Quality evaluation of onion irradiated in Argentina and stored in Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da cebola, cv. Valenciana Sintética 14, irradiada com 60 Gy e transportada por rodovia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, para Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. O lote de cebola irradiada (20 sacos de 20 kg cada) e o lote controle (20 sacos de 20 kg cada) foram armazenados durante seis meses à temperatura ambiente (20ºC a 28ºC) e umidade relativa de 50% a 100%. O controle de qualidade foi feito todo mês, por meio de análises físicas, químicas e sensoriais. O tratamento com radiação reduziu a perda de peso dos bulbos e conservou alta a porcentagem de bulbos comerciáveis sem afetar as propriedades sensoriais. Aos 180 dias de armazenamento, a perda de peso nas amostras não-irradiadas foi de 32%, significativamente maior do que nas amostras irradiadas (13%). A porcentagem de bulbos comerciáveis foi de 92,3% das amostras irradiadas, contra 52,3% das amostras não-irradiadas.The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the onion cultivar Valenciana Sintética 14, irradiated with 60 Gy and sent by road from Buenos Aires, Argentina, to Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The irradiated onion lot (20 bags of 20 kg each) and the control lot (20 bags of 20 kg each) were stored up to six months at 20ºC-28ºC and RH ranging from 50% to 100%. Quality control was made every month by physical, chemical and sensorial analysis. The radiation treatment reduced the weight loss of the bulbs and preserved the high percentage of marketable bulbs without affecting the sensorial properties. After 180 days of storage, the weight loss of unirradiated samples was 32%, significantly higher than irradiated samples (13%). The percentage of marketable bulbs was 92.3% for irradiated samples, and 52.3% for unirradiated samples

Growth inhibition by gamma rays affects lipids and fatty acids in garlic sprouts during storage

Bulbs of cv. Colorado garlic were irradiated at dormancy with a dose of 60 Gy of gamma rays and stored for 8 months, during which period the content and fatty acid composition of phospholipids (PL), glycolipids (GL) and neutral lipids were analyzed on three occasions. No significant changes were observed a few hours after irradiation, but the treatment resulted in a considerable reduction in lipid and fatty acid content 150 and 240 days post-harvest, with a concomitant reduction in the process of sprout growth. In total lipid, all fatty acids including the major linoleic acid (18:2) decreased, the largest decrease being in linolenic acid (18:3). The latter was a relatively minor component of PL (phosphatidylcholine and -ethanolamine) and a major acyl group of GL (monogalactosyl- and digalactosylglycerol). Radioinhibition had the opposite effect on polyunsaturated fatty acids of PL and GL, the 18:3/18:2 ratio decreasing in the former and increasing in the latter. Accretion of lipids and fatty acids is a normal biosynthetic process accompanying sprout growth, and the long-term effects of irradiation are interpreted to reflect a delay or slowing down of such process.Fil: Perez, Monica Beatriz. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Aveldaño, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Croci, Clara Ana. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentin

Morphological changes induced by different dosis of gamma irradiation in garlic sprouts

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different doses of gamma rays applied in dormancy and post-dormancy on garlic bulbs in relation with some morphophysiological parameters. High (commercial) doses cause the complete inhibition of sprouting and mitosis (due to nuclear aberrations). Relatively low doses show no effects on bulbs but doses of 10 Gy applied in post-dormancy reduce sprouting and stop mitosis. This inhibition becomes noticeable from 150 days post-harvest onwards. Exogenous growth regulators can reverse these effects. Results may reinforce the good practice of radioinhibition processes in garlic.Fil: Pellegrini, Cecilia Noemí. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Croci, Clara Ana. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Orioli, Gustavo Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentin