APPROACH TO PUBLIC SPEAKING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT IN AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION: A GROUNDED THEORY

Communicating confidently and effectively before an audience is one of the skills highly desired to be developed by professionals. Hence, there is a high demand for public speaking skills development training. The purpose of this study was to generate a theory grounded from the data that explains the approach of how members of Toastmasters International (TI) develop their public speaking skills as they immerse in such educational organization. The analysis of this study was mainly guided by the systematic design of grounded theory developed by Corbin and Strauss (2008). Theoretical sampling guided the recruitment of 21 TI members as the participants of the personal interviews. A focus group discussion and researcher’s observations were then utilized for a triangulated result of the study. Open coding categories were connected during axial coding and refined during selective coding to form a theory. “Four C’s in Public Speaking Theory” explains the approach of how TI members develop their public speaking skills in order to transform from a novice public speaker to an expert one. The generated model can serve as a guide for the members’ strategic plan in taking full advantage of the benefits that the organization offers in public speaking. This could also aid in the organization’s planning and program development.  Article visualizations

An Evaluation of the National Greening Program Implementation in Simala, Cebu Philippines Utilizing ABCD Model

This descriptive-evaluative study is an evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the National Greening Program in Simala National High School, a secondary public school in Cebu, Philippines utilizing the ABCD model. It identified the congruences and discrepancies of the intents and actualities of the following components: A - the participants, B - programs and operations, C - effects, and D - the social impact. It was revealed that for component A, 63.83 % of the target participants cooperated in the program activities. Component B evaluation showed that most of the objectives to operate the program based on DepEd Order No. 5, s. 2014 were achieved with just minor discrepancies. For component C, the following themes encapsulate the effects of the program to the participants which are “points for the effort”, “complied as required”, “green advocates”, and “environmental champions”. While the themes “disaster mitigation” and “fighting malnutrition” as the program’s social impacts assessed in component D were attained. Thus, the school effectively implemented the program in one school year. Planning ahead the schedule of activities through proper channeling of information and strictly requiring all target participants to attend are advisable. Coordinating with the proper office in setting up the seed bank facilities and forging more partnerships with the concerned public and private agencies are recommended to further minimize the gap between the intents and actualities

Phlebitis, Infiltration, and Localized Site Infection Among Patients With Peripheral Intravenous Catheters

This study examined the occurrence of phlebitis, infiltration, and localized site infection between standard replacement (control group) and clinically indicated replacement (experimental group) among patients with peripheral IV catheters. We utilized a two-group, post-test only, randomized experimental design in a level 4 tertiary hospital in Cebu for a period of 30 days. A total of 80 participants who passed the selection criteria were chosen and equally divided into 2 groups of 40 members each using randomization. The control group had their peripheral IV catheters changed every 3 days while the experimental group had their peripheral IV catheters replaced only in the presence of complications. The outcome variables for the study were phlebitis, infiltration, and localized site infection. Findings revealed that the standard replacement group had a higher prevalence rate of complications compared to the clinically indicated replacement group. Moreover, patients who stayed for 7-14 days had an increased likelihood of developing phlebitis and infiltration compared to those who remained for 4-6 days. Remarkably, peripheral IV catheters inserted by physicians had a higher rate of infiltration compared to nurses. Furthermore, nurses who had 2 years of experience were found to have lower incidence of phlebitis compared to those who had 3 years of experience. In conclusion, the risk of developing phlebitis and infiltration was not increased when peripheral IV catheters were replaced on a clinical-need rather than on a routine basis. Hospitals should consider adopting new guidelines wherein peripheral IV catheters are changed only in the presence of complications