Trainee Shame-Proneness and the Supervisory Process

This study examined the influence of trainee shame-proneness on the supervisory process. A longitudinal design was employed to measure alliance ratings and perceived session impact of 43 counselor trainees undergoing a 5-session supervision process. Analysis of covariance revealed a significant relationship between supervisee shame-proneness and supervisory working alliance F (4, 126) = 3.38, p = .0116. Independent samples t-tests revealed high shame-prone supervisees rated significantly lower impact t (41) = 2.53, p = .02, d = 1.1. Implications for the practice of supervision are discussed

The Role of Personality in Early Alliance Formation in the Context of Clinical Supervision of Psychotherapists in Training

The literature suggests that working alliance is an important predictor of clinical supervision outcomes. However, little is known about the individual factors that influence the development and maintenance of the working alliance. This study aims to explore the role of supervisor and trainee personality traits in the development of early working alliances, as well as supervisor and trainee concordance rates in the context of clinical supervision. This study used the NEO-PI-3 measure to assess personality traits and the Working Alliance Inventory-Supervisor and Trainee Versions (WAI) measures to assess working alliance ratings. Results suggest that supervisors rate the strength of their alliances as significantly stronger than trainees (p \u3c .05). While no trainee personality traits were found to predict their perception of the early alliance, the openness domain was found to be significantly associated to supervisor’s self-reported ratings of alliance. Implications of these findings are discussed

An anthropological examination of virtues and character strengths and wellbeing: Imagining a good life in professional training

Since its inception, there has been a rapid growth in the number of studies on Peterson and Seligman’s (2004) classification of Positive Psychology’s (PP) strengths and virtues, linking them to wellbeing (Brdar & Kashdan, 2010). However, some authors have criticized this approach (Schwartz & Sharpe, 2006), arguing that this classification does not integrate a complete understanding of the Aristotelian virtue of practical wisdom. Building on this critique, the article aims to apply the theoretical framework of Gilbert Durand’s Anthropological Structures of the Imaginary (ASI) in order to provide a nuanced approach to understanding Positive Psychology’s concepts of strengths and virtues. We suggest that this approach will contribute to enhancing the implications of these concepts for the practice of supervision and psychotherapy. In the first section, we explore the notion of virtue from the Positive Psychology perspective and contrast it with the Aristotelian perspective. The comparison of these two perspectives lead to a rationale for proposing Durand’s ASI theory for greater understanding of the complexities inherent to the notion of virtues and their associated character strengths and their role in fostering a good life. In the second section, we briefly present an overview of Durand’s ASI theory. In the third section, we further demonstrate the links between the two theoretical frameworks (i.e., Durand’s ASI and PP’s strengths and virtues), by providing applications of the relevance of ASI to both Peterson and Seligman’s (2004) six virtues and 24 character strengths. Lastly, a case conceptualization is presented to articulate the clinical implications of this proposed approach

Exploring the Relationship Between the Supervisory Alliance and the Development of Reflexive Self-Awareness: A Mixed Methods Approach

The study used embedded design to explore the relationship between alliance and perceived change in reflexive self-awareness in graduate trainees following counseling and psychotherapy programs (n = 48). Linear regression analyses were used to measure the predictive value of alliance on the development of supervisees\u27 reflexive awareness. Qualitative reflexive thematic analysis was also conducted on critical incident reports of supervisees who perceived low vs strong alliances to gain greater in-depth understanding of the quantitative data. Results showed that the alliance does not directly predict observed changes in reflexive awareness. While alliance was found to create favorable conditions to support the development of reflexive self-awareness, it did not suffice to promote supervisees’ engagement in such development. Consequently, the results suggest it is important to consider difficulties in emotion regulation that may be inherent in the supervisory process to promote reflexive self-awareness in supervisees

Experiences of the supervisory alliance and self-compassion in counseling and psychotherapy students

This qualitative research examined the relationship between supervisory working alliance, self-compassion and reflexive self-awareness with students enrolled in a graduate-level counseling or counseling and psychotherapy program (n = 48). A thematic analysis using a Critical Incident Questionnaire was performed. The themes identified in this study indicate that both supervision alliance and self-compassion seemingly contribute positively to student supervisee learning experiences and to the development of their reflexive self-awareness. Moreover, the perceived learning achieved, and the development of reflexive self-awareness, reciprocally strengthened the supervisory alliance. Furthermore, the degree of supervisees’ self-compassion as well as their perceived supervisory alliances had an impact on supervisees’ experiences of the supervision process

Étude des liens entre l'alliance de travail, la prédisposition à la honte et l'effet immédiat d'un processus de supervision en counseling

