Review of reports associated with systems of the K, P and L reactors at the Savannah River Site

Six reports associated with the structural integrity of several systems of the Savannah River Site reactors are reviewed. The focus is on the materials-related aspects of the reports and no attempt is made to address the stress analysis-related issues

Evaluation of the data available for estimating release rates from commercial low-level waste packages

In this paper, an overview of our findings concerning the distribution of activity within low-level radioactive wastes will be presented. This will begin in a general fashion and consider the distribution of the total activity by each of the following: waste class, waste stream, wasteform, and waste container. A radionuclide specific breakdown by waste class and wasteform follows. The findings are reviewed in terms of performance assessment modeling needs. Finally, we present our conclusions

Cardiovascular-renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statement

OBJECTIVES There is a growing understanding of the complexity of interplay between renal and cardiovascular systems in both health and disease. The medical profession has adopted the term "cardiorenal syndrome" (CRS) to describe the pathophysiological relationship between the kidney and heart in disease. CRS has yet to be formally defined and described by the veterinary profession and its existence and importance in dogs and cats warrant investigation. The CRS Consensus Group, comprising nine veterinary cardiologists and seven nephrologists from Europe and North America, sought to achieve consensus around the definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of dogs and cats with "cardiovascular-renal disorders" (CvRD). To this end, the Delphi formal methodology for defining/building consensus and defining guidelines was utilised. METHODS Following a literature review, 13 candidate statements regarding CvRD in dogs and cats were tested for consensus, using a modified Delphi method. As a new area of interest, well-designed studies, specific to CRS/CvRD, are lacking, particularly in dogs and cats. Hence, while scientific justification of all the recommendations was sought and used when available, recommendations were largely reliant on theory, expert opinion, small clinical studies and extrapolation from data derived from other species. RESULTS Of the 13 statements, 11 achieved consensus and 2 did not. The modified Delphi approach worked well to achieve consensus in an objective manner and to develop initial guidelines for CvRD. DISCUSSION The resultant manuscript describes consensus statements for the definition, classification, diagnosis and management strategies for veterinary patients with CvRD, with an emphasis on the pathological interplay between the two organ systems. By formulating consensus statements regarding CvRD in veterinary medicine, the authors hope to stimulate interest in and advancement of the understanding and management of CvRD in dogs and cats. The use of a formalised method for consensus and guideline development should be considered for other topics in veterinary medicine

Summary of failure analysis activities at Brookhaven National Laboratory

Brookhaven National Laboratory has for many years conducted examinations related to the failures of nuclear materials and components. These examinations included the confirmation of root cause analyses, the determination of the causes of failure, identification of the species that accelerate corrosion, and comparison of the results of nondestructive examinations with those obtained by destructive examination. The results of those examinations, which had previously appeared in various formats (formal and informal reports, journal articles, etc.), have been collected together and summarized in the present report. The report is divided into sections according to the general subject matter (for example, corrosion, fatigue, etc.). Each section presents summaries of the information contained in specific reports and publications, all of which are fully identified as to title, authors, report number or journal reference, date of publication, and FIN number under which the work was performed

Mechanism of Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Chickpea: Role of Oxalic Acid m Leaf Exudate as an Antibiotic Factor

Mechanisms of resistance to Helicoverpa armigera Hübner in chickpea, Cicer arietinum L., were investigated. Inhibition of larval growth occurred in a feeding test using the leaves of chickpea genotypes, which had previously been identified as having resistance to H. armigera. A feeding test using unwashed and washed leaves revealed that the substance responsible for the growth inhibition was water soluble and present on the surface of the leaves. Acid components of the leaf exudate were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Oxalic acid and malic acid were detected as major components in all 4 genotypes that were analyzed. Genotypes resistant to H. armigera accumulated more oxalic acid on the leaves than susceptible genotypes. Oxalic acid showed significant growth inhibition on H. armigera larvae when included in a semi-artificial diet. The accumulation of oxalic acid is considered to be one of the mechanisms of H. arnigera resistance in chickpea. Inhibition of larval growth by oxalic acid was not caused by antifeedant effects but was more likely attributable to antibiosis. Malic acid had no effect on larval growth

Understanding the Underlying Principles of the Short Film

This chapter explores the types of story possible within short films, and how often there can be confusion and uncertainty, particularly amongst student filmmakers, about what a short film really is. In order to better understand this, this chapter outlines a series of underlying principles about short film story design that, we argue, are integral to the initial stages of conceiving such films. Before script development takes place, we argue that realistic thinking about what the short film can deliver in terms of story, characters, scope and dramatic question, will result in a screen work that is not only feasible for student filmmakers to produce, but is also more likely to increase an audience’s emotional engagement with the film. Drawing on a range of multi-award-winning contemporary short films to illustrate these principles, we discuss the relationship between content and form in this genre, leading to a better understanding of the parameters within which a student filmmaker might work. While not presenting these parameters as strict and unbreakable, we argue that knowing what has worked well for others, and what audiences expect from the short film form, provides a solid basis from which to begin conceptualising a short film