati daju uvid u glavne faktore koji utiču na migraciju 137Cs u zemljištu, što doprinosi saznanjima o ponašanju ovog radionuklida u životnoj sredini i faktorima koji regulišu njegovu mobilnost unutar kopnenih ekosistema.In this study the specific activities of 137Cs were determined in the soil of Serbia in the period from 2006 to 2014. The spatial and vertical distribution of 137Cs in the soil profiles of different soil types and its relationships with the physico-chemical soil properties were analyzed. The obtained results provide insight into the key factors influencing the migration of 137Cs in the soil, which contributes to knowledge of its behavior in the environment and the factors affecting its mobility within terrestrial ecosystems.Article is part of: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8230

Assessment of soil erosion rates in Southeastern Serbia using nuclear techniques

Erozija zemljišta vodom predstavlja vaţan problem zaštite ţivotne sredine u Srbiji. Posledica erozije je degradacija zemljišnih resursa, smanjenje plodnosti zemljišta i redukcija poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Najveši intenzitet erozije uoţen je na obradivom zemljištu na strmim padinama. Pretvaranje pašnjaka u obradivo zemljište uticalo je na povešanje prostora zahvašenih procesom erozije. U ovom radu prikazani su preli-minarni rezultati projekta tehniţke saradnje sa MeŤunarodnom agencijom za atomsku energiju ̳Jaţanje kapaciteta za procenu intenziteta erozije zemljišta koriššenjem nuklearnih tehnika u cilju podrške odrţivom upravljanju zemljištem‘ (SRB5003) ţiji je cilj procena intenziteta erozije zemljišta 137Cs-metodom. Istraţivanja sprovedena u basenima Pţinje i Juţne Morave ukazala su na intenzivnu eroziju na ovom prostoru. Istraţivanja še biti nastavljena na nekoliko drugih lokacija, a rezultati še biti upotrebljeni za podršku nacionalnim programima konzervacije zemljišta.Soil erosion by water presents an important environmental problem in Serbia resulting in degradation of the soil resources, reducing soil fertility and agricultural production. The highest intensity of erosion was observed at cultivated land occupying steep slopes. The conversion of pastures to arable land enhances this problem. This study presents the preliminary results of Technical Cooperation Project of International Atomic Energy Agency ̳Strengthening the Capacities for Soil Erosion Assessment Using Nuclear Techniques to Support Implementation of Sustainable Land Management Practices‘(SRB5003) aimed at estimation of soil erosion rates using the 137Cs-method. The investigation of Pčinja and South Morava River Basins in southeastern Serbia revealed intensive erosion in the area. The investigation will continue at several other sites and the results will be used to support national soil conservation policy.Proceedings: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8681]XXX симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ (Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе), 2- 4. октобар 2019. године, Дивчибаре, Србиј

Natural radionuclides in building materials in Serbia

Određivanje sadržaja radionuklida u materijalima koji se koriste u građevinarstvu veoma je važno u cilju procene radiološkog uticaja na zdravlje ljudi. U radu su prikazani rezultati gamaspektrometrijskog merenja prirodnih radionuklida u 94 uzorka građevinskog materijala (drvo, pesak, šljunak, opeka, mermer, granit, beton, staklo) koji je u upotrebi u Srbiji. Uzorci su analizirani u periodu 2016-2019. godine i opseg izmerenih aktivnosti radionuklida bio je: 226Ra (5-180)Bq/kg, 232Th(8-260)Bq/kg40K, (20-1480)Bq/kg. Za sve materijale određen je gama indeks i rezultati su upoređeni sa relevantnim podacima iz literature i propisa.Determination of radionuclides in building materialsis very important in order to assess the radiological impact on human health. The paper presents the results of gamma ray spectrometry measurement of natural radionuclides in 94 samples of building materials (wood, sand, gravel, brick, concrete,marble, granite, glass) collected from the territory of Serbia in the period from 2016 to 2019. The activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K from the building materials ranged from (5-180) Bq/kg, (8-260) Bq/kg, (20-1480) Bq/kg, respectively.For all materials, a gamma index was determined and the results are compared with the relevant literature and regulation data.Proceedings: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8681]XXX симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ (Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе), 2- 4. октобар 2019. године, Дивчибаре, Србиј

Vertical distribution of 137Cs in the undisturbed soil profiles in the basin of pčinja river, southeastern serbia

The 137Cs activity concentrations in six undisturbed soil profiles collected during 2013 in the basin of Pčinja River, southeastern Serbia, were determined gamma-ray spectrometrically. Average value of six undisturbed soil profiles by layers was calculated and vertical distribution of 137Cs activity concentration at 5 cm interval samples was shown by average profile. The 137Cs activity concentrations varied between 0.29 and 70.9 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 10.7 Bq kg-1. Even 27 years after Chernobyl accident 74% of deposited 137Cs was found in the first 20 cm of the soil

Assessment of soil erosion rates in Southeastern Serbia using nuclear techniques

Erozija zemljišta vodom predstavlja vaţan problem zaštite ţivotne sredine u Srbiji. Posledica erozije je degradacija zemljišnih resursa, smanjenje plodnosti zemljišta i redukcija poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Najveši intenzitet erozije uoţen je na obradivom zemljištu na strmim padinama. Pretvaranje pašnjaka u obradivo zemljište uticalo je na povešanje prostora zahvašenih procesom erozije. U ovom radu prikazani su preli-minarni rezultati projekta tehniţke saradnje sa MeŤunarodnom agencijom za atomsku energiju ̳Jaţanje kapaciteta za procenu intenziteta erozije zemljišta koriššenjem nuklearnih tehnika u cilju podrške odrţivom upravljanju zemljištem‘ (SRB5003) ţiji je cilj procena intenziteta erozije zemljišta 137Cs-metodom. Istraţivanja sprovedena u basenima Pţinje i Juţne Morave ukazala su na intenzivnu eroziju na ovom prostoru. Istraţivanja še biti nastavljena na nekoliko drugih lokacija, a rezultati še biti upotrebljeni za podršku nacionalnim programima konzervacije zemljišta.Soil erosion by water presents an important environmental problem in Serbia resulting in degradation of the soil resources, reducing soil fertility and agricultural production. The highest intensity of erosion was observed at cultivated land occupying steep slopes. The conversion of pastures to arable land enhances this problem. This study presents the preliminary results of Technical Cooperation Project of International Atomic Energy Agency ̳Strengthening the Capacities for Soil Erosion Assessment Using Nuclear Techniques to Support Implementation of Sustainable Land Management Practices‘(SRB5003) aimed at estimation of soil erosion rates using the 137Cs-method. The investigation of Pčinja and South Morava River Basins in southeastern Serbia revealed intensive erosion in the area. The investigation will continue at several other sites and the results will be used to support national soil conservation policy.Proceedings: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8681]XXX симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ (Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе), 2- 4. октобар 2019. године, Дивчибаре, Србиј