Now widely accepted as an independent field of specialization, the practice of supervision is viewed as the most important element in the development of counselor competence in career counseling. The bulk of our knowledge however, concerning the process of supervision has grown out of the psychology literature and this has guided the practice of supervision. The goal of this research is to extend the supervision research by investigating different aspects concerning the nature of the perceived supervisory working alliance and by investigating the possible relationship between the supervisory working alliance and impact (proposed as a variable predictive of outcome), as well as investigating whether supervisee shame-proneness could be found to be significantly related to the supervisory working alliance and impact. The participants in this research included 43 supervisees and 13 supervisors undergoing a 5-session supervisory process. The Internalized Shame Scale (ISS) was administered to the supervisees prior to the start of the supervision sessions and following the last supervision session as a measure of shame-proneness. The Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory-Trainee (SWAI-T) and Supervisor (SWAI-S) versions were used to measure the strength of reported supervisory working alliance and the Session Evaluation Questionnaire (SEQ) was used as a measure of impact immediately following each of the supervision sessions. Results from this research serve to highlight the importance supervisees place on having a safe and trusting environment for their supervision to be beneficial and suggests supervisors pay particular attention to this aspect of their supervisory alliance building for any meaningful learning to take place as well as to diminish the possible negative impacts of supervisee shame-proneness. Furthermore, this research suggest that the supervisory working alliance perceived by supervisees may be an important predictive factor for the outcome of supervision arguing for the importance supervisors should place on building and strengthening this process variable

Étude des liens entre l'alliance de travail, la prédisposition à la honte et l'effet immédiat d'un processus de supervision en counseling

Now widely accepted as an independent field of specialization, the practice of supervision is viewed as the most important element in the development of counselor competence in career counseling. The bulk of our knowledge however, concerning the process of supervision has grown out of the psychology literature and this has guided the practice of supervision. The goal of this research is to extend the supervision research by investigating different aspects concerning the nature of the perceived supervisory working alliance and by investigating the possible relationship between the supervisory working alliance and impact (proposed as a variable predictive of outcome), as well as investigating whether supervisee shame-proneness could be found to be significantly related to the supervisory working alliance and impact. The participants in this research included 43 supervisees and 13 supervisors undergoing a 5-session supervisory process. The Internalized Shame Scale (ISS) was administered to the supervisees prior to the start of the supervision sessions and following the last supervision session as a measure of shame-proneness. The Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory-Trainee (SWAI-T) and Supervisor (SWAI-S) versions were used to measure the strength of reported supervisory working alliance and the Session Evaluation Questionnaire (SEQ) was used as a measure of impact immediately following each of the supervision sessions. Results from this research serve to highlight the importance supervisees place on having a safe and trusting environment for their supervision to be beneficial and suggests supervisors pay particular attention to this aspect of their supervisory alliance building for any meaningful learning to take place as well as to diminish the possible negative impacts of supervisee shame-proneness. Furthermore, this research suggest that the supervisory working alliance perceived by supervisees may be an important predictive factor for the outcome of supervision arguing for the importance supervisors should place on building and strengthening this process variable

Trainee Shame-Proneness and the Supervisory Process

This study examined the influence of trainee shame-proneness on the supervisory process. A longitudinal design was employed to measure alliance ratings and perceived session impact of 43 counselor trainees undergoing a 5-session supervision process. Analysis of covariance revealed a significant relationship between supervisee shame-proneness and supervisory working alliance F (4, 126) = 3.38, p = .0116. Independent samples t-tests revealed high shame-prone supervisees rated significantly lower impact t (41) = 2.53, p = .02, d = 1.1. Implications for the practice of supervision are discussed

Examen de l’entente superviseur-supervisé en contexte d’alliance de travail : la honte joue-t-elle un rôle?

This study examined the agreement of 31 supervisee-supervisor pairs on perceived strength of working alliance throughout 5 supervision sessions and on whether the alliance differed significantly in relation to supervisee shame-proneness. The Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory (Trainee and Supervisor versions) was used to measure the working alliance, and the Internalized Shame Scale was used to measure supervisee shame-proneness. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a lack of concordance between perceived alliance strength of supervisors and supervisees (F(1,29) = 12.70, p = 0.0013). No differences in alliance ratings were found in relation to shame-proneness. Implications for supervision are discussed.Cette étude a porté sur l’entente liant 31 duos superviseurs-supervisés en ce qui concerne la perception qu’ils avaient de la solidité de leur alliance de travail tout au cours de 5 séances de supervision; on tenta aussi de déterminer si l’alliance variait sensiblement en fonction d’une prédisposition à la honte de la part du supervisé. L’inventaire des alliances de travail en contexte de supervision (versions stagiaire et superviseur) a servi à mesurer l’alliance de travail, tandis qu’on utilisa l’échelle de honte intériorisée pour mesurer la prédisposition à la honte chez le supervisé. L’analyse des écarts sur des mesures répétées a révélé une discordance entre les perceptions quant à la solidité de l’alliance chez les superviseurs et les supervisés (F(1,29) = 12,70, p = 0,0013). On n’a noté aucunes différences quant aux cotes attribuées à l’alliance en fonction de la prédisposition à la honte. Discussion des incidences sur la supervision