Lorentz Covariance and the Dimensional Crossover of 2d-Antiferromagnets

We derive a lattice $\beta$-function for the 2d-Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model, which allows the lattice interaction couplings of the nonperturbative Quantum Monte Carlo vacuum to be related directly to the zero-temperature fixed points of the nonlinear sigma model in the presence of strong interplanar and spin anisotropies. In addition to the usual renormalization of the gapful disordered state in the vicinity of the quantum critical point, we show that this leads to a chiral doubling of the spectra of excited states

The social geography of childcare: 'making up' the middle class child

Childcare is a condensate of disparate social forces and social processes. It is gendered and classed. It is subject to an excess of policy and political discourse. It is increasingly a focus for commercial exploitation. This is a paper reporting on work in progress in an ESRC funded research project (R000239232) on the choice and provision of pre-school childcare by middle class (service class) families in two contrasting London locations. Drawing on recent work in class analysis the paper examines the relationships between childcare choice, middle class fractions and locality. It suggests that on the evidence of the findings to date, there is some evidence of systematic differences between fractions in terms of values, perspectives and preferences for childcare, but a more powerful case for intra-class similarities, particularly when it comes to putting preferences into practice in the 'making up of a middle class child' through care and education

The transcription factor Gli3 promotes B cell development in fetal liver through repression of Shh

Before birth, B cells develop in the fetal liver (FL). In this study, we show that Gli3 activity in the FL stroma is required for B cell development. In the Gli3-deficient FL, B cell development was reduced at multiple stages, whereas the Sonic hedgehog (Hh [Shh])–deficient FL showed increased B cell development, and Gli3 functioned to repress Shh transcription. Use of a transgenic Hh-reporter mouse showed that Shh signals directly to developing B cells and that Hh pathway activation was increased in developing B cells from Gli3-deficient FLs. RNA sequencing confirmed that Hh-mediated transcription is increased in B-lineage cells from Gli3-deficient FL and showed that these cells expressed reduced levels of B-lineage transcription factors and B cell receptor (BCR)/pre-BCR–signaling genes. Expression of the master regulators of B cell development Ebf1 and Pax5 was reduced in developing B cells from Gli3-deficient FL but increased in Shh-deficient FL, and in vitro Shh treatment or neutralization reduced or increased their expression, respectively

Innovation through Neurodiversity: Diversity is Beneficial

Those experiencing high rapport or strong social connection are more likely to copy each other, or emulate each other’s ideas, either consciously or sub-consciously. In this study, we use this phenomenon to examine whether neurotype match or mismatch impacts degree of imitation in a creative task. We asked 71 participants in neurodiverse pairs (including both autistic and non-autistic participants) and single-neurotype pairs (both autistic or both non-autistic), where one participant builds and one observes, to build the tallest possible tower from dried spaghetti and plasticine. We measured the height of each tower and photographed them to create a stimulus set. We then asked independent raters (n = 351, 62 autistic) to rate towers for degree of similarity. We hypothesised that lower similarity scores would be generated for towers created by people in neurodiverse pairs, showing positive innovation. Results showed towers built in the neurodiverse condition had least similarity, whereas towers built in the autistic and non-autistic conditions were significantly more similar. There was no difference in performance (height of tower) based on condition. Our results are the first to examine creativity within single-neurotype and neurodiverse pairs; they indicate that neurological diversity may be beneficial within a group setting. Subsequent research is required to examine how this interacts with divergent communication styles

Safety of Daptomycin in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90386/1/phco.31.7.665.pd

