Problemáticas y tendencias en la arquitectura de metadatos web

The purpose of this report is to show the difficulties that the effective unfolding of the Semantic Web involve and to identify the achieved agreements and realizations. The difficulties related to information retrieval in the current "syntactic" Web and the proposal of the W3C as a solution of these problems will be indicated. The recommendations and proposals of conceptual languages, valuing their contribution to the semantic Web, and the main discrepancies and questions opened up in the development of the specifications will be discussed. Other technologies and infrastructures, i.e. the application profiles and the schemes registries, important for the creation and use of metadata records in different communities, the discovery of resources and the establishment of correspondences among different formats that allow the interoperability among applications will be commentedEl propósito de este informe es poner de manifiesto las dificultades que entraña el despliegue efectivo del Web Semántico e identificar los acuerdos y realizaciones alcanzadas. Indicaremos las dificultades relacionadas con la recuperación de información en el Web "sintáctico" actual y la propuesta del W3C como solución a estos problemas. Comentaremos las recomendaciones y propuestas de lenguajes conceptuales, valorando su aportación al Web semántico, y las principales discrepancias y cuestiones abiertas en el desarrollo de las especificaciones. Se considerarán otras tecnologías e infraestructuras, los perfiles de aplicación y los registros de esquemas, importantes para la creación y utilización de registros de metadatos en diferentes comunidades, el descubrimiento de recursos y el establecimiento de correspondencias entre distintos formatos que permiten la interoperabilidad entre aplicaciones

The ladder of Information Management towards the future.

The future of the Information Management discipline is presented like a evolutional ladder that includes Information Needs, Information Behaviour, Information Audit and Information Governance as the top position in this evolution

The ladder of Information Management towards the future.

The future of the Information Management discipline is presented like a evolutional ladder that includes Information Needs, Information Behaviour, Information Audit and Information Governance as the top position in this evolution

Técnicas y usos en la clasificación automática de imágenes

The production and generation of visual information through mobile phones and cameras is enormous. Also and mainly through remote sensing, through the acquisition of images of the earth's surface by means of planes, spacecraft and satellites that capture and serve data on meteorology, oceanography, geology, geography, geolocation, security, and so on. These image capture instruments generate visual information every day that cannot be manually processed, which is why various techniques and methods are used for the automatic extraction of useful knowledge. This literature review aims to understand the techniques and uses of automatic classification of images. In order to do this, the Scopus and WoS databases were used to locate documents on the automatic classification of images published between 2008 and 2018. The resulting records were searched for their full texts, carrying out a content analysis to find out the most recurrent techniques and their applications. As a result, it becomes evident that the three most commonly used techniques for the automatic classification of images are decision trees, neural networks and support vector machines, with the application of a wide variety of automatic classification, which seeks to automate repetitive processes, inspection and complex surveillance, urban control and development or recognition and assessment after natural disasters, among other aspects

Técnicas y usos en la clasificación automática de imágenes

The production and generation of visual information through mobile phones and cameras is enormous. Also and mainly through remote sensing, through the acquisition of images of the earth's surface by means of planes, spacecraft and satellites that capture and serve data on meteorology, oceanography, geology, geography, geolocation, security, and so on. These image capture instruments generate visual information every day that cannot be manually processed, which is why various techniques and methods are used for the automatic extraction of useful knowledge. This literature review aims to understand the techniques and uses of automatic classification of images. In order to do this, the Scopus and WoS databases were used to locate documents on the automatic classification of images published between 2008 and 2018. The resulting records were searched for their full texts, carrying out a content analysis to find out the most recurrent techniques and their applications. As a result, it becomes evident that the three most commonly used techniques for the automatic classification of images are decision trees, neural networks and support vector machines, with the application of a wide variety of automatic classification, which seeks to automate repetitive processes, inspection and complex surveillance, urban control and development or recognition and assessment after natural disasters, among other aspects

Reglas para la producción de una base de conocimientos en la construcción de tesauros.

The times are gone when the software for handling larger ammounts of data was sheer craftmanship. The last two decades have witnessed the rise of models aimed to setting up a formal and theoretical framework to afford coherence to databases design. Currently, the advance of Artificial Intelligence and related disciplines allows the management of data into an new context: the deductive data bases

Detection of High Level of Co-Infection and the Emergence of Novel SARS CoV-2 Delta-Omicron and Omicron-Omicron Recombinants in the Epidemiological Surveillance of Andalusia

Recombination is an evolutionary strategy to quickly acquire new viral properties inherited from the parental lineages. The systematic survey of the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences of the Andalusian genomic surveillance strategy has allowed the detection of an unexpectedly high number of co-infections, which constitute the ideal scenario for the emergence of new recombinants. Whole genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 has been carried out as part of the genomic surveillance programme. Sample sources included the main hospitals in the Andalusia region. In addition to the increase of co-infections and known recombinants, three novel SARS-CoV-2 delta-omicron and omicron-omicron recombinant variants with two break points have been detected. Our observations document an epidemiological scenario in which co-infection and recombination are detected more frequently. Finally, we describe a family case in which co-infection is followed by the detection of a recombinant made from the two co-infecting variants. This increased number of recombinants raises the risk of emergence of recombinant variants with increased transmissibility and pathogenicity.This research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant PID2020-117979RB-I00), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-funded with European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) (grant IMP/00019), and has also been funded by Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía (grants COVID-0012-2020, PS-2020-342 and IE19_259 FPS).Peer reviewe

Assessing the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages and Mutations on Patient Survival

Objectives: More than two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 still remains a global public health problem. Successive waves of infection have produced new SARS-CoV-2 variants with new mutations for which the impact on COVID-19 severity and patient survival is uncertain. Methods: A total of 764 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, sequenced from COVID-19 patients, hospitalized from 19th February 2020 to 30 April 2021, along with their clinical data, were used for survival analysis. Results: A significant association of B.1.1.7, the alpha lineage, with patient mortality (log hazard ratio (LHR) = 0.51, C.I. = [0.14,0.88]) was found upon adjustment by all the covariates known to affect COVID-19 prognosis. Moreover, survival analysis of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome revealed 27 of them were significantly associated with higher mortality of patients. Most of these mutations were located in the genes coding for the S, ORF8, and N proteins. Conclusions: This study illustrates how a combination of genomic and clinical data can provide solid evidence for the impact of viral lineage on patient survival.This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant PID2020- 117979RB-I00), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-funded with European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) (grant IMP/00019), and has also been funded by Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía (grants COVID-0012-2020 and PS-2020-342) and the postdoctoral contract of Carlos Loucera (PAIDI2020- DOC_00350), co-funded by the European Social Fund (FSE) 2014-2020. ELIXIR-CONVERGE—H2020 (871075).Peer reviewe

Reseña de Méndez Rodríguez, Eva. Metadatos y recuperación de información: estándares, problemas y aplicabilidad en bibliotecas digitales. Gijón: Trea, 2002. 432 p

Book review of: Metadatos y recuperación de información: estándares, problemas y aplicabilidad en bibliotecas digitales, de Eva Méndez Rodríguez