1,071 research outputs found
Electron microscopy and the investigation of new infectious diseases
AbstractObjectives: To review and assess the role of electron microscopy in the investigation of new infectious diseases.Design: To design a screening strategy to maximize the likelihood of detecting new or emerging pathogens in clinical samples.Results: Electron microscopy remains a useful method of investigating some viral infections (infantile gastroenteritis, virus-induced outbreaks of gastroenteritis and skin lesions) using the negative staining technique. In addition, it remains an essential technique for the investigation of new and emerging parasitic protozoan infections in the immunocompromised patients from resin-embedded tissue biopsies. Electron microscopy can also have a useful role in the investigation of certain bacterial infections.Conclusions: Electron microscopy still has much to contribute to the investigation of new and emerging pathogens, and should be perceived as capable of producing different, but equally relevant, information compared to other investigative techniques. It is the application of a combined investigative approach using several different techniques that will further our understanding of new infectious diseases
MONOPSONY POWER IN MULTIPLE INPUT MARKETS: A Nonparametric Approach
Cigarette manufacturers' monopsony power exertion in procuring domestic and imported tobacco is investigated using nonparametric methods. While it is often assumed that tobacco program rents are captured by growers, results indicate the opposite actually occurs. Cigarette manufacturers appear to exert significant monopsony power in the domestic leaf tobacco market and capture a large portion of program rents. Cigarette manufacturers appear to exert monopsony power of much smaller magnitude in the international leaf tobacco market, but with increasing magnitude in more recent years.market power, tobacco, nonparametric, monopsony, imports., International Relations/Trade, L1,
DISTINGUISHING THE SOURCE OF MARKET POWER: AN APPLICATION TO CIGARETTE MANUFACTURING
We compare nonparametric and nonstructural market power tests using data from the cigarette manufacturing industry. Tests are implemented to examine both monopoly and monopsony power exertion by cigarette manufacturers. Results indicate that market power in the tobacco industry, previously attributed to monopoly power exertion, should at least in part be attributed to monopsony market power in the upstream tobacco market.market power, nonparametric, nonstructural, monopsony, monopoly, cigarette manufacturing, Agribusiness,
Sustainable IT at Intel: A Teaching Case
Sustainable IT involves the responsible management of resources (both IT and non-IT) encompassing environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Sustainable IT has the potential to be a significant contributor to an organizations sustainability strategy. In this teaching case, we examine what Intel IT has done to transform its operations with Sustainable IT, resulting in the avoidance of significant CO2 emissions and cost savings. This teaching case challenges the reader to analyze the Sustainable IT capability at Intel. The case includes insights into strategic and operational challenges of planning and managing Sustainable IT
Rangeland surveys : a basis for improved land use
In mis 1988, the Department of Agriculture started a three-year programme to assist pastoralists in the Murchison River catchment to update land management planning of their stations. This Project, which is funded by the National Soil Conservation Program, will use interim results from a recent rangeland survey which has investigated and mapped the grazing recources throughout the region.
Elsewhere in Western Australia\u27s pastoral areas, information on the productive potential of each area - and the management problems inherent for each class of land - are being used to help pastoral managers of Soil Conservation Districts rehabilitate degraded areas. This information will also encourage them to adopt management practices that conserve the land and improve the long-term economic performance of the grazing enterprise
The Changing Environment of Urban Development Policy—Shared Power or Shared Impotence?
In this Article we highlight five recent trends that have profoundly transformed the shared power system of American urban government as it relates to that arena of urban development in which we have been active over the past half-dozen years: transportation
Evaluating the relationship between impervious surfaces within watersheds and coastal water quality on Virginia’s Eastern Shore
The overall objective of this research is to determine the relationship between the percent of a watershed covered by impervious surfaces and water quality in tidal creeks on the Eastern Shore of Virginia in an effort to provide local governments and citizens guidance in developing zoning plans. Our specific objectives were to:
(1) Determine the relationships between percent impervious surface in a watershed and concentrations of suspended sediments, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll a and fecal coliform bacteria in tidal creek headwaters;
(2) Examine these relationships with and without the inclusion of tomato cultivation to determine whether it should be included in the determination of percent impervious surface within a watershed
Collapse and Fragmentation of Molecular Cloud Cores. X. Magnetic Braking of Prolate and Oblate Cores
The collapse and fragmentation of initially prolate and oblate, magnetic
molecular clouds is calculated in three dimensions with a gravitational,
radiative hydrodynamics code. The code includes magnetic field effects in an
approximate manner: magnetic pressure, tension, braking, and ambipolar
diffusion are all modelled. The parameters varied for both the initially
prolate and oblate clouds are the initial degree of central concentration of
the radial density profile, the initial angular velocity, and the efficiency of
magnetic braking (represented by a factor or ). The
oblate cores all collapse to form rings that might be susceptible to
fragmentation into multiple systems. The outcome of the collapse of the prolate
cores depends strongly on the initial density profile. Prolate cores with
central densities 20 times higher than their boundary densities collapse and
fragment into binary or quadruple systems, whereas cores with central densities
100 times higher collapse to form single protostars embedded in bars. The
inclusion of magnetic braking is able to stifle protostellar fragmentation in
the latter set of models, as when identical models were calculated without
magnetic braking (Boss 2002), those cores fragmented into binary protostars.
These models demonstrate the importance of including magnetic fields in studies
of protostellar collapse and fragmentation, and suggest that even when magnetic
fields are included, fragmentation into binary and multiple systems remains as
a possible outcome of protostellar collapse.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures. Astrophysical Journal, in pres
Current Thinking. Understanding the management of major depressive disorder in the UK: a consensus view of current therapeutic methods and guidance for service improvement
Algebraic and Geometric Models for Space Networking
In this paper we introduce some new algebraic and geometric perspectives on
networked space communications. Our main contribution is a novel definition of
a time-varying graph (TVG), defined in terms of a matrix with values in subsets
of the real line P(R). We leverage semi-ring properties of P(R) to model
multi-hop communication in a TVG using matrix multiplication and a truncated
Kleene star. This leads to novel statistics on the communication capacity of
TVGs called lifetime curves, which we generate for large samples of randomly
chosen STARLINK satellites, whose connectivity is modeled over day-long
simulations. Determining when a large subsample of STARLINK is temporally
strongly connected is further analyzed using novel metrics introduced here that
are inspired by topological data analysis (TDA). To better model networking
scenarios between the Earth and Mars, we introduce various semi-rings capable
of modeling propagation delay as well as protocols common to Delay Tolerant
Networking (DTN), such as store-and-forward. Finally, we illustrate the
applicability of zigzag persistence for featurizing different space networks
and demonstrate the efficacy of K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classification for
distinguishing Earth-Mars and Earth-Moon satellite systems using time-varying
topology alone.Comment: 43 pages, 18 figures, comments welcom
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