PROTECT: Relational Safety based Suicide Prevention Training Frameworks

Preventing suicide is a global priority and staff training is a core prevention strategy. However frontline pressures make translating training into better care and better outcomes difficult. The aim of the paper is to highlight challenges in suicide risk assessment and management and introduce training frameworks to assist with mindful practice so professionals can strike a balance between risk and recovery. We combined the scientific literature with contemporary practice from two successful initiatives from Cambridgeshire, UK; 333 – a recovery oriented model of inpatient/community crisis care and PROMISE – a programme to reduce coercion in care by enhancing patient experience. The resulting PROTECT (PROactive deTECTion) frameworks operationalise ongoing practice of relational safety in these programmes. PROTECT is a combination of novel concepts and adaptations of well-established therapeutic approaches. It has four training frameworks: AWARE for reflection on clinical decisions; DESPAIR for assessment; ASPIRE for management; NOTES for documentation. PROTECT aims to improve self-awareness of mental shortcuts, risk taking thresholds and increase rigour through time efficient crosschecks. The training frameworks should support a relational approach to self-harm/suicide risk detection, mitigation and documentation, making care safer and person-centred. The goal is to enthuse practitioners with recovery oriented practice that draws on the strengths of the person in distress and their natural circle of support. It will provide the confidence to engage in participatory approaches to seek out unique individualised solutions to the overwhelming psychological pain of suicidal distress. Future collaborative research with people with lived and carer experience is needed for fine-tuning

The pioneer transcription factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 regulate alternative RNA splicing during thymocyte positive selection.

During positive selection at the transition from CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to single positive (SP) thymocyte, TCR signalling results in appropriate MHC-restriction and signals for survival and progression. We show that the pioneer transcription factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 are required to regulate RNA splicing during positive selection. Foxa1 and Foxa2 had overlapping/compensatory roles. Conditional deletion of both Foxa1 and Foxa2 from DP thymocytes reduced positive selection and development of CD4SP, CD8SP and peripheral naïve CD4+T-cells. Foxa1 and Foxa2 regulated expression of many genes encoding splicing-factors and regulators, including Mbnl1, H1f0, Sf3b1, Hnrnpa1, Rnpc3, Prpf4b, Prf40b and Snrpd3. Within the positively selecting CD69+DP cells, alternative RNA splicing was dysregulated in the double Foxa1/Foxa2 conditional knockout, leading to >850 differentially used exons (DEU). Many genes important for this stage of T-cell development (Ikzf1-3, Ptprc, Stat5a, Stat5b, Cd28, Tcf7) and splicing-factors (Hnrnpab, Hnrnpa2b1, Hnrnpu, Hnrnpul1, Prpf8) showed multiple DEU. Thus Foxa1 and Foxa2 are required during positive selection to regulate alternative splicing of genes essential for T-cell development, and that by also regulating splicing of splicing-factors, they exert widespread control of alternative splicing

The transcriptional repressor Bcl6 promotes pre-TCR induced differentiation to CD4+CD8+ thymocyte and attenuates Notch1 activation

Pre-TCR signal transduction is required for developing thymocytes to differentiate from CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) to CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) cell. Notch signalling is required for T-cell fate specification and must be maintained throughout β-selection, but inappropriate Notch activation in DN4 and DP cells is oncogenic. Here, we show that pre-TCR signalling leads to increased expression of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6 and that Bcl6 is required for differentiation to DP. Conditional deletion of Bcl6 from thymocytes reduced pre-TCR-induced differentiation to DP cell, disrupted expansion and enrichment of icTCRβ+ cells within the DN population and increased DN4 cell death. It also increased Notch1 activation and Notch-mediated transcription in the DP population. Thus, Bcl6 is required in thymocyte development for efficient differentiation from DN3 to DP cell and to attenuate Notch1 activation in DP cells. Given the importance of inappropriate NOTCH1 signalling in T-ALL, and the involvement of Bcl6 in other types of leukaemia, this study is important to our understanding of T-ALL

Not in my back yard! Sports stadia location and the property market

In recent years sports stadia have been built in the UK, not only for their intended sporting purpose but with the twin aim of stimulating economic and physical regeneration. However, proposals to locate stadia in urban areas often prompt a negative reaction from local communities, fearing a decline in property prices. This paper will use a case study of the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff and the City of Manchester Stadium to illustrate that in contrast to this widely held belief, sports stadia can actually enhance the value of residential property. Furthermore, it will argue that stadia also contribute indirectly to property value through the creation of pride, confidence and enhanced image of an area.</p