Land Grant Application- Crane, Joshua (Boston)

Land grant application submitted to the Maine Land Office for Joshua Crane for service in the Revolutionary War.https://digitalmaine.com/revolutionary_war_mass/1101/thumbnail.jp

Effects of Resistance Training Frequency on Muscle Function Adaptations Using a Multiple-Joint Eccentric Training Model

Eccentric resistance training has been shown to be beneficial for improving multiple performance and health metrics. However, recommendations on eccentric training frequency have not been established. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of volume-matched resistance training frequency comparing one versus three training days per week of isokinetic multiple-joint eccentric training on strength and lower body function adaptations during a 4-week training period. METHODS: Thirty recreationally-trained men and women were randomly assigned to either a high frequency (HF), three times per week, or low frequency (LF), once per week, training group for four weeks. A motor-driven isokinetic eccentric dynamometer was used for the training and testing. Eccentric strength and vertical jump (VJ) measures were taken at Pre, Mid (two weeks), and Post (four weeks) intervention. Soreness and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were taken throughout the training period. RESULTS: There was no significant group × trial interaction for eccentric strength or VJ. For eccentric strength, all trials were significantly different from each other. For VJ, there was a main effect for trial such that VJ increased from Pre to Post and Mid to Post but was not different between Pre and Mid. The HF reported significantly lower RPE and soreness compared to the LF condition. CONCLUSIONS: Both HF and LF protocols elicited large and rapid neuromuscular strength adaptations. Eccentric-based workload may be dispersed across the week to allow for reduced soreness and exertion levels without compromising neuromuscular adaptations. Some transfer to functional (VJ) task may also be observed, independent of training frequency

Can Bundled Discounting Increase Consumer Prices Without Excluding Rivals?

Since we abhor suspense, we will quickly answer the question our title poses: No. As a general matter, bundled discounting schemes lower prices to consumers unless they are predatory—that is to say, unless they exclude rivals and thereby permit the bundled discounter to price free of competitive restraint. The corollary of this observation is that bundled discounting is generally pro-competitive and pro-consumer and should only be condemned when it is capable of excluding rivals. We pose and answer this question because it is at the heart of Section VI of Professor Elhauge’s provocative draft article which is the subject of this symposium. In Section VI, Professor Elhauge argues that bundled discounting can have “power effects” identical to conventional tying arrangements irrespective of any exclusionary effect on rivals as well as that cost/revenue tests for bundled discounting perversely immunize the worst bundled discounting schemes—those that represent the highest non-exclusionary price increases to consumers

Can Bundled Discounting Increase Consumer Prices Without Excluding Rivals?

Since we abhor suspense, we will quickly answer the question our title poses: No. As a general matter, bundled discounting schemes lower prices to consumers unless they are predatory—that is to say, unless they exclude rivals and thereby permit the bundled discounter to price free of competitive restraint. The corollary of this observation is that bundled discounting is generally pro-competitive and pro-consumer and should only be condemned when it is capable of excluding rivals. We pose and answer this question because it is at the heart of Section VI of Professor Elhauge’s provocative draft article which is the subject of this symposium. In Section VI, Professor Elhauge argues that bundled discounting can have “power effects” identical to conventional tying arrangements irrespective of any exclusionary effect on rivals as well as that cost/revenue tests for bundled discounting perversely immunize the worst bundled discounting schemes—those that represent the highest non-exclusionary price increases to consumers

Evaluation of Epa Levels I, Ii, and Iii Assessments and the Effects of Land Use on Wetland Communities

