Effects of systemic erythropoietin treatment and heterogeneous xenograft in combination on bone regeneration of a critical-size defect in an experimental model

WOS: 000449077700008PubMed ID: 30301650The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of systemic EPO treatment alone or in combination with xenogenic bone graft augmentation on bone regeneration. Eleven adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study. Rats were subjected to bilateral 5 mm critical size bone defects on the parietal bones under general anaesthesia. Right parietal bone defects were augmented with xenogenic bone graft and left parietal bone defect was left empty. Rats were randomly assigned for one of the two groups. One group of rats received (i) vehicle (n = 6) and other group received (ii) EPO (500IU kg/day) (n = 5). EPO treatment was continued for 28 days. Vascularization was analysed by immunohistochemical staining of CD31 (PECAM-1) and new bone formation was histomorphometrically evaluated. Xenogenic graft augmentation enhanced bone formation and vascularization significantly in either vehicle or EPO treated groups (p <0.05). Histomorphometric results of angiogenesis was similar in the EPO treated group and the control group. However, angiogenesis was significantly higher in the combination of systemic EPO treatment with graft augmentation than graft augmentation alone (p <0.01). Graft augmentation for treatment of critical size bone defects seems essential for proper bone healing. Results of the present study suggest that EPO potentiates the regenerative processes of augmented bone defects

An immunohistochemical analysis of the neuroprotective effects of memantine, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and brimonidine after acute ischemia reperfusion injury

Purpose: This study applies treatment methods to rat retinas subjected to acute ischemia reperfusion injury and compares the efficacy of memantine, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, and brimonidine by histopathological examination

The importance of vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rhinitis medicamentosa pathogenesis: An experimental rat model study

Objective. Our aim in this study is to reveal the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) in the pathogenesis of rhinitis medicamentosa (RM), which occurs as a result of the overdose and long-term use of topical nasal decongestants. Methods. In this study, 24 Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, 50 µl of 0.05% oxymetazoline (iliadin® merck) was applied intranasally to each nostril three times a day for 2 months with the help of a micropipette. 50 µl saline was applied to the control group. At the end of the second month, the rats were examined. RM was detected in the experimental group. Then the nasal tissues of the rats were removed and fixed with 10% phosphate buffered neutral formaldehyde (pH=7.4). Nasal tissues were decalcified in Morse's solution (10% sodium citrate and 22.5% formic acid). Histopathological evaluations of the preparations were stained using Masson Trichrome (TCM) and Hematoxylin Eosin (H&E) techniques and immunohistochemical examinations of the preparations were stained with VEGF and iNOS antibodies and photographed using the Leica DM6000B microscope and the Leica Application Suite Program. Results. In the RM group, we found a significant increase in VEGF and iNOS expression in the nasal mucosa compared to the control group (p<0.001). We also observed the main histopathological changes in the nasal mucosa under a light microscope, including squamous metaplasia in the epithelium of the tunica mucosa, submucosal perivascular edema and degeneration of the submucosal glands. Conclusions. According to these results, increased expression levels of VEGF and iNOS play an important role in rebound swelling in RM pathogenesis

Effect of aloe vera on the nasal mucosa in rhinitis medicamentosa: Experimental study

