R.M.S. Franconia, Luncheon Menu, Wednesday, October 23, 1968

Cunard Line, R.M.S. Franconia. Bermuda Cruise. Luncheon Menu, Wenesday, October 23, 1968. Harry de Segh, Captain; J. Sawyer, Hotel Manager; W.K. Ransom, Chef de Cuisine

R.M.S. Franconia, Dinner Menu, Monday, October 21, 1968

Cunard Line, R.M.S. Franconia. Bermuda Cruise. Dinner Menu, Monday, October 21, 1968. Harry de Segh, Captain; J. Sawyer, Hotel Manager; W.K. Ransom, Chef de Cuisine

Maslow’s model of needs: application to Cunard and White Star marketing communications between 1900 and the 1950s

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse Cunard’s marketing communications during a period of significant social and economic change. The intention is to show firstly how the company sought to meet and influence potential passengers understanding of their needs and secondly, how these would be met. Design/methodology/approach Maslow’s model of needs is used as the analytical methodology. Findings Beyond a description and review of Cunard’s marketing communications, Maslow’s model of needs is shown to provide a rationale to the company’s approach. In particular, it gives an understanding of the continued, though changing, use of images of the ship to meet the needs of different cohorts of passengers. It shows how carefully constructed images in both word and picture assuaged passengers concerns over social needs and how the company promised to meet the highest needs, whether that be for the holiday maker or the emigrant. Research Limitations During much of the period under discussion much of the advertising design work was done in house. Whilst none of these files have survived, other sources of information (for example, house magazines and internal correspondence) provide an understanding of Cunard’s attitude to its customers and the business opportunities it saw in a changing market. Where specific dates for documents are not available, a chronology of shipbuilding and use has been applied. Practical implications The paper shows how a well-established model can be used in a different way, adding to our understanding of a company adapting to changing social and economic conditions. Originality/Value As far as the author is aware this is the first time that Maslow’s model has been used explicitly as a tool to analyse marketing communication. Whilst the existing literature includes some discussion of shipping line posters visual content, there is little further discussion of their content or purpose in a changing social context. This paper provides a more structured analytical view

R.M.S. Franconia, Luncheon Menu, Thursday, October 24, 1968

Cunard Line, R.M.S. Franconia. Bermuda Cruise. Luncheon Menu, Thursday, October 24, 1968. Harry de Segh, Captain; J. Sawyer, Hotel Manager; W.K. Ransom, Chef de Cuisine

R.M.S. Franconia, Dinner Menu, Tuesday, October 22, 1968

Cunard Line, R.M.S. Franconia. Bermuda Cruise. Dinner Menu, Tuesday, October 22, 1968. Harry de Segh, Captain; J. Sawyer, Hotel Manager; W.K. Ransom, Chef de Cuisine

A new way to the old world: New York-Mediterranean-Adriatic Service of the Cunard Line.

Università degli Studi di Triest

R.M.S. Franconia, Captain\u27s Farewell Dinner Menu, Thursday, October 24, 1968

Cunard Line, R.M.S. Franconia. Bermuda Cruise. Captain\u27s Farewell Dinner Menu, Thursday, October 24, 1968. Harry de Segh, Captain; J. Sawyer, Hotel Manager; W.K. Ransom, Chef de Cuisine

R.M.S. Franconia, Luncheon Menu, Monday, October 21, 1968

Cunard Line, R.M.S. Franconia. Bermuda Cruise. Luncheon Menu, Monday, October 21, 1968. Harry de Segh, Captain; J. Sawyer, Hotel Manager; W.K. Ransom, Chef de Cuisine

[Photograph 2012.201.B0913.0369]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Mrs. Robert T. Moore, City