Comment on ‘‘Coastal Caves in Bahamian Eolian Calcarenites: Differentiating Between Sea Caves and Flank Margin Caves Using Quantitative Morphology’’

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91287/1/Curl_JCKS_Comment-2011.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91287/3/Curl-Permissions_Letter.pd

Perspective: Organic Food Consumption During Pregnancy and the Potential Effects on Maternal and Offspring Health

Pregnancy represents a critical window for both maternal and child health. Previous studies have shown that the consumption of an organic diet during pregnancy can reduce pesticide exposure compared with the consumption of a conventional diet. It is possible that this could, in turn, improve pregnancy outcomes, because maternal pesticide exposure during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications. Organic foods are produced by methods that comply with organic standards, generally restricting the use of agrochemicals, such as synthetic pesticides. In the past few decades, the global demand for organic foods has increased drastically, driven in large part by consumer beliefs that organic foods provide benefits to human health. However, the effects of organic food consumption during pregnancy on maternal and child health have not been established. This narrative review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the consumption of organic foods during pregnancy and the potential effects on short- and long-term health outcomes in mothers and offspring. We performed a comprehensive literature search and identified studies investigating the association between organic food consumption during pregnancy and health outcomes in mothers and their offspring. The outcomes identified from the literature search included pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and otitis media. Although existing studies suggest that consumption of organic foods (overall or a specific kind) during pregnancy may have health benefits, further investigation to replicate the findings in other populations is needed. Moreover, because these previous studies have all been observational and thus may be limited by the potential for residual confounding and reverse causation, causal inference cannot be established. We argue that the next necessary step in this research is a randomized trial to test the efficacy of organic diet intervention in pregnancy on maternal and offspring health

Does risk tolerance change in response to market changes?

Abstract only.Abstract only. Abstract: This study used the 1992-2006 waves of the Health and Retirement Study to investigate changes in risk tolerance levels over time in response to stock market returns. Findings indicate that risk tolerance tends to increase when market returns increase and decrease when market returns decrease. Individuals who change their risk tolerance in this manner are likely to invest in stocks when prices are high and sell when prices are low. Financial advisors and educators should educate investors to help them overcome the bias of overweighting recent news of market performance

Gender Differences in Self-employment of Older Workers in the United States and New Zealand

This study examined differences in self-employment of workers age 50+ in the United States (N = 3,948) and New Zealand (N = 1,434). Separate logistic regression analyses were conducted by country and gender. For both U.S. men and women, lower income, higher wealth, and having an employed spouse increased the likelihood of self-employment. Older age, lower income, higher wealth, and household composition increased the odds of being self-employed for men in New Zealand. Women in New Zealand were more likely to be self-employed if they were in a blue-collar occupation, had higher household wealth, higher education, and did not receive pension income. Self employment can enable older adults to remain in the labor force longer, thereby fostering continued productivity and engagement

A longitudinal study of website accessibility: Have social work education websites become more accessible?

This study (N = 45 schools) sought to determine the accessibility of baccalaureate social work program websites in 2003 and 2008 using Priority 1 checkpoints from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) 1.0 guidelines. Paired t-test results indicate that the mean accessibility scores of five of the nine items (plus the website accessibility scale as a whole) was statistically higher after five years. However, 75.6% of programs still had one or more Priority 1 accessibility barriers in 2008 and thus did not meet the lowest W3C accessibility guidelines. This highlights the need for more education about barriers to accessibility and methods for making websites more accessible

Reshaping Retirement Policies in Post-Industrial Nations: The Need for Flexibility

Social Security programs in post-industrial nations are facing the need for policy reforms. Fiscal shortfalls in current Social Security programs are a major driving force promoting these reforms. At the same time, changes in longevity and the nature of work and retirement also suggest the need for policy reform. This article begins with a broad overview of some of the policy innovations of the Europe Union as a whole, and then focuses more indepth on policy reforms in three countries that exemplify Esping-Andersen\u27s (1990) typology of welfare states: Sweden, Germany, and Canada. These three countries have passed policies that promote flexibility in retirement for older adults, including gradual retirement , partial retirement , and credit for caregiving activities. Keeping older adults in the labor force longer retains the tax base of contributors into Social Security as well as allowing those who want to stay in the labor force more choice. The reforms are discussed, along with their potential usefulness for future Social Security policy reforms in the United States

Direct thermomagnetic splitting of water

The application of a magnetic field to water tends to cause its decomposition into hydrogen and oxygen. Based upon the thermomagnetochemistry of the phenomenon, a process is suggested for carrying out the reaction and separating the product hydrogen and oxygen. The process would have nearly Carnot efficiency, although the requisite magnetic field (~ 104 tesla) is not at present attainable.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23655/1/0000621.pd

Attitudes of Vocational Home Economics Teachers Toward Death with Implications for Inservice Education

Home Economics Educatio

Note on light transmission through a polydisperse dispersion

No Abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37371/1/690200130_ftp.pd