5 research outputs found
REBENT - Atlas de cartes d'habitats historiques - RĂ©seau Benthique. Edition 2011
Ce document prĂ©sente un atlas relativement exhaustif de cartes dâhabitats concernant les façades Manche et Atlantique du littoral français : cartes historiques de peuplements benthiques Ă diverses Ă©chelles et de vĂ©gĂ©tation marine Ă des Ă©chelles variant entre 1/5000 et 1/20000. Ces diffĂ©rentes cartes sont prĂ©sentĂ©es telles quâelles ont Ă©tĂ© publiĂ©es par leurs auteurs respectifs et aussi, dans le cas des cartes Ă petite Ă©chelle, en typologie europĂ©enne normalisĂ©e EUNIS1 (Version 200410). Toutes ces cartes sont disponibles sur le site Web Rebent http://www.rebent.org/ En effet, dans le cadre du projet Rebent, une compilation a permis de recenser des cartographies qui, pour la plupart, rĂ©sultent de campagnes de prospection rĂ©alisĂ©es dans les annĂ©es 60-70. Pendant cette pĂ©riode, un gros effort fut consenti pour Ă©tudier, du point de vue sĂ©dimentaire et biologique, les fonds marins de la Manche et du Golfe de Gascogne. Ces donnĂ©es, systĂ©matiquement intĂ©grĂ©es Ă un SystĂšme dâInformation GĂ©ographique et harmonisĂ©es, couvrent lâessentiel des Eaux territoriales, avec toutefois des lacunes importantes dans les trĂšs petits fonds et la zone de balancement des marĂ©e
Classification EUNIS, SystĂšme dâinformation europĂ©en sur la nature : Traduction française des habitats benthiques des RĂ©gions Atlantique et MĂ©diterranĂ©e. Vol. 2. Habitats subtidaux & complexes dâhabitats
Ce document est une traduction française que lâon espĂšre transcrire au mieux les descriptions dâhabitats de la classification EUNIS. Il vient complĂ©ter la traduction en français des habitats terrestres et dâeau douce rĂ©alisĂ©e par le MNHNâSPN (Louvel et al., 2013). Il a pour objectif de faciliter lâappropriation de cette typologie par les acteurs concernĂ©s (scientifiques, gestionnaires ou bureaux dâĂ©tudes) et favoriser les Ă©changes de connaissance sur la biodiversitĂ© des habitats benthiques en cohĂ©rence avec ce standard. Il sâagit dans ce document du dictionnaire de la typologie EUNIS dans sa version 2007, revue en 2012 pour des modifications des codes de la classification palĂ©arctique et ceux de la classification des habitats marins de la Grande Bretagne. A noter que cette description reste identique pour les habitats communs Ă la version 2004, largement utilisĂ©e comme typologie de rĂ©fĂ©rence, notamment pour la cartographie dâhabitats dans le cadre du Rebent. Lâannexe 8.1 liste les modifications des codes et libellĂ©s par rapport Ă cette version. Seuls les habitats benthiques prĂ©sents ou potentiellement prĂ©sents en France ont Ă©tĂ© traduits. La prĂ©sence en France a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ©e par consultation des experts du domaine ainsi que des documents de rĂ©fĂ©rence (rĂ©fĂ©rentiel national, descriptifs EUNIS, Barcelone, Cartes historiques, âŠ)
Classification EUNIS, SystĂšme dâinformation europĂ©en sur la nature : Traduction française des habitats benthiques des RĂ©gions Atlantique et MĂ©diterranĂ©e. Vol. 1. Habitats Littoraux
Ce document est une traduction française que lâon espĂšre transcrire au mieux les descriptions dâhabitats de la classification EUNIS. Il vient complĂ©ter la traduction en français des habitats terrestres et dâeau douce rĂ©alisĂ©e par le MNHNâSPN (Louvel et al., 2013). Il a pour objectif de faciliter lâappropriation de cette typologie par les acteurs concernĂ©s (scientifiques, gestionnaires ou bureaux dâĂ©tudes) et favoriser les Ă©changes de connaissance sur la biodiversitĂ© des habitats benthiques en cohĂ©rence avec ce standard. Il sâagit dans ce document du dictionnaire de la typologie EUNIS dans sa version 2007, revue en 2012 pour des modifications des codes de la classification palĂ©arctique et ceux de la classification des habitats marins de la Grande Bretagne. A noter que cette description reste identique pour les habitats communs Ă la version 2004, largement utilisĂ©e comme typologie de rĂ©fĂ©rence, notamment pour la cartographie dâhabitats dans le cadre du Rebent. Lâannexe 8.1 liste les modifications des codes et libellĂ©s par rapport Ă cette version. Seuls les habitats benthiques prĂ©sents ou potentiellement prĂ©sents en France ont Ă©tĂ© traduits. La prĂ©sence en France a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ©e par consultation des experts du domaine ainsi que des documents de rĂ©fĂ©rence (rĂ©fĂ©rentiel national, descriptifs EUNIS, Barcelone, Cartes historiques, âŠ)
The Congolobe project, a multidisciplinary study of Congo deep-sea fan lobe complex: Overview of methods, strategies, observations and sampling
The presently active region of the Congo deep-sea fan (around 330 000 km2), called the terminal lobes or lobe complex, covers an area of 2500 km2 at 4700â5100 m water depth and 750â800 km offshore. It is a unique sedimentary area in the world ocean fed by a submarine canyon and a channel-levee system which presently deliver large amounts of organic carbon originating from the Congo River by turbidity currents. This particularity is due to the deep incision of the shelf by the Congo canyon, up to 30 km into the estuary, which funnels the Congo River sediments into the deep-sea. The connection between the river and the canyon is unique for major world rivers.
