3 research outputs found
Regulating Surface Facets of Metallic Aerogel Electrocatalysts by Size-Dependent Localized Ostwald Ripening
It
is well known that the activity and stability of electrocatalysts
are largely dependent on their surface facets. In this work, we have
successfully regulated surface facets of three-dimensional (3D) metallic
Au<sup><i>m</i>‑<i>n</i></sup> aerogels
by salt-induced assembly of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles
(Au NPs) of two different sizes and further size-dependent localized
Ostwald ripening at controlled particle number ratios, where <i>m</i> and <i>n</i> represent the size of Au NPs. In
addition, 3D Au<sup><i>m</i>‑<i>n</i></sup>–Pd aerogels were further synthesized on the basis of Au<sup><i>m</i>‑<i>n</i></sup> aerogels and also
bear controlled surface facets because of the formation of ultrathin
Pd layers on Au<sup><i>m</i>‑<i>n</i></sup> aerogels. Taking the electrooxidation of small organic molecules
(such as methanol and ethanol) by the resulting Au<sup><i>m</i>‑<i>n</i></sup> and Au<sup><i>m</i>‑<i>n</i></sup>–Pd aerogels as examples, it is found that
surface facets of metallic aerogels with excellent performance can
be regulated to realize preferential surface facets for methanol oxidation
and ethanol oxidation, respectively. Moreover, they also indeed simultaneously
bear high activity and excellent stability. Furthermore, their activities
and stability are also highly dependent on the area ratio of active
facets and inactive facets on their surfaces, respectively, and these
ratios are varied via the mismatch of sizes of adjacent NPs. Thus,
this work not only demonstrates the realization of the regulation
of the surface facets of metallic aerogels by size-dependent localized
Ostwald ripening but also will open up a new way to improve electrocatalytic
performance of 3D metallic aerogels by surface regulation
Realizing a Record Photothermal Conversion Efficiency of Spiky Gold Nanoparticles in the Second Near-Infrared Window by Structure-Based Rational Design
The
current technical dilemma for gold nanoparticles as photothermal
(PT) transducers in cancer therapy is that strong absorption in the
second near-infrared (NIR) window is accompanied by strong scattering
of the NIR light, which then overrides the absorption, thus significantly
weakening the light-to-heat conversion efficiency. Here we successfully
prepared spiky gold nanoparticles (spiky Au NPs) with a controlled
number of spikes, designed according to our simulations and experimentally
verified. Their overall sizes and the numbers, lengths, and widths
of the spikes were judiciously adjusted to locate their surface plasmon
resonance peaks in the second NIR window and also to achieve a higher
absorption-to-extinction ratio. As a result, the spiky Au NPs with
optimal size and 6 spikes exhibited a record light-to-heat conversion
efficiency (78.8%) under irradiation by 980 nm light. After surface
PEGylation and conjugation with a lactoferrin (LF) ligand on the resulting
spiky Au NPs, they <i>in vivo</i> displayed long circulation
time (blood circulation half-life of ∼300 min) and high tumor
accumulation due to their larger surface-to-volume ratio. Therefore,
spiky Au NPs allowed complete ablation of tumors without recurrence
merely after 3 min of light irradiation at 980 nm, opening up promising
prospects of cancer photothermal therapy
Realizing a Record Photothermal Conversion Efficiency of Spiky Gold Nanoparticles in the Second Near-Infrared Window by Structure-Based Rational Design
The
current technical dilemma for gold nanoparticles as photothermal
(PT) transducers in cancer therapy is that strong absorption in the
second near-infrared (NIR) window is accompanied by strong scattering
of the NIR light, which then overrides the absorption, thus significantly
weakening the light-to-heat conversion efficiency. Here we successfully
prepared spiky gold nanoparticles (spiky Au NPs) with a controlled
number of spikes, designed according to our simulations and experimentally
verified. Their overall sizes and the numbers, lengths, and widths
of the spikes were judiciously adjusted to locate their surface plasmon
resonance peaks in the second NIR window and also to achieve a higher
absorption-to-extinction ratio. As a result, the spiky Au NPs with
optimal size and 6 spikes exhibited a record light-to-heat conversion
efficiency (78.8%) under irradiation by 980 nm light. After surface
PEGylation and conjugation with a lactoferrin (LF) ligand on the resulting
spiky Au NPs, they <i>in vivo</i> displayed long circulation
time (blood circulation half-life of ∼300 min) and high tumor
accumulation due to their larger surface-to-volume ratio. Therefore,
spiky Au NPs allowed complete ablation of tumors without recurrence
merely after 3 min of light irradiation at 980 nm, opening up promising
prospects of cancer photothermal therapy