Stosowanie leków przeciwbólowych u pacjentów z chorobą niedokrwienną serca

Introduction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in the management of pain in a variety of conditions. Available data clearly indicate, that the use of NSAIDs is associated with a number of adverse effects, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and frequency of analgesic drug use in patients with coronary heart disease and knowledge about possible interactions of these drugs with conventional cardiac therapy. Material and methods. The study included 183 patients with ischaemic heart disease, hospitalised in the tertiary cardiological centre. Data on the use of analgesics and patients’ knowledge about their safety were collected using self-prepared questionnaire. Information about current medication, accompanying diseases and blood-test results were checked in patients’ medical records. Results. In the examined group, regular use of analgesic drugs (defined as at least three times per week) was reported by 29 subjects  (15.8%). The most frequently used analgesics were NSAIDs and paracetamol, with their regular use reported by 7.0% and 8.8% of the respondents respectively. The majority of patients using NSAIDs were not aware about their possible interactions with antiplatelet therapy and did not consult the use of analgesics with a physician. Only 19.8% of patients admitted, that they received the information about analgesics from their doctor. Conclusions. The regular use of analgesic drugs by 15.8% of patients with coronary artery disease is a significant concern. Patients with coronary heart disease should be provided with detailed information and recommendations about safe analgesic therapy and alternatives for NSAIDs.Wstęp: Niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne (NLPZ) są powszechnie używane do uśmierzania bólu w przebiegu różnorodnych schorzeń. Dostępne dane jasno wskazują, że stosowanie NLPZ jest związane ze znaczną liczbą efektów ubocznych zwłaszcza wśród pacjentów z chorobą sercowo-naczyniową. Celem pracy było określenie częstości stosowania leków przeciwbólowych wśród pacjentów z chorobą wieńcową serca oraz wiedzy pacjentów na temat potencjalnych interakcji tych leków ze standardowym leczeniem kardiologicznym. Materiał i metody: Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 183 pacjentów z chorobą niedokrwienną serca hospitalizowanych w referencyjnym ośrodku kardiologicznym. Dane na temat stosowania leków przeciwbólowych oraz wiedzy pacjentów o ich bezpieczeństwie były pozyskiwane z użyciem kwestionariusza. Informacje na temat przyjmowanych leków, współistniejących chorób oraz badań laboratoryjnych były uzyskane z historii chorób pacjentów. Wyniki: Regularne stosowanie leków przeciwbólowych (co najmniej trzykrotne w ciągu tygodnia) podało 29 pacjentów (15.8%). Najczęściej stosowanymi lekami przeciwbólowymi były NLPZ oraz paracetamol, których regularne stosowanie deklarowało 7.0% i 8.8% osób. Większość pacjentów stosujących NLPZ nie było świadomych ich potencjalnych interakcji z terapią przeciwpłytkową i nie konsultowało stosowania leków przeciwbólowych z lekarzem. Zaledwie 19.8% pacjentów przyznało, że otrzymało informację na temat leków przeciwbólowych od lekarza. Wnioski: Regularne stosowanie leków przeciwbólowych przez 15.8% pacjentów z chorobą wieńcową serca stanowi istotny problem. Pacjenci z chorobą wieńcową serca powinni otrzymywać dokładne informacje oraz zalecenia na temat bezpiecznej terapii przeciwbólowej oraz alternatywy dla NLPZ

Identification of spaces accompanying office buildings as public spaces on examples of Poznań office architecture

Przedmiotem artykułu są publiczne obszary towarzyszące obiektom architektury biurowej. Są to strefy wewnętrzne biurowca oraz te lokalizowane w jego częściach zewnętrznych, które są dostępne do użytku publicznego. Nie stanowią one bezpośrednio przestrzeni pracy, ale ich architektura i zagospodarowanie są ściśle związane z biurowcem. Celem badań jest określenie formy oraz funkcji, jaką pełnią w kontekście przestrzeni dostępu publicznego. Badaniem objęto pięć poznańskich biurowców. Analiza opiera się na metodyce walkthrough, badaniach literatury, metodzie porównawczej, badaniach pomiarowych oraz rozmowie z ekspertem architektury poznańskiej. Wyniki pozwoliły na określenie funkcji, jaką pełnią biurowce w częściach dostępnych do ogólnego użytku publicznego wraz z ich charakterystyką. Proces badawczy umożliwił opracowanie definicji obszarów towarzyszących biurowcom.The subject of the article are public areas accompanying the objects of office architecture. These are the internal zones of the office building and located in its external parts, which are accessible for public use. They are not directly a workspace, but their architecture and layout are closely related to the office building. The aim of the research is to determine the form and function they perform in the context of public access space. The study covered five Poznań office buildings. The analysis is based on walkthrough methodology, literature research, comparative method, measurement research and an interview with an expert of Poznań architecture. The results allowed to determine the function of office buildings in areas accessible to general public use along with their characteristics. The research process made it possible to develop the definition of the areas accompanying the office buildings

