Study on rapid detection of degree of freshness of paddy rice in China: Poster

This paper describes research results and progress of rapid detection of the degree of freshness of paddy. We studied the changes of degree of freshness, fat acidity value and taste evaluated value of paddy under different storage conditions in the laboratory. The correlations between the degree of freshness, fat acidity value and taste evaluated value were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the degree of freshnessand fat acidity value. The correlation coefficient was -0.845. The degree of freshness was significantly positively correlated with the taste evaluated value, and most of the correlation coefficients were above 0.9. The nationwide investigation result of paddy’s degree of freshness showed that there was an obvious distinction in the degree of freshness between newly harvested rice and rice harvested in previous years. The degree of distinction of indica rice achieved 85%. Due to its special reasons, japonica rice had a lower degree of distinction, but it also reached 75%.This paper describes research results and progress of rapid detection of the degree of freshness of paddy. We studied the changes of degree of freshness, fat acidity value and taste evaluated value of paddy under different storage conditions in the laboratory. The correlations between the degree of freshness, fat acidity value and taste evaluated value were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the degree of freshnessand fat acidity value. The correlation coefficient was -0.845. The degree of freshness was significantly positively correlated with the taste evaluated value, and most of the correlation coefficients were above 0.9. The nationwide investigation result of paddy’s degree of freshness showed that there was an obvious distinction in the degree of freshness between newly harvested rice and rice harvested in previous years. The degree of distinction of indica rice achieved 85%. Due to its special reasons, japonica rice had a lower degree of distinction, but it also reached 75%

Using publicly available data, a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model and Bayesian simulation to improve arsenic non-cancer dose-response

Publicly available data can potentially examine the relationship between environmental exposure and public health, however, it has not yet been widely applied. Arsenic is of environmental concern, and previous studies mathematically parameterized exposure duration to create a link between duration of exposure and increase in risk. However, since the dose metric emerging from exposure duration is not a linear or explicit variable, it is difficult to address the effects of exposure duration simply by using mathematical functions. To relate cumulative dose metric to public health requires a lifetime physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, yet this model is not available at a population level. In this study, the data from the U.S. total diet study (TDS, 2006–2011) was employed to assess exposure: daily dietary intakes for total arsenic (tAs) and inorganic arsenic (iAs) were estimated to be 0.15 and 0.028 μg/kg/day, respectively. Meanwhile, using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011–2012) data, the fraction of urinary As(III) levels (geometric mean: 0.31 μg/L) in tAs (geometric mean: 7.75 μg/L) was firstly reported to be approximately 4%. Together with Bayesian technique, the assessed exposure and urinary As(III) concentration were input to successfully optimize a lifetime population PBPK model. Finally, this optimized PBPK model was used to derive an oral reference dose (Rfd) of 0.8 μg/kg/day for iAs exposure. Our study also suggests the previous approach (by using mathematical functions to account for exposure duration) may result in a conservative Rfd estimation

CD44s-activated tPA/LRP1-NFκB pathway drives lamellipodia outgrowth in luminal-type breast cancer cells

Some cancer cells migration and metastasis are characterized by the outgrowth of lamellipodia protrusions in which the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Evidence has confirmed that lamellipodia formation could be regulated by various adhesion molecules, such as CD44, and we previously reported that lamellipodia at the leading edge of luminal type breast cancer (BrCa) were enriched with high expression of CD44. In this study, we found that the overexpression of CD44s could promote lamellipodia formation in BrCa cells through inducing tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) upregulation, which was achieved by PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation. Moreover, we revealed that tPA could interact with LDL receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) to activate the downstream NFκB signaling pathway, which in turn facilitate lamellipodia formation. Notably, inhibition of the tPA/LRP1-NFkB signaling cascade could attenuate the CD44s-induced lamellipodia formation. Thus, our findings uncover a novel role of CD44s in driving lamellipodia outgrowth through tPA/LRP1-NFkB axis in luminal BrCa cells that may be helpful for seeking potential therapeutic targets

Study on Coupled Relationship between Urban Air Quality and Land Use in Lanzhou, China

The intensification of global urbanization has exacerbated the negative impact of atmospheric environmental factors in urban areas, thus threatening the sustainability of future urban development. In order to ensure the sustainability of urban atmospheric environments, exploring the changing laws of urban air quality, identifying highly polluted areas in cities, and studying the relationship between air quality and land use have become issues of great concern. Based on AQI data from 340 air quality monitoring stations and urban land use data, this paper uses inverse distance weight (IDW), Getis-Ord Gi*, and a negative binomial regression model to discuss the spatiotemporal variation of air quality in the main urban area of Lanzhou and its relationship with urban land use. The results show that urban air quality has characteristics of temporal and spatial differentiation and spatially has characteristics of agglomeration of cold and hot spots. There is a close relationship between urban land use and air quality. Industrial activities, traffic pollution, and urban construction activities are the most important factors affecting urban air quality. Green spaces can reduce urban pollution. The impact of land use on air quality has a seasonal effect

Corrosion Behavior of Welded Joint of Q690 with CMT Twin

Low alloy steel of Q690 was welded with the method of CMT Twin. The corrosion behavior of welded joint had been investigated using scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) in 3.5% NaCl solution. The research results showed that the appearance of the troostite increased the hardness of the heat affected zone. Furthermore, the corrosion products of different microstructure were identical, and the white products (Fe(OH)2) of welded joint turned into products of rufous (Fe(OH)3). The quantitative information provided by SVET was discussed, and the corrosion degree was measured by some parameters. In comparison with other areas, the corrosion rates of the overheated zone and the base metal were higher. Then, the corrosion resistance of the weld zone with CMT Twin was greatly improved, when compared with that of the base metal. Therefore, Ni has significant influence on corrosion resistance of weld zone. In summary, it can be discovered that the corrosion rates of various zones were related to the welding heat input

