Little groups of irreps of O(3), SO(3), and the infinite axial subgroups

Little groups are enumerated for the irreps and their components in any basis of O(3) and SO(3) up to rank 9, and for all irreps of C$_{\infty}$, C$_{\infty h}$, C$_{\infty v}$, D$_{\infty}$ and D$_{\infty h}$. The results are obtained by a new chain criterion, which distinguishes massive (rotationally inequivalent) irrep basis functions and allows for multiple branching paths, and are verified by inspection. These results are relevant to the determination of the symmetry of a material from its linear and nonlinear optical properties and to the choices of order parameters for symmetry breaking in liquid crystals.Comment: 28 pages and 3 figure

Spatial Correlation of Conduction Electrons in Metal with Complicated Geometry Of The Fermi Surface

The "density-density" correlation function of conduction electrons in metal is investigated. It is shown, that the asymptotic behaviour of the CF depends on the shape and the local geometry of the Fermi surface. In particular, the exponent of power law which describes the damping of Friedel oscillations at large r (-4 for an isotropic Fermi gas) is determined by local geometry of the FS. The applications of the obtained results to calculations of the CF in a metal near the electron topological transition and of the RKKY exchange integral are considered as well.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures upon request (to appear in J.Phys.:CM, 1993

Spectral properties of interacting magnetoelectric particles

The linear magnetoelectric (ME) effect provides a special route for linking magnetic and electric properties. In microwaves, a local ME effect appears due to the dynamical symmetry breakings of magnetic-dipolar modes (MDMs) in a ferrite disk particle. The fact that for MDMs in a ferrite disk one has evident both classical and quantum-like attributes, puts special demands on the methods used for study of interacting ME particles. A proper model for coupled particles should be based on the spectral characteristics of MDM oscillations and an analysis of the overlap integrals for interacting eigen oscillating ME elements. In this paper, we present theoretical studies of spectral properties of literally coupled of MDM ME disks. We show that there exists the "exchange" mechanism of interaction between the particles, which is distinctive from the magnetostatic interaction between magnetic dipoles. The spectral method proposed in this paper may further the development of a theory of ME "molecules" and realization of local ME composites.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figure

A preliminary investigation into the restorative potential of public aquaria exhibits: a UK student-based study

peerreview_statement: The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope. aims_and_scope_url: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=clar2

Fidelity and the impact of patient safety huddles on teamwork and safety culture: an evaluation of the Huddle Up for Safer Healthcare (HUSH) project.

YesThe Patient Safety Huddle (PSH) is a brief multidisciplinary daily meeting held to discuss threats to patient safety and actions to mitigate risk. Despite growing interest and application of huddles as a mechanism for improving safety, evidence of their impact remains limited. There is also variation in how huddles are conceived and implemented with insufficient focus on their fidelity (the extent to which delivered as planned) and potential ways in which they might influence outcomes. The Huddle Up for Safer Healthcare (HUSH) project attempted to scale up the implementation of patient safety huddles (PSHs) in five hospitals - 92 wards - across three UK NHS Trusts. This paper aims to assess their fidelity, time to embed, and impact on teamwork and safety culture. A multi-method Developmental Evaluation was conducted. The Stages of Implementation Checklist (SIC) was used to determine time taken to embed PSHs. Observations were used to check embedded status and fidelity of PSH. A Teamwork and Safety Climate survey (TSC) was administered at two time-points: pre- and post-embedding. Changes in TSC scores were calculated for Trusts, job role and clinical speciality. Observations confirmed PSHs were embedded in 64 wards. Mean fidelity score was 4.9/9. PSHs frequently demonstrated a 'fear free' space while Statistical Process Control charts and historical harms were routinely omitted. Analysis showed a positive change for the majority (26/27) of TSC questions and the overall safety grade of the ward. PSHs are feasible and effective for improving teamwork and safety culture, especially for nurses. PSH fidelity criteria may need adjusting to include factors deemed most useful by frontline staff. Future work should examine inter-disciplinary and role-based differences in TSC outcomes.The Health Foundation’s Scaling Up Improvement Programme: Round One (2015

Strengthening the Magnetic Interactions in Pseudobinary First-Row Transition Metal Thiocyanates, M(NCS)2.