Differences in the stress coping styles and social skills between classical and jazz musicians

The musical milieu raises a number of challenges for artists. Coping with these depends not only on the level of musical abilities but also on a number of personal skills. The diverse styles of music education and the expectations set for musicians performing various music genres have inspired research exploring the differences between classical and jazz musicians. Of the psychological areas important for functioning effectively as a musician, stress management styles and social skills have been examined in this study. It was assumed that the genre of publicly performed music, and thus the different modes of music education in the field of classical and jazz music performance, can cause significant differences in the psychological functioning of musicians. Of the 73 musicians who participated in the study, 38 were classical musicians and 35 were jazz musicians. The jazz musicians revealed a significantly higher level of social competence in terms of social exposure compared to the classical musicians. There were no differences in the style of coping with stress between the two groups. The results of the study might inspire psychologists working with musicians to plan therapeutic programs aimed at psychological preparation for public performances, with the specificity of musical genres taken into account. Future research may investigate the extent temperament and personality of musicians representing different specialties influence their stress coping strategies and social skills

Surface Studies on Glass Powders Used in Commercial Glass-Ionomer Dental Cements

The surface properties of three commercial ionomer glass powders, i.e., Fuji IX, Kavitan Plus and Chemadent G-J-W were studied. Samples were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and the density was determined by gas pycnometry. Morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser diffraction (LD) technique, whereas low-temperature nitrogen sorption measurements determined textural parameters like specific surface area and pore volume. Thermal transformations in the materials studied were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which was carried out in an inert atmosphere between 30 °C and 900 °C. XRF showed that Fuji IX and Kavitan Plus powders were strontium-based, whereas Chemadent G-J-W powder was calcium-based. Powders all had a wide range of particle sizes under SEM and LD measurements. Specific surface areas and pore volumes were in the range 1.42–2.73 m2/g and 0.0029 to 0.0083 cm3/g, respectively, whereas densities were in the range 2.6428–2.8362 g/cm3. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the glass powders lost mass in a series of steps, with Fuji IX powder showing the highest number, some of which are attributed to the dehydration and decomposition of the polyacrylic acid present in this powder. Mass losses were more straightforward for the other two glasses. All three powders showed distinct losses at around 780 °C and 835 °C, suggesting that similar dehydration steps occur in all these glasses. Other steps, which differed between glass powders, are attributed to variations in states of water-binding on their surfaces

Characteristics of the patients.

<p>Characteristics of the patients.</p

Expression of Estrogen Receptor Coactivator Proline-, Glutamic Acid- and Leucine-Rich Protein 1 within Paraspinal Muscles in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis - Fig 5

<p><b>Western blotting PELP1 protein expression in paravertebral muscles (A)</b>. Ovarian cancer was used as an external control. Western blotting GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) protein expression was used as internal control (B). Designations: 1 –Page Ruler^TM protein ladder, 2 –deep paravertebral muscles concave side, 2 –deep paravertebral muscles convex side, 3 –control (ovarian cancer), 4 –superficial muscles.</p

Immunohistochemical localization of PELP1 protein expression in paravertebral muscles.

<p>(A, B) Light microscopic images with regular hematoxylin and eosin staining were applied to assess the tissue morphology. The transverse section (C) and the longitudinal section (D) of the deep paravertebral muscle with positive reaction to PELP1 within the nucleus. Control reaction: (E) positive control–ovarian cancer, (F) negative control–paravertebral muscles incubation without primary antibodies.</p

Relative <i>PELP1</i> expression level in deep paravertebral muscles and superficial muscles.

<p>Different superscript letters above each bar are significantly different, P<0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc test).</p