Castles and castle building in town and country

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. © 2005 The Society for Medieval Archaeology and authors. Full details of the original publication are available at: www.maney.co.uk/books/SMA2

Town defences and the making of urban landscapes

Published version reproduced with the permission of the publisher. © Windgather Press 2007

Contested townscapes: the walled city as world heritage

This is the author's post print version of an article accepted for publication in World Archaeology. © 2008 Informa plc. The definitive publisher-authenticated version (Vol.39 (3), September 2007 pp.339-354) is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438240701464822. 18 month embargo by the publisher. Article will be released March 2009.Walled towns and cities feature prominently on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. But, while a fundamental guiding principle of the WHS list is that properties are designated for the benefit of all, these historic walled communities can be conceptualized as a particularly 'dissonant' form of heritage where the past is contested or disputed in the present. Many such places have violent histories and have changed political or national allegiance in the past. Moreover, city walls, while outwardly embracing populations, also inevitably serve to exclude or marginalize other social groups. The identities of walled heritage cities are multi-layered and far from static, being susceptible to re-invention. Tensions and contradictions are also apparent in the fact that heritage agencies work in national contexts on the management of sites that are designated as an international resource, and the agendas of these organizations can mean that certain periods or interpretations of the past are prioritized above others. All these factors present considerable challenges to those responsible for conserving and researching heritage sites that are simultaneously living communities. Against this background, the practicalities and politics of designating and delineating historic walled communities as World Heritage Sites are reviewed, as are strategies for managing the archaeological resource. The paper draws on examples of walled communities inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, with a particular emphasis on Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Key sites include Acre (Israel), vila (Spain), Carcassonne (France), Conwy (United Kingdom), Dubrovnik (Croatia) and Jerusalem

Comparative Study: The Ethnoarchaeology of Corral Abandonment in the Famorca District

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. © Authors and School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, 2004. Details of the full publication are available at: http://www.le.ac.uk/ar/research/pubs/catalogue.htm

Castle studies and the 'landscape' agenda

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. © The Society for Landscape Studies and the individual authors 2004.The growth in interest in the wider settlement settings and landscape contexts of medieval castles is reviewed. While overtly militaristic approaches to castle study sometimes ensured that sites were frequently examined in isolation from their surroundings, some early scholars were aware of the importance of viewing castles in their wider contexts. From the 1970s onwards, excavation, survey and settlement studies have all made a decisive contribution to our enhanced understanding of the ‘landscape’ dimension of medieval fortification. Changing approaches to the study of Norman castles, in particular, are explored, and recommendations for future study are identified

Contested identities: the dissonant heritage of European town walls and walled towns

This is the author's post-print version of an article accepted for publication in International Journal of Heritage Studies. © 2008 Informa plc. The definitive publisher-authenticated version (Vol.12 (3), May 2006, pp.234-254) is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13527250600604498Town walls have always played a critical role in shaping the identities and images of the communities they embrace. Today, the surviving fabric of urban defences is a feature of heritage holding great potential as a cultural resource but in management terms one that poses substantial challenges, both practical and philosophical. Town walls can be conceptualised as a 'dissonant' form of heritage whose value is contested between different interest groups and whose meanings are not static but can be rewritten. Evidence is gathered from walled towns across Europe, including member towns of the WTFC (Walled Towns Friendship Circle) and inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Sites, to explore the cyclical biographies of town walls in their transformation from civic monuments, through phases of neglect, decay and destruction to their current status as cherished cultural resources. To explore this area of interface between archaeology and tourism studies, the varying attitudes of populations and heritage agencies to walled heritage are reviewed through examination of policies of conservation, preservation, presentation and restoration. Areas of commonality and contrast are thus identified

Post-abandonment corral sequences

Reproduced with permission of the publisher

The process of abandonment of the corrals at the district of Famorca: an etnoarchaeological analysis of its effect on the material whole.

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. Details of the publication are available at: http://www.ajualcoi.org/wmuseu/valencia/publicaciones.ht

Peopling polite landscapes: community and heritage at Poltimore, Devon

© 2013 The Author(s). Published by Routledge. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.Poltimore House, near Exeter, Devon, was the seat of the Bampfylde family from the mid-sixteenth century until the 1920s. The AHRC-funded knowledge transfer project ‘Community and Landscape: Transforming Access to the Heritage of the Poltimore Estate’ researched the changing relationship between house and setting through a public heritage initiative that promoted the co-creation of knowledge with local groups. Research techniques included analysis of maps, estate records and pictorial sources; geophysical and earthwork survey; test-pitting; and fieldwalking. The designed landscape around the house went through a series of previously unknown iterations as the park was enlarged and gardens re-designed, while accompanying changes saw roads diverted and farms and estate buildings variously moved, re-built and abandoned. Visual experiences of the house and its surroundings were manipulated in complex ways as different elements of the estate landscape were exhibited to certain audiences but secluded from others at different points in time. The case study demonstrates how the design of a post-medieval estate landscape could be moulded by the ‘personality’ of a local dynasty and mediated by local circumstances. It also shows how integrated archaeological and historical analysis of polite landscapes can reveal antecedent activity and illuminate layers of re-use to these settings.The Arts and Humanities Research Counci

Case Study II: VG4 - Building and Land Use

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. © Authors and School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, 2004. Details of the full publication are available at: http://www.le.ac.uk/ar/research/pubs/catalogue.htm