Bu çalışmamızda Aloe veranın rinitis medikamentoza (RM)‘da mukoza üzerindeki etkilerini göstermeyi amaçladık. Yaklaşık 250-300 g ağırlığında 30 adet sağlıklı 6 aylık Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı. Bir hafta boyunca tüm hayvanlar muayene edildi, herhangi bir patoloji saptanmadı. Sıçanlar beş gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1'de 60 gün boyunca her bir burun deliğine 50 μl %0,0 5 oksimetazolin uygulandı. Grup 2'de, Grup 1'in kontrol grubu olarak 60 gün boyunca her gün 50 μl serum fizyolojik uygulandı. Üçüncü, dördüncü ve beşinci gruplara 60 gün boyunca günde üç kez 50 μl %0,05 oksimetazolin verildi. Grup 3, 60. günün sonunda takip eden 15 gün boyunca sadece Aloe vera solüsyonu kullandı. Grup 4'te 60. günün sonunda takip eden 15 gün boyunca sadece mometazon furoat kullanıldı. Grup 5'te tedavi kontrol grubu olarak 60. günün sonunda takip eden 15 gün serum fizyolojik kullanıldı. Nazal mukoza histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Grup 3'te tunika mukozayı oluşturan epitel ve bağ dokusu Grup 2'ye güçlü bir benzerlik göstermiş ve bağ dokusunda ödem ve infiltrasyon düzeyi azalmış izlenmiştir. Grup 4'te tunika mukozanın histolojik özellikleri normale yakındı. Aloe vera yan etkisi olmayan, hem in vitro hem de in vivo antiinflamatuvar etkili bir ajandır. Sonuç olarak Aloe vera'nın RM üzerindeki iyileştirici etkisinin mometazon furoat kadar etkili olduğunu bulduk. Yaptığımız literatür araştırmaları sonucunda, bizim çalışmamız RM’de nazal mukoza üzerine Aloe veranın etkisini ortaya koyan ilk çalışmadır.In the study, we aimed to show the effects of Aloe vera on nasal mucosa in rhinitis medicamentosa (RM). 30 healthy 6-month-old Wistar albino rats weighing approximately 250-300 g were used. For one week a ll animals were examined, no pathology was detected. The rats were divided into five groups. In group 1, 50 μl of 0.05% oxymetazoline was applied to each nostril every day for 60 days. In Group 2, 50 μl of saline was administered every day for 60 days as the control group of Group 1. Third, fourth and fifth groups were given 50 μl of 0.05% oxymetazoline three times a day for 60 days. Group 3 used only Aloe vera solution for the following 15 days at the end of the 60th day. At the end of day 60 in Group 4, only mometasone furoate was used for the following 15 days. In group 5, saline was used for the following 15 days at the end of the 60th day as the treatment control group. Nasal mucosa was evaluated histopathologically. In Group 3, the epithelium and connective tissue forming the tunica mucosa showed a strong similarity to Group 2, and the level of edema and infiltration in the connective tissue was observed to be decreased. Histological features of tunica mucosa were close to normal in Group 4,. As a result, we found that the healing effect of Aloe vera on RM was as effective as mometasone furoate. As a result of our literature research, our study is the first to reveal the effect of Aloe vera on the nasal mucosa in RM

Koroner Arter Baypas Grefti İçin Farklı Yöntemler Kullanılarak Alınan Safen Veninin Apopitotik İndekslerinin Karşılaştırılması

Amaç: Koroner arter grefti olarak kullanılan safen venin hazırlanmasında farklı cerrahi toplama tekniklerikullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı koroner arter baypas greftlemesi (KABG) için kullanılan safen ven hazırlamaişlemlerinden geleneksel yöntem ile “no-touch” tekniği arasında apoptotik indeks açısından farklılığı araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: KABG uygulanan 40 hastada geleneksel ve “no-touch” cerrahi yöntemleri kullanılarak toplanansafen venlerde apopitoz bakılarak prospektif, randomize bir klinik çalışma yapıldı. Toplanan safen ven parçalarıparaformaldehitte bekletilerek tespit edildi. Kriyo cihazı ile 5 mikrometre kalınlığında kesitler alındı. Örnekler modifiyeTUNEL yöntemi ile işaretlenerek apopitotik hücre ölümleri gösterildi. Doku kesitlerindeki TUNEL (+) ve (-) hücrelerStereo Investigator version 7.5 görüntü işleme yazılımı kullanılarak tarafsız ve eşit 100 çerçeveye optik olarakbölünmüş alanlarda sayıldı. Apoptotik indeks; Hücre / Toplam Hücre oranı kullanılarak hesaplandı. Sonuçlar bağımsızgruplarda t testi ile istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Geleneksel yöntem ile “no-touch” tekniği apoptotik indeksleri karşılaştırıldı. Geleneksel tekniğinuygulandığı grubunun apoptotik indeksi “no-touch” tekniği uygulanan diğer gruba göre anlamlı oranda yüksekbulundu. Mekanik ve yapısal koruma venin etrafını kuşatan yastıkçıklar tarafından sağlanmaktadır. Bu yastıkçıklardaapoptotik hücre ölümünün daha az görülmesi safen vendeki doku hasarının daha az olduğunu gösterir.Sonuç: Safen ven grefti hazırlamasında geleneksel yöntem yerine ‘no-touch’ cerrahi tekniğinin tercih edilmesi ile dokuhasarı ve vazospazm oluşumunun azalabileceği ve baypas sonrası greftin açık kalma olasılığının artabileceği sonucunaulaşıldı