Study and Application on Stability Classification of Tunnel Surrounding Rock Based on Uncertainty Measure Theory

Based on uncertainty measure theory, a stability classification and order-arranging model of surrounding rock was established. Considering the practical engineering geologic condition, 5 factors that influence surrounding rock stability were taken into account and uncertainty measure function was obtained based on the in situ data. In this model, uncertainty influence factors were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively based on the real situation; the weight of index was given based on information entropy theory; surrounding rock stability level was judged based on credible degree recognition criterion; and surrounding rock was ordered based on order-arranging criterion. Furthermore, this model was employed to evaluate 5 sections surrounding rock in Dongshan tunnel of Huainan. The results show that uncertainty measure method is reasonable and can have significance for surrounding rock stability evaluation in the future

LYVE-1 enhances the adhesion of HS-578T cells to COS-7 cells via hyaluronan

Purpose: Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE-1), a specific molecular marker for lymph systems, has only one known ligand, hyaluronan (HA). Many studies have reported that HA, on the surface of tumor cells, is associated with the metastatic behavior of cancer cells. The interaction of LYVE-1 with HA may facilitate tumor cell attachment and enhance dissemination of tumor cells to lymph nodes. The aim of this study was to explore the biological function of LYVE-1 and to determine whether the interaction between LYVE-1 and HA was directly involved in the adhesion of tumor cells to lymphatic vessels. Methods: COS-7 cells were transfected with cDNA encoding LYVE-1 and expressed LYVE-1 assembled exogenously added HA. A high HA-expressing breast cancer cell line, HS-578T, was chosen to be the upper layer of cells that adhered to a lower layer of COS-7LYVE-1(+), COS-7pegfp-N1, or COS-7 cells for the adhesion analyses. The mechanism of adhesion was investigated by an experiment in which the HA on the surface of HS-578T cells was digested by Streptomyces hyaluronidase before the HS-578T cells were allowed to adhere to COS-7LYVE-1(+) cells. Results: Results showed that more adhesion was observed between HS-578T and COS-7LYVE-1(+) cells, while less adhesion was observed between HS-578T cells and either COS-7pegfp-N1 or COS-7 cells (p < 0.01). Decreased HA on the HS-578T cell surface could reduce the adhesion of HA-578T cells to COS-7LYVE-1(+) cells.suggesting that this adhesion might be mediated through HA. Conclusion: Our results suggest that LYVE-1 allows the adhesion of tumor cells through the interaction of HA on the tumor cell membrane with LYVE-1

Structural stabilities, electronic structures, photocatalysis and optical properties of γ-GeN and α-SnP monolayers: a first-principles study

Exploring two-dimensional materials with excellent photoelectricity properties is of great theoretical significance and practical value for developing new photocatalysts, electronics and photonic devices. Here, using first-principle calculations, we designed and analyzed systematically a series of α , β and γ phase structures of two-dimensional group IV-V monolayers (IV-V, IV = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; V = N, P, As, Sb, Bi), most of them are semiconductors. Among them, γ -GeN and α -SnP monolayers with thermodynamic and kinetic stability (at 300 K) have been further studied due to their wide range of energy band gaps ( γ -GeN: 2.54 eV, α -SnP:1.34 eV). The two band gaps are greater than the free energy for water splitting (1.23 eV), which are crucial for photocatalytic decomposition of water. The γ -GeN and α -SnP monolayers present excellent photocatalystics properties in pH = 0/7 and pH = 10 environments, respectively. Moreover, both of the monolayers show strong light absorption coefficients greater than 10 ^5 cm ^−1 in the visible and ultraviolet regions. In addition, it is found that the band edge positions and band gap sizes of γ -GeN and α -SnP monolayers can be regulated by biaxial strain. Benefitting from the wide selection of energy band gaps and high absorption coefficients, the γ -GeN and α -SnP monolayers are the next generation of promising candidate materials for photocatalysts, nanoelectronics and optoelectronics

Combination delivery of Adjudin and Doxorubicin via integrating drug conjugation and nanocarrier approaches for the treatment of drug-resistant cancer cells

Combination therapy has been regarded as a potent strategy to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR). In this study, we adopt Adjudin (ADD), a mitochondria inhibitor, and Doxorubicin (DOX), a common chemo-drug, to treat drug-resistant cancer cells (MCF-7/ADR) in combination. Given the different physico-chemical properties of ADD and DOX, we develop a novel drug formulation (ADD–DOX (M)) by integrating drug conjugation and nanocarrier approaches to realize the co-delivery of the two drugs. We demonstrate the conjugation of ADD and DOX via formation of an acid-sensitive hydrazone bond, and then the encapsulation of ADD–DOX conjugates by DSPE-PEG_2000 micelles with high drug encapsulation efficiency and well-controllable drug loading efficiency. The obtained ADD–DOX (M) micelles are found to be stable under physiological conditions, but can rapidly release drugs within acidic environments. Following cellular experiments confirm that ADD–DOX (M) vehicles can be internalized by MCF-7/ADR cancer cells through an endocytic pathway and exist within the moderate acidic endolysosomes, thus accelerating the hydrolysis of ADD–DOX and the release of free ADD and DOX. As a result, the ADD–DOX (M) formulation exhibits an excellent anti-MDR effect. In summary, we for the first time report the combinational use of ADD and DOX with an effective co-delivery strategy for the treatment of MDR cancer cells