2,724 research outputs found
Optimización de la predicción de demanda de agua mediante algoritmos neuro-genéticos para un conjunto de datos reducido
La predicción de la demanda de agua es uno de los factores principales en el diseño
y gestión de sistemas de abastecimiento y distribución de agua. Recientemente, avanzadas
técnicas en inteligencia computacional como las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNAs) han
sido aplicadas para la predicción de series temporales con importantes resultados. En este
trabajo se ha desarrollado una metodología híbrida que combina RNAs y Algoritmos
Genéticos multiobjetivo para la predicción a corto plazo de la demanda de agua en una
Comunidad de Regantes cuando la disponibilidad de datos es escasa. El modelo fue
desarrollado utilizando datos de series temporales del Sector VII de la Zona Regable
Bembézar M.D. Tras el proceso de optimización con un algoritmo genético multiobjetivo se
obtuvo una RNA de tipo perceptrón multicapa entrenada mediante el algoritmo
Regularización Bayesiana con 24 neuronas en la primera capa oculta y 21 en la segunda. El
modelo desarrollado fue capaz de explicar el 95 % de la varianza total de los datos
observados con un Error Estándar de Predicción del 9.38 % (periodo de test).Ministerio de Economía y Competitivida
Decoherence in an accelerated universe
In this paper we study the decoherence processes of the semiclassical
branches of an accelerated universe due to their interaction with a scalar
field with given mass. We use a third quantization formalism to analyze the
decoherence between two branches of a parent universe caused by their
interaction with the vaccum fluctuations of the space-time, and with other
parent unverses in a multiverse scenario.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
The Big Trip and Wheeler-DeWitt equation
Of all the possible ways to describe the behavior of the universe that has
undergone a big trip the Wheeler-DeWitt equation should be the most accurate --
provided, of course, that we employ the correct formulation. In this article we
start by discussing the standard formulation introduced by Gonz\'alez-D\'iaz
and Jimenez-Madrid, and show that it allows for a simple yet efficient method
of the solution's generation, which is based on the Moutard transformation.
Next, by shedding the unnecessary restrictions, imposed on aforementioned
standard formulation we introduce a more general form of the Wheeler-DeWitt
equation. One immediate prediction of this new formula is that for the universe
the probability to emerge right after the big trip in a state with will
be maximal if and only if .Comment: accepted in Astrophysics and Space Scienc
Census of HII regions in NGC 6754 derived with MUSE: Constraints on the metal mixing scale
We present a study of the HII regions in the galaxy NGC 6754 from a two
pointing mosaic comprising 197,637 individual spectra, using Integral Field
Spectrocopy (IFS) recently acquired with the MUSE instrument during its Science
Verification program. The data cover the entire galaxy out to ~2 effective
radii (re ), sampling its morphological structures with unprecedented spatial
resolution for a wide-field IFU. A complete census of the H ii regions limited
by the atmospheric seeing conditions was derived, comprising 396 individual
ionized sources. This is one of the largest and most complete catalogue of H ii
regions with spectroscopic information in a single galaxy. We use this
catalogue to derive the radial abundance gradient in this SBb galaxy, finding a
negative gradient with a slope consistent with the characteristic value for
disk galaxies recently reported. The large number of H ii regions allow us to
estimate the typical mixing scale-length (rmix ~0.4 re ), which sets strong
constraints on the proposed mechanisms for metal mixing in disk galaxies, like
radial movements associated with bars and spiral arms, when comparing with
simulations. We found evidence for an azimuthal variation of the oxygen
abundance, that may be related with the radial migration. These results
illustrate the unique capabilities of MUSE for the study of the enrichment
mechanisms in Local Universe galaxies.Comment: 13 pages, 7 Figurs, accepted for publishing in A&
Observation of strong wavelength-shifting in the argon-tetrafluoromethane system
We report the scintillation spectra of Ar-CF mixtures in the range
210-800~nm, obtained under X-ray irradiation for various pressures (1-5~bar)
and concentrations (0-100%). Special care was taken to eliminate effects
related to space charge and recombination, so that results can be extrapolated
following conventional wisdom to those expected for minimum ionizing particles
under the typical electric fields employed in gaseous instrumentation. Our
study sheds light into the microscopic pathways leading to scintillation in
this family of mixtures.Comment: Updated to match current journal submissio
Quantum time machine
The continuation of Misner space into the Euclidean region is seen to imply
the topological restriction that the period of the closed spatial direction
becomes time-dependent. This restriction results in a modified Lorentzian
Misner space in which the renormalized stress-energy tensor for quantized
complex massless scalar fields becomes regular everywhere, even on the
chronology horizon. A quantum-mechanically stable time machine with just the
sub-microscopic size may then be constructed out of the modified Misner space,
for which the semiclassical Hawking's chronology protection conjecture is no
longer an obstruction.Comment: 6 pages, RevTe
Magnetic field production during preheating at the electroweak scale
We study the generation of magnetic fields during preheating within an
scenario of hybrid inflation at the electroweak (EW) scale. We find that the
non-perturbative and strongly out-of-equilibrium process of magnetic field
production occurs along the lines predicted by Vachaspati many years ago. The
system starts in the false vacuum at the end of inflation, and very quickly the
initial quantum fluctuations of the Higgs field get amplified via long
wavelength spinodal instabilities. The subsequent nucleation of the random
Gaussian Higgs field bubbles (lumps) leads to EW symmetry breaking, and to the
creation of -strings, which soon decay, along with longwave magnetic flux
tubes with nontrivial helicity. The intensity and scales in these helical
magnetic fields are consistent with their later development into the microgauss
fields observed in galaxies and clusters of galaxies.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, uses revtex
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