In 2011, two cruises (WACS leg 2 and Congolobe) were conducted to simultaneously investigate the geology, organic and inorganic geochemistry, and micro- and macro-biology of the terminal lobes of the Congo deep-sea fan. Using this multidisciplinary approach, the morpho-sedimentary features of the lobes were characterized along with the origin and reactivity of organic matter, the recycling and burial of biogenic compounds, the diversity and function of bacterial and archaeal communities within the sediment, and the biodiversity and functioning of the faunal assemblages on the seafloor. Six different sites were selected for this study: Four distributed along the active channel from the lobe complex entrance to the outer rim of the sediment deposition zone, and two positioned cross-axis and at increasing distance from the active channel, thus providing a gradient in turbidite particle delivery and sediment age.
This paper aims to provide the general context of this multidisciplinary study. It describes the general features of the site and the overall sampling strategy and provides the initial habitat observations to guide the other in-depth investigations presented in this special issue. Detailed bathymetry of each sampling site using 0.1 m to 1 m resolution multibeam obtained with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) shows progressive widening and smoothing of the channel-levees with increasing depth and reveals a complex morphology with channel bifurcations, erosional features and massive deposits. Dense ecosystems surveyed in the study area gather high density clusters of two large-sized species of symbiotic Vesicomyidae bivalves and microbial mats. These assemblages, which are rarely observed in sedimentary zones, resemble those based on chemosynthesis at cold-seep sites, such as the active pockmarks encountered along the Congo margin, and share with these sites the dominant vesicomyid species Christineconcha regab. Sedimentation rates estimated in the lobe complex range between 0.5 and 10 cm yrâ1, which is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than values generally encountered at abyssal depths. The bathymetry, faunal assemblages and sedimentation rates make the Congo lobe complex a highly peculiar deep-sea habitat driven by high inputs of terrigenous material delivered by the Congo channel-levee system
High Risk of Anal and Rectal Cancer in Patients With Anal and/or Perianal Crohnâs Disease
International audienceBackground & AimsLittle is known about the magnitude of the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with anal and/or perineal Crohnâs disease. We aimed to assess the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with Crohnâs perianal disease followed up in the Cancers Et Surrisque AssociĂ© aux Maladies Inflammatoires Intestinales En France (CESAME) cohort.MethodsWe collected data from 19,486 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) enrolled in the observational CESAME study in France, from May 2004 through June 2005; 14.9% of participants had past or current anal and/or perianal Crohnâs disease. Subjects were followed up for a median time of 35 months (interquartile range, 29â40 mo). To identify risk factors for anal cancer in the total CESAME population, we performed a case-control study in which participants were matched for age and sex.ResultsAmong the total IBD population, 8 patients developed anal cancer and 14 patients developed rectal cancer. In the subgroup of 2911 patients with past or current anal and/or perianal Crohnâs lesions at cohort entry, 2 developed anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 3 developed perianal fistulaârelated adenocarcinoma, and 6 developed rectal cancer. The corresponding incidence rates were 0.26 per 1000 patient-years for anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 0.38 per 1000 patient-years for perianal fistulaârelated adenocarcinoma, and 0.77 per 1000 patient-years for rectal cancer. Among the 16,575 patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohnâs disease without anal or perianal lesions, the incidence rate of anal cancer was 0.08 per 1000 patient-years and of rectal cancer was 0.21 per 1000 patient-years. Among factors tested by univariate conditional regression (IBD subtype, disease duration, exposure to immune-suppressive therapy, presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions), the presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions at cohort entry was the only factor significantly associated with development of anal cancer (odds ratio, 11.2; 95% CI, 1.18-551.51; P = .03).ConclusionsIn an analysis of data from the CESAME cohort in France, patients with anal and/or perianal Crohnâs disease have a high risk of anal cancer, including perianal fistulaârelated cancer, and a high risk of rectal cancer