A theory-based approach to understanding condom errors and problems reported by men attending an STI clinic

The official published version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2008 Springer VerlagWe employed the information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model to guide an investigation of correlates for correct condom use among 278 adult (18–35 years old) male clients attending a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic. An anonymous questionnaire aided by a CD-recording of the questions was administered. Linear Structural Relations Program was used to conduct path analyses of the hypothesized IMB model. Parameter estimates showed that while information did not directly affect behavioral skills, it did have a direct (negative) effect on condom use errors. Motivation had a significant direct (positive) effect on behavioral skills and a significant indirect (positive) effect on condom use errors through behavioral skills. Behavioral skills had a direct (negative) effect on condom use errors. Among men attending a public STI clinic, these findings suggest brief, clinic-based, safer sex programs for men who have sex with women should incorporate activities to convey correct condom use information, instill motivation to use condoms correctly, and directly enhance men’s behavioral skills for correct use of condoms

The historical range of the White-winged Wood-Duck in Indonesia

Details are provided of historical records of Cairina scutulata in Sumatra and Java. There are confirmed records from seven Sumatran provinces and West and Central Java. These records increase the likelihood that populations survive today in Riau, Bengkulu and elsewhere in Sumatra

Research Mentoring and Scientist Identity: Insights from Undergraduates and their Mentors

Background Mentored research apprenticeships are a common feature of academic outreach programs that aim to promote diversity in science fields. The current study tests for links between three forms of mentoring (instrumental, socioemotional, and negative) and the degree to which undergraduates psychologically identify with science. Participants were 66 undergraduate-mentor dyads who worked together in a research apprenticeship. The undergraduate sample was predominantly composed of women, first-generation college students, and members of ethnic groups that are historically underrepresented in science. Results Findings illustrated that undergraduates who reported receiving more instrumental and socioemotional mentoring were higher in scientist identity. Further, mentors who reported engaging in higher levels of negative mentoring had undergraduates with lower scientist identity. Qualitative data from undergraduates’ mentors provided deeper insight into their motivation to become mentors and how they reason about conflict in their mentoring relationships. Conclusions Discussion highlights theoretical implications and details several methodological recommendations

PMI: A Delta Psi(m) Independent Pharmacological Regulator of Mitophagy

Mitophagy is central to mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis and operates via the PINK1/Parkin pathway targeting mitochondria devoid of membrane potential (ΔΨm) to autophagosomes. Although mitophagy is recognized as a fundamental cellular process, selective pharmacologic modulators of mitophagy are almost nonexistent. We developed a compound that increases the expression and signaling of the autophagic adaptor molecule P62/SQSTM1 and forces mitochondria into autophagy. The compound, P62-mediated mitophagy inducer (PMI), activates mitophagy without recruiting Parkin or collapsing ΔΨm and retains activity in cells devoid of a fully functional PINK1/Parkin pathway. PMI drives mitochondria to a process of quality control without compromising the bio-energetic competence of the whole network while exposing just those organelles to be recycled. Thus, PMI circumvents the toxicity and some of the nonspecific effects associated with the abrupt dissipation of ΔΨm by ionophores routinely used to induce mitophagy and represents a prototype pharmacological tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy

Value the Edge: Permaculture as Counterculture in Australia

This paper reconsiders the story of permaculture, developed in Australia in the mid-1970s by Bill Mollison and David Holmgren. This paper considers permaculture as an example of counterculture in Australia. In keeping with permaculture design ecological principles, we argue that today permaculture is best understood as part of an assemblage of design objects, bacteria, economies, humans, plants, technologies, actions, theories, mushrooms, policies, affects, desires, animals, business, material and immaterial labour and politics and that it can be read as contrapuntal rather than as oppositional practice. Contrapuntal insofar as it is not directly oppositional preferring to reframe and reorientate everyday practices. The paper is structured in three parts: in the first one we frame our argument by providing a background to our understanding of counterculture and assemblage; in the second we introduce the beginning of permaculture in its historical context, and in third we propose to consider permaculture as an assemblage

Structure and evolution of the intracratonic Congo Basin

Surface wave tomography, heat flow, and crustal thickness measurements have demonstrated that the thickness of the continental lithosphere varies by at least a factor of 2. Since the thermal time constant of the lithosphere depends upon the square of its thickness, subsidence records of extensional sedimentary basins offer a potential way of extending these observations into the past. Here we examine the Congo basin, a large and iconic intracratonic sedimentary basin in Central Africa. This roughly circular basin covers an area in excess of 1.4 × 106 km2 with more than 5 km thickness of sedimentary rocks, the oldest parts of which are late Precambrian in age. First, we assess the thickness of the lithosphere. We have estimated its thickness across Africa using maps of shear wave velocity obtained by inversion of fundamental and higher-mode surface waveforms. The Congo Basin sits on 220 ± 30 km thick lithosphere and appears to be part of a southern core to the continent encompassing both Archean cratons and Proterozoic mobile belts. This thickness is consistent with published estimates from kimberlites. Reappraisal of legacy seismic reflection images demonstrates that the sedimentary section is underlain by a Late Precambrian rift zone and that the basin is still subsiding today. Subsidence modeling of two deep wells is consistent with uniform extension and cooling of the lithosphere by a factor of 1.2 during latest Precambrian and Cambrian time; we argue that the exceptional 0.55 Ga history of the basin is a direct consequence of the lithospheric thermal time constant being a factor of 4 longer than normal. Today, the basin coincides with a long-wavelength −30 to −40 mGal gravity anomaly. We interpret this gravity anomaly as the surficial manifestation of 400–600 m of recent mantle convective drawdown in response to the onset of upwelling plumes around the flanks of the southern African continent. The alternative explanation, that it is the static manifestation of locally thick lithosphere, is inconsistent with global trends of mantle density depletion. Our interpretation is consistent with fast seismic velocities observed throughout the sublithospheric upper mantle underneath the basin and recent geodynamic modeling

Correlates of Not Using Antiretroviral Therapy Among Transwomen Living with HIV: The Unique Role of Personal Competence

Purpose: This study tested three psychosocial measures for their potential to serve as counseling goals for promoting ART to transgender women living with HIV (TWLH). Methods: Among 69 TWLH, 17.4% were not taking ART; these volunteers were compared to the remainder using multivariate regression analyses. Results: Only one psychosocial measure achieved significance: Personal Competence (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.67–0.97, P = 0.02). Because this was a continuous measure, assessed on a 7-point scale, the protective adjusted odds ratio of 0.80 represents a 20% reduction in the odds of not taking ART for each unit of increase in this construct. Conclusion: Findings suggest a potential counseling goal for TWLH not taking ART

Research for the farmer : annual report of the Missouri Experiment Station, 1946-1947

Cover title

Agricultural research in Missouri : annual report of the Missouri Experiment Station, 1945-1946

Cover title

Teamwork of science and agriculture : annual report of the Missouri Experiment Station, 1944-1945

Cover title