8 research outputs found

    Valeurs pronostiques de la mesure d'indépendance fonctionnelle chez les patients ùgés admis en unité de soins intermédiaires gériatriques

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    L'Ăąge Ă  lui seul n'est pas un prĂ©dicteur fiable de la mortalitĂ© chez les patients ĂągĂ©s gravement malades. Cette Ă©tude observationnelle rĂ©trospective monocentrique visait Ă  dĂ©terminer si l'Ă©tat fonctionnel, Ă©valuĂ© par la mesure d'indĂ©pendance fonctionnelle (MIF), pouvait ĂȘtre un prĂ©dicteur independant de la mortalitĂ© chez les patients ĂągĂ©s de 75 ans et plus admis dans une unitĂ© de soins intermĂ©diaires gĂ©riatrique (IMCU). Entre le 01.01.2012 et le 31.05.2016, 345 patients ont Ă©tĂ© inclus aux HĂŽpitaux Universitaires de GenĂšve. Le score moyen MIF Ă©tait de 66 +/- 26. La mortalitĂ© Ă  un an Ă©tait de 57%. Un statut fonctionnel plus Ă©levĂ©, Ă©valuĂ© Ă  l'aide de l'outil MIF avant l'admission en IMCU, Ă©tait significativement et indĂ©pendamment associĂ© Ă  une mortalitĂ© plus faible Ă  un an. Ces rĂ©sultats ouvrent des perspectives sur la valeur potentielle de la MIF pour Ă©tablir un pronostic plus fin et un meilleur triage des patients ĂągĂ©s gravement malades

    Utilisation de l’épuration extra-corporelle de dioxyde de carbone dans l’exacerbation de la maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique: une revue narrative

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    L’exacerbation de la maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (MPOC) induit une acidose respiratoire hypercapnique. L’élimination extracorporelle du dioxyde de carbone (ECCO2R) vise Ă  Ă©liminer le dioxyde de carbone (CO2) sanguin afin de lutter contre les effets nĂ©fastes de l’hypercapnie et de l’acidose secondaire. L’hypercapnie a des consĂ©quences extra-pulmonaires dĂ©lĂ©tĂšres en augmentant la pression intracrĂąnienne et en induisant et/ou aggravant une insuffisance cardiaque droite. Au cours d’une exacerbation de MPOC, l’utilisation d’ECCO2R pourrait amĂ©liorer l’efficacitĂ© de la ventilation non-invasive (VNI) en termes d’élimination du CO2, diminuer la frĂ©quence respiratoire et rĂ©duire l’hyperinflation dynamique et la pression expiratoire positive intrinsĂšque, phĂ©nomĂšnes qui contribuent Ă  l’augmentation de l’espace mort. L’ECCO2R pourrait donc permettre de diminuer les Ă©checs de VNI et faciliter le sevrage ventilatoire des patients intubĂ©s sous ventilation mĂ©canique. Dans cette revue de la littĂ©rature, nous prĂ©senterons les connaissances actuelles sur la physiopathologie liĂ©e Ă  la MPOC, les principes de la technique d’ECCO2R et sa place dans les dĂ©compensations aigĂŒes et sĂ©vĂšres de MPOC. Cependant, malgrĂ© les avancĂ©es techniques, il n’existe dans la littĂ©rature que des sĂ©ries de cas et peu d’études prospectives permettant d’établir clairement le rĂŽle de l’ECCO2R dans les dĂ©compensations aigĂŒes et sĂ©vĂšres de MPOC

    Functional Independence Measure score is associated with mortality in critically ill elderly patients admitted to an intermediate care unit

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    Age alone is not a robust predictor of mortality in critically ill elderly patients. Chronic health status and functional status before admission could be better predictors. This study aimed to determine whether functional status, assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), could be an independent predictor of mortality in a geriatric population admitted to an intermediate care unit (IMCU)

    Multicenter comparative multimodality surveillance of women at genetic-familial high risk for breast cancer (HIBCRIT Study): Interim results

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    PURPOSE: To prospectively compare clinical breast examination (CBE), mammography, ultrasonography (US), and contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for screening women at genetic-familial high risk for breast cancer and report interim results, with pathologic findings as standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board of each center approved the research; informed written consent was obtained. CBE, mammography, US, and MR imaging were performed for yearly screening of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, first-degree relatives of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, or women enrolled because of a strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer (three or more events in first- or second-degree relatives in either maternal or paternal line; these included breast cancer in women younger than 60 years, ovarian cancer at any age, and male breast cancer at any age). RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-eight women (mean age, 46 years +/- 12 [standard deviation]) were enrolled. Breast cancer was found in 11 of 278 women at first round and seven of 99 at second round (14 invasive, four intraductal; eight were <or=10 mm in diameter). Detection rate per year was 4.8% (18 of 377) overall; 4.3% (11 of 258) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers and first-degree relatives of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers versus 5.9% (seven of 119) in women enrolled because of strong family history; and 5.3% (nine of 169) in women with previous personal breast and/or ovarian cancer versus 4.3% (nine of 208) in those without. In six (33%) of 18 patients, cancer was detected only with MR imaging. Sensitivity was as follows: CBE, 50% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 29%, 71%); mammography, 59% (95% CI: 36%, 78%); US, 65% (95% CI: 41%, 83%); and MR imaging, 94% (95% CI: 82%, 99%). Positive predictive value was as follows: CBE, 82% (95% CI: 52%, 95%); mammography, 77% (95% CI: 50%, 92%); US, 65% (95% CI: 41%, 83%); and MR imaging, 63% (95% CI: 43%, 79%). CONCLUSION: Addition of MR imaging to the screening regimen for high-risk women may enable detection of otherwise unsuspected breast cancers
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