532 research outputs found
State intervention, local indebtedness, investment overheating and their systemic background during global crisis in China
This paper focuses on the immediate economic and systemic reasons of steadily increasing local government indebtedness and investment overheating in China. These two phenomena emerged between 2008 and 2011 as a direct consequence of an external shock caused by the global crisis and the subsequent internal reaction in the form of intensified stimulating state intervention. New chances for resource distribution and investments through state intervention mobilized distribution priorities and politically rational economic behavior of actors, characteristic to party-state systems. Locations of mobilization were defined by the decentralized Chinese system specifics along the intertwined institutional party-state structure. Systemic characteristics and its Chinese specifics together resulted in investment overheating, and steadily growing local indebtedness through large and state-owned enterprises and local governments. This process was further amplified by the characteristics of transforming economy in China as actors in the private sphere were mobilized by the increased input demand of those privileged by the systemic priorities of state intervention
Thromboemboliás kockázat pitvarfibrillációban | Risk of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation
Absztrakt
A pitvarfibrilláció növekvő prevalenciájú, az egészségügyi ellátórendszerek
számára egyre súlyosabb terhet jelentő probléma, korunk nagy cardiovascularis
„járványainak” egyike. Kezelése, különösen a szövődményeként kialakuló
thromboembolia megelĹ‘zĂ©se továbbra is jelentĹ‘s kihĂvást jelent az utĂłbbi Ă©vekben
örvendetesen bővülő terápiás lehetőségek ellenére. A jelen összefoglaló a
thromboembolia-kockázat felmérésének és a megelőzésnek azokat a lehetőségeit
foglalja össze, amelyek minden olyan orvos számára fontosak, akik
pitvarfibrilláló beteggel kapcsolatba kerülhetnek. Orv. Hetil., 2016,
157(38), 1511–1515.
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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is considered as one of the cardiovascular pandemics of our
days due to its increasing prevalence and the significant burden on healthcare
systems. Management, especially prevention of thromboembolism associated with
the arrhythmia is still a challenge even with recently available treatment
options. Herein, the author reviews the possibilities of risk stratification and
stroke prevention, which are important to all medical professionals who
potentially encounter patients with this arrhythmia. Orv. Hetil., 2016,
157(38), 1511–1515
Az IPS összehasonlĂtĂł pártállami modell fĹ‘bb fejlĹ‘dĂ©si patternjeinek konkrĂ©t bemutatása Románia, Magyarország Ă©s KĂna pĂ©ldáján, valamint a patternek empirikus tesztelĂ©se KĂnában, megyei szinten. = Concrete demonstration of the developmental patterns of the IPS (Interactive Party-State) model on the example of Romania, Hungary and China, and the empirical testing of the patterns in China on county level.
Ă–sszehasonlĂtĂł kutatásaim eredmĂ©nyĂ©t a Nagydoktori disszertáciĂłm, valamint az AkadĂ©miai KiadĂłnál megjelenĹ‘ könyvem foglalja össze. A disszertáciĂł elsĹ‘ rĂ©szĂ©ben a pártállamok szerkezetĂ©t, annak elemeit, kapcsolĂłdási Ă©s működĂ©si elveit Ărtam le, az egyĂ©ni párt- állami Ă©s gazdasági kölcsönkapcsolatábĂłl kiindulva. Megfogalmaztam a pártállamok önhasonlĂł vonásait, ezen belĂĽl szerkezetĂ©t, működĂ©sĂ©t, ĂşjratermelĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©t, belsĹ‘ csapdáit Ă©s ennek következtĂ©ben elkerĂĽlhetetlen bomlását Ă©s összeomlását. Az önhasonlĂłság mellett az eltĂ©rĂ©sek szerkezeti hátterĂ©t Ă©s ezek következmĂ©nyeit is leĂrtam, a pártállamok ĂşjratermelĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©nek eszközeire, működĂ©sĂ©re Ă©s átalakulására. A felvázolt párt-állami modellt illetve annak három alapvetĹ‘ hatalmi eloszlásábĂłl adĂłdĂł változatát három esettanulmányban is bemutattam, Románia, Magyarország Ă©s KĂna pĂ©ldáján. KĂnában empirikus kutatásra is sor kerĂĽlt, amely a pártállami hálĂł megyei szintű átalakulását kutattam. | Results of my comparative research were summarized in my Academic Doctoral thesis and my book to be published in early 2006. First part of the dissertation describes the structure, elements principles of connection and operation of party-states based on the interrelationship of individual party-state and economic decision-makers. I defined the self-similar traits of party-states and within those, the structure, operation, self-reproduction, internal traps and consequently unavoidable disintegration and collapse of the system. Apart the self-similarity I defined the structural background of the differences, their instruments of self-reproduction and its consequences on the instruments of self-reproduction, its operation and transformation. The model and the three patterns defined within its framework was demonstrated in three case-studies on the example of Romania, Hungary and China. Also an empirical survey conducted in China demonstrated the transformation of the party-state net on county level
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