Effective tools are needed to monitor and assess wetland ecosystems. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a three level framework that includes landscape assessments (Level I), rapid assessments (Level II), and intensive surveys of wetland communities (Level III). The EPA conducted a national wetland condition assessment in 2011 using a new rapid assessment method (USA-RAM) that was not calibrated to specific regions. The objectives of this study were to compare the relationships between USA-RAM to the Level I and III assessments, analyze the influence of spatial scale on Level I analysis, and determine whether within-wetland or landscape features were more important in structuring macroinvertebrate communities. Plant communities from 22 wetlands of varying levels of landscape disturbance were surveyed in 2012 and 2013 and macroinvertebrate communities were surveyed twice in the 2013. Each wetland was assessed using USA-RAM. I analyzed land use in the buffer surrounding each wetland using the 2012 CropScape dataset at four spatial scales (100m, 300m, 500m, and 1000m). I found significant relationships between Level I assessments (e.g., the Landscape Development Intensity index) and the Level II assessment (USA-RAM) with the strongest relationships occurring within the 100m buffer around the wetlands. This is an important finding suggesting that computer assessments of the buffer can be used to predict stressors to wetlands. However, there were no significant relationships between the Level I and either the Level II (USA-RAM) or the Level III (plant and macroinvertebrate) assessments. Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) showed that land use within the 100m buffer explained the most variation among plant communities, while the 300m buffer explained the most variation among the aquatic insect genera. Land use explained more of the variation in aquatic insect genera than within-wetland variables, showing that even relatively less mobile and smaller taxa (as compared to waterfowl or muskrats) are affected by land use disturbances. Combined, my results suggest that land use can predict wetland disturbance as measured by the USA-RAM, but the USA-RAM does not correspond to wetland community condition; therefore the USA-RAM needs to be calibrated and potentially modified to accurately assess wetland community condition in the region.Zoolog

A High Stellar Obliquity in the WASP-7 Exoplanetary System

We measure a tilt of 86+-6 deg between the sky projections of the rotation axis of the WASP-7 star, and the orbital axis of its close-in giant planet. This measurement is based on observations of the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect with the Planet Finder Spectrograph on the Magellan II telescope. The result conforms with the previously noted pattern among hot-Jupiter hosts, namely, that the hosts lacking thick convective envelopes have high obliquities. Because the planet's trajectory crosses a wide range of stellar latitudes, observations of the RM effect can in principle reveal the stellar differential rotation profile; however, with the present data the signal of differential rotation could not be detected. The host star is found to exhibit radial-velocity noise (``stellar jitter') with an amplitude of ~30m/s over a timescale of days.Comment: ApJ accepted, 9 pages, 9 figure

Design of a differential housing and components of differential assembly

Each year the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) holds a competition in Pontiac, Michigan called Formula SAE (FSAE). Each year SAE releases a revised rulebook outlining the constraints of the upcoming year’s competition. The racecar to be designed is an open-wheeled, mid-engine, rear-wheel drive racecar. This year’s Drexel FSAE team has approached us with a project to design a completely symmetrical differential assembly using a Torsen differential. This differential will be mounted to the rear of the engine, placing no stress on the rear chassis of the racecar. This will design will allow a shorter wheelbase and narrower track, as well as bringing the center of gravity of the racecar closer to its centerline. We intent to manufacture a prototype differential assembly and rear chassis for testing and use on the 2005 Drexel Formula SAE racecar

DOPPLER MONITORING OF THE WASP-47 MULTIPLANET SYSTEM

We present precise Doppler observations of WASP-47, a transiting planetary system featuring a hot Jupiter with both inner and outer planetary companions. This system has an unusual architecture and also provides a rare opportunity to measure planet masses in two different ways: the Doppler method, and the analysis of transit-timing variations (TTV). Based on the new Doppler data, obtained with the Planet Finder Spectrograph on the Magellan/Clay 6.5 m telescope, the mass of the hot Jupiter is 370 ± 29[subscript ⊕]. This is consistent with the previous Doppler determination as well as the TTV determination. For the inner planet WASP-47e, the Doppler data lead to a mass of 12.2 ± 3.7[subscript ⊕], in agreement with the TTV-based upper limit of <22 M[subscript ⊕] (95% confidence). For the outer planet WASP-47d, the Doppler mass constraint of 10.4 ± 8.4[subscript ⊕] is consistent with the TTV-based measurement of $15.2[+6.7 over -7.6] M[subscript ⊕].United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Origins Program Grant NNX11AG85G