Formulation development of Silybum marianum seed extracts and silymarin nanoparticles, and evaluation of hepatoprotective effect

In this study, we formulated silymarin-nanoparticles and assayed their ability to reduce acetaminophen-induced toxicity in vitro and in vivo. After silymarin molecules were encapsulated the loading efficiency and the physicochemical properties of fabricated nanoparticles were investigated by HPLC and DLS analysis. The in vivo hepatoprotective studies were conducted on rats in an optimized setting. The nanoformulation was presented a significant (p ≤ 0.05) hepatoprotective effect by reducing the serum marker enzymes such as AST, and ALT. The histopathological study further confirmed the hepatoprotective activity of the nanoformulations when compared with the acetaminophen-induced, two different silymarin formulations as treatment group and control group. These results indicate that the nano approaches could be used to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the nano-silymarin. The formulation of silymarin-nanoparticles showed a spherical shape with an average diameter between 138.9 nm and 1155 nm, the zeta potential of – 0.0340 mV. The average loading efficiency was found around 32 ± 0.5%.Yeditepe University department of Technology Tranfer Offic

Effects of Glycerol and Sodium Pentaborate Formulation on Prevention of Postoperative Peritoneal Adhesion Formation

Background. Postoperative peritoneal adhesions (PPA) are a serious problem for abdominal surgery. An effective remedy has not been found yet. New formulation of glycerol and sodium pentaborate may be able to solve the problem. Method. Female Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into four equal groups. The adhesion model was created on the caecum anterior wall and covered with 2 ml 0.9% NaCl, 3% glycerol, 3% sodium pentaborate, and 3% glycerol plus 3% sodium pentaborate solutions in the groups, respectively. Two weeks later, the rats were sacrificed. PPA were graded macroscopically and microscopically. Results. Total adhesion scores of the 3% glycerol + 3% sodium pentaborate group were statistically different from the other groups for macroscopic and also microscopic evaluations (p<0.001). Conclusion. 3% glycerol plus 3% sodium pentaborate as a new formulation has preventive effects on PPA with a synergistic mechanism

Sodium pentaborate pentahydrate and pluronic containing hydrogel increases cutaneous wound healing in vitro and in vivo

After a disruption of skin integrity, the body produces an immediate response followed by a functional and comparable regeneration period, referred to as wound healing. Although normal wounds do not need much attention during the healing period, chronic (non-healing) wounds are the major challenge of current dermatological applications. Therefore, developing new, safe, and effective wound healing drugs has always been an attractive area of international research. In the current study, sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (NaB), pluronics (Plu; F68 and F127), and their combinations were investigated for their wound healing activities, using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The results revealed that NaB significantly increased migration capacity and superoxide dismutase activity in primary human fibroblasts. Combinations of optimized concentrations for pluronic block co-polymers further increased cell migration, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of important growth factor and cytokines (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?)). NaB containing hydrogel co-formulated with pluronics was also investigated for their wound healing activities using a full thickness wound model in rats. Macroscopic and histopathological analysis confirmed that wounds in combination gel-treated groups healed faster than those of control groups. NaB/Plu gel application was found to increase wound contraction and collagen deposition in the wound area. Therefore, our results suggest that NaB, and its pluronics combination, could be used in dermatological clinics and be a future solution for chronic wounds. However, further studies should be conducted to explore its exact action of mechanism and effects of this formulation on chronic wounds