Cosmological quintessence accretion onto primordial black holes : conditions for their growth to the supermassive scale

In this work we revisit the growth of small primordial black holes (PBHs) immersed in a quintessential field and/or radiation to the supermassive black hole (SMBHs) scale. We show the difficulties of scenarios in which such huge growth is possible. For that purpose we evaluated analytical solutions of the differential equations (describing mass evolution) and point out the strong fine tuning for that conclusions. The timescale for growth in a model with a constant quintessence flux is calculated and we show that it is much bigger than the Hubble time.The fractional gain of the mass is further evaluated in other forms, including quintessence and/or radiation. We calculate the cosmological density $\Omega$ due to quintessence necessary to grow BHs to the supermassive range and show it to be much bigger than one. We also describe the set of complete equations analyzing the evolution of the BH+quintessence universe, showing some interesting effects such the quenching of the BH mass growth due to the evolution of the background energy. Additional constraints obtained by using the Holographic Bound are also described. The general equilibrium conditions for evaporating/accreting black holes evolving in a quintessence/radiation universe are discussed in the Appendix.Comment: 21 pp., 2 Figures, To appear in IJMP

Bounds on the cosmological abundance of primordial black holes from diffuse sky brightness: single mass spectra

We constrain the mass abundance of unclustered primordial black holes (PBHs), formed with a simple mass distribution and subject to the Hawking evaporation and particle absorption from the environment. Since the radiative flux is proportional to the numerical density, an upper bound is obtained by comparing the calculated and observed diffuse background values, (similarly to the Olbers paradox in which point sources are considered) for finite bandwidths. For a significative range of formation redshifts the bounds are better than several values obtained by other arguments $\Omega_{pbh} \leq 10^{-10}$; and they apply to PBHs which are evaporating today.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PR

Exploring the distilled realms: A study on whiskey and the travellers’ motivations

The study explores the impact of cultural alcoholic beverages, specifically whiskey, on travel motivations. Results from a quantitative research method indicate that both core cultural products and core whiskey products significantly influence the intention to participate in whiskey tourism. The findings suggest that promoting a destination’s reputation as a producer of high-quality cultural alcoholic beverages can enhance its appeal as a tourist destination, and whiskey as a cultural product can motivate tourism.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The impact of voice assistants on consumer intention to use self-driving cars

This study examines the influence of voice assistants’ attributes on consumer intention to use self- driving cars and WOM intentions. Results indicate that a positive attitude toward voice assistant attributes positively impacts the intention to use self-driving cars. The study suggests that integrating voice assistants in self-driving cars can increase consumer adoption.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Multi-bit sigma-delta modulators with enhanced dynamic-range using non-linear DAC for hearing aids

15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, MaltaThis paper presents the possibility of employing nonlinear low-resolution DACs in the feedback paths of multi-bit second-order Sigma-Delta modulators. The proposed technique is particularly attractive in applications such as hearing aids, requiring a very large dynamic range and medium signal-tonoise-plus-distortion-ratio. As demonstrated through simulated results in which noise and mismatch effects are included, for the same over-sampling ratio, improvements in the order of 6-to-9 dB in the dynamic range can be achieved when comparing with the same topology employing linear-DACs

Derivative-free separable quadratic modeling and cubic regularization for unconstrained optimization

Funding Information: Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). The first and second authors are funded by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia I.P., under the scope of projects PTDC/MAT-APL/28400/2017, UIDP/MAT/00297/2020, and UIDB/MAT/00297/2020 (Center for Mathematics and Applications). The third author is funded by national funds through the FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the scope of the projects CEECIND/02211/2017, UIDP/MAT/00297/2020, and UIDB/MAT/00297/2020 (Center for Mathematics and Applications). Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).We present a derivative-free separable quadratic modeling and cubic regularization technique for solving smooth unconstrained minimization problems. The derivative-free approach is mainly concerned with building a quadratic model that could be generated by numerical interpolation or using a minimum Frobenius norm approach, when the number of points available does not allow to build a complete quadratic model. This model plays a key role to generate an approximated gradient vector and Hessian matrix of the objective function at every iteration. We add a specialized cubic regularization strategy to minimize the quadratic model at each iteration, that makes use of separability. We discuss convergence results, including worst case complexity, of the proposed schemes to first-order stationary points. Some preliminary numerical results are presented to illustrate the robustness of the specialized separable cubic algorithm.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

Caracterização de acessos de Paspalum notatum Fluegge por meio da análise de componentes principais.

A espécie Paspalum notatum e altamente cosmopoljta, tendo sido encontrados diversos ecótipos adaptados a regiões específicas. 0 objetivo é a identificação dos descritores morfológicos vegetativos e reprodutivos principais na caracterização de oito acessos de P.notatum e um acesso de Paspalum sp. coletados em deferentes regiões brasileiras. 0 trabalho foi desenvolvido na Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste localizada em São Carlos-SP, onde se encontra o Banco Ativo de Germoplasma do gênero Paspalum. Na coleta de dados foi utilizada uma lista de 1068 descritores morfológicos vegetativos e reprodutivos. Realizou-se a análise de componentes principais que, além da dispersão gráfica da divergência entre genótipo, possibilita a identificação dos caracteres majs representativos para explicar a variância total. Na análise foi utilizado o programa SAS/STAT 6.03. Previamente os descritores foram divididos em grupos de relação. A primeira seleção eliminou descritores cujas características não apresentavam variação entre os acessos, diminuindo-os para 272. A segunda seleção analisou a correlação entre os 272 descritores, dentro de cada grupo. Utilizaram-se as componentes com acúmulo de variância a 80%. Nos componentes foram selecionados os descritores de major valor absoluto, resultando em 81 descritores principais. Os caracteres descontínuos que se destacaram foram os de comprimento e largura do requis e lamina floral. Do grupo Planta/Inflorescência/Ráquis os principais foram a pilosidade do Ráquis e a forma da Inflorescência. Os da Lamina foliar foram 05 de pilosidade. Descritores de destaque do grupo Lígula e Bainha foram à pilosidade da lígula e da bainha e os do grupo Espigueta/Pedúnculo foram de pilosidade do Pedúnculo. 0 grupo Flor/ Antêcio pode ser caracterizado pelo tamanho do Lema Fértil e Lema Estéril em relação a Gluma e translucidez do Lema Estéril. Por fim, os descritores principais da Gluma são a forma, cor e translucidez da Prjmeira Gluma. A metodologia utilizada foi eficiente na detecção da presença de variabilidade intraespecífica de Paspalum notatum