Understanding the effect of chemical composition on the strength of magnetic interactions is key to the design of magnets with high operating temperatures. The magnetic divalent first-row transition metal (TM) thiocyanates are a class of chemically simple layered molecular frameworks. Here, we report two new members of the family, manganese(II) thiocyanate, Mn(NCS)2, and iron(II) thiocyanate, Fe(NCS)2. Using magnetic susceptibility measurements on these materials and on cobalt(II) thiocyanate and nickel(II) thiocyanate, Co(NCS)2 and Ni(NCS)2, respectively, we identify significantly stronger net antiferromagnetic interactions between the earlier TM ions-a decrease in the Weiss constant, θ, from 29 K for Ni(NCS)2 to -115 K for Mn(NCS)2-a consequence of more diffuse 3d orbitals, increased orbital overlap, and increasing numbers of unpaired t2g electrons. We elucidate the magnetic structures of these materials: Mn(NCS)2, Fe(NCS)2, and Co(NCS)2 order into the same antiferromagnetic commensurate ground state, while Ni(NCS)2 adopts a ground state structure consisting of ferromagnetically ordered layers stacked antiferromagnetically. We show that significantly stronger exchange interactions can be realized in these thiocyanate frameworks by using earlier TMs.EPSRC NPIF 2018 fund Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory NSERC of Canada PGSD fund Trinity College, Cambridge School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham Hobday Fellowship EPSRC Strategic Equipment Grant EP/M000524/

Importance of Correlation Effects on Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe and Ni

We calculate magnetic anisotropy energy of Fe and Ni by taking into account the effects of strong electronic correlations, spin-orbit coupling, and non-collinearity of intra-atomic magnetization. The LDA+U method is used and its equivalence to dynamical mean-field theory in the static limit is emphasized. Both experimental magnitude of MAE and direction of magnetization are predicted correctly near U=4 eV for Ni and U=3.5 eV for Fe. Correlations modify one-electron spectra which are now in better agreement with experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Impact of antigen test target failure and testing strategies on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants

Population testing remains central to COVID-19 control and surveillance, with countries increasingly using antigen tests rather than molecular tests. Here we describe a SARS-CoV-2 variant that escapes N antigen tests due to multiple disruptive amino-acid substitutions in the N protein. By fitting a multistrain compartmental model to genomic and epidemiological data, we show that widespread antigen testing in the Italian region of Veneto favored the undetected spread of the antigen-escape variant compared to the rest of Italy. We highlight novel limitations of widespread antigen testing in the absence of molecular testing for diagnostic or confirmatory purposes. Notably, we find that genomic surveillance systems which rely on antigen population testing to identify samples for sequencing will bias detection of escape antigen test variants. Together, these findings highlight the importance of retaining molecular testing for surveillance purposes, including in contexts where the use of antigen tests is widespread

Ageing Intensifies the Care Needs of Adults Living with Parkinson ’s Disease and their Carers

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder in Australia typically affecting people over the age of 65. Few studies of people living with Parkinson’s disease have estimated current hours of home support and unmet needs. In addition no studies have been found that estimate hours of unmet need in terms of functioning or care arrangements or examined whether these estimates differ depending on the viewpoints of carers and the people living with PD whom they care for. In 2007, we surveyed the home care support needs of adults diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease in Western Australia (WA). The survey revealed that adults living with Parkinson’s disease prefer, and can be supported with, home care support services in lieu of residential care placement. As expected, required services increased as functioning decreased. In addition, unmet needs were found to be greater for those with carers irrespective of their level of functional dependency. Unmet needs for weekly services, for people that require home support services, are estimated at 38, 33, 55 and 47 min for personal care, cleaning, social support, and gardening and home maintenance, respectively. The survey also found that most carers and people living with PD agreed that current levels of different types of home care support including nursing were either adequate or insufficient; some carers preferred more services even if the people living with PD were satisfied and some people living with PD wanted more services even if their carers reported needing no extra help. Respite was used by 29 % of people living with PD with carers with two thirds wanting more opportunities for respite. Of the 71 % of people living with PD with carers who had not used respite, less than half stated that they would like to use respite. The 2007 survey was followed by interviews with a sample of survey respondents at different stages of their disorder. In the interviews, most of the people living with Parkinson’s disease commented that continuing to remain at home depended on the rate of degeneration of their disorder as well as the ability of their carers to continue to care. Most of these people and their careers were living day-to-day with a hope that enough support would be made available if and when they need it. As vocal Baby Boomers age, policymakers would do well to acknowledge the diversity of care needs for people with Parkinson’s disease and address the quantum and type of support to meet these needs