Hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia among HIV-infected pregnant women from Latin America and Caribbean countries

The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US National Institutes of Health or the Department of Health and Human Services.Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-08T14:09:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) josehenrique_pilotto_IOC_2014.pdf: 431330 bytes, checksum: a8336627d368ba0512d9a5f379c494dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Westat. Rockville, MD, USA.Westat. Rockville, MD, USA.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Hospital das Clínicas. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Dr. Cecilia Grierson Hospital. Infectious Diseases Unit. Buenos Aires, AR.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.National Institute of Health. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch. Bethesda, MD, USA.National Institute of Health. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch. Bethesda, MD, USA.Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of and risk factors for hypertensive disorders in a cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: Hypertensive disorders (HD) including preeclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E) and pregnancy induced hypertension, and risk factors were evaluated in a cohort of HIV-infected pregnan

GC-MS Profile and Enhancement of Antibiotic Activity by the Essential Oil of Ocotea odorífera and Safrole: Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Efflux Pumps

Considering the evidence that essential oils, as well as safrole, could modulate bacterial growth in different resistant strains, this study aims to characterize the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-modulating properties of the essential oil Ocotea odorífera (EOOO) and safrole against efflux pump (EP)-carrying strains. The EOOO was extracted by hydrodistillation, and the phytochemical analysis was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial and antibiotic-modulating activities of the EOOO and safrole against resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed through the broth microdilution method. The EP-inhibiting potential of safrole in association with ethidium bromide or antibiotics was evaluated using the S. aureus 1199B and K2068 strains, which carry genes encoding efflux proteins associated with antibiotic resistance to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. A reduction in the MIC of ethidium bromide or antibiotics was used as a parameter of EP inhibition. The phytochemical analysis identified 16 different compounds in the EOOO including safrole as the principal constituent. While the EOOO and safrole exerted clinically relevant antibacterial effects against S. aureus only, they potentiated the antibacterial activity of norfloxacin against all strains evaluated by our study. The ethidium bromide and antibiotic assays using the strains of S. aureus SA1119B and K2068, as well as molecular docking analysis, indicated that safrole inhibits the NorA and MepA efflux pumps in S. aureus. In conclusion, Ocotea odorifera and safrole presented promising antibacterial and antibiotic-enhancing properties, which should be explored in the development of drugs to combat antibacterial resistance, especially in strains bearing genes encoding efflux proteins

Action of cholecalciferol and alpha-tocopherol on Staphylococcus aureus efflux pumps

Submitted by Adagilson Silva ([email protected]) on 2017-06-13T19:43:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 27298617 2016 tin-act.pdf: 373418 bytes, checksum: 5674ad4d8b062cd367d34169f62a13a0 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adagilson Silva ([email protected]) on 2017-06-13T19:44:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 27298617 2016 tin-act.pdf: 373418 bytes, checksum: 5674ad4d8b062cd367d34169f62a13a0 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-13T19:44:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 27298617 2016 tin-act.pdf: 373418 bytes, checksum: 5674ad4d8b062cd367d34169f62a13a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Laboratório de Microrganismos Genéticos. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.Universidade Regional do Cariri. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular. Crato, CE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Evolucionária. Departamento de Genética. Recife, PE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Microbiologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Centro Universitário UniLeão Sampaio. Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Aracaju, SE, Brasil.Alpha-tocopherol is one the most abundant and biologically active isoforms of vitamin E. This compound is a potent antioxidant and one of most studied isoforms of vitamin E. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is an important nutrient for calcium homeostasis and bone health, that has also been recognized as a potent modulator of the immune response. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most important causative agent of both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of alpha-tocopherol and cholecalciferol on both S. aureus and multidrug resistant S. aureus efflux pumps. The RN4220 strain has the plasmid pUL5054 that is the carrier of gene that encodes the macrolide resistance protein (an efflux pump) MsrA; the IS-58 strain possesses the TetK tetracycline efflux protein in its genome and the 1199B strain resists to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones via a NorA-mediated mechanism. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by determining the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and a possible inhibition of efflux pumps was associated to a reduction of the MIC. In this work we observed that in the presence of the treatments there was a decrease in the MIC for the RN4220 and IS-58 strains, suggesting that the substances presented an inhibitory effect on the efflux pumps of these strains. Significant efforts have been done to identify efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) from natural sources and, therefore, the antibacterial properties of cholecalciferol and alpha-tocopherol might be attributed to a direct effect on the bacterial cell depending on their amphipathic structure

Essential Oil of Croton ceanothifolius Baill. Potentiates the Effect of Antibiotics against Multiresistant Bacteria

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2020-02-07T16:46:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Araújo, Essential....pdf: 480059 bytes, checksum: fae6482a0731dd97886ba0302a211c87 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2020-02-07T16:59:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Araújo, Essential....pdf: 480059 bytes, checksum: fae6482a0731dd97886ba0302a211c87 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-07T16:59:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araújo, Essential....pdf: 480059 bytes, checksum: fae6482a0731dd97886ba0302a211c87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-01-14Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Federal University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Federal University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Federal University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.Milan State University. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Milan, Italy.Regional University of Cariri. Department of Biological Chemistry. Crato, CE, Brazil.This study is a pioneer in reporting the antibacterial properties of the species Croton ceanothifolius Baill. The genus Croton belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae composed of numerous species with documented biological activities. However, the pharmacological properties of C. ceanothifolius remain poorly understood. The leaves of this plant were submitted to hydrodistillation for essential oil (CcEO) extraction and the phytochemical characterization of the oil was performed by GC/MS. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the CcEO was determined for the evaluation of antibacterial activity against multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The antibiotic-modulating activity of the oil, in combination with antibiotics, was also evaluated. The combination of the CcEO with penicillin, norfloxacin, and gentamicin presented a synergistic effect. This effect was more significant for the association with antibiotics of the quinolone and aminoglycoside classes against Escherichia coli. The association of oil with gentamicin showed better results with regard to the Gram-positive strain. The association of the oil with norfloxacin against P. aeruginosa also showed synergism, but the association with penicillin did not change the effect of this antibiotic. Thus, it is concluded that C. ceanothifolius essential oil selectively potentiates the action of antibiotics against multiresistant strains

Antiulcerogenic Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves of Croton campestris

Croton campestris A. St.-Hill., popularly known as “velame do campo,” is a species native to the savannah area of Northeast Brazil, which is used by traditional communities in folk medicine for variety of health problems, especially detoxification, inflammation, and gastritis. The hydroalcoholic extract of C. campestris leaves (HELCC) was assessed for its antiulcerogenic effect in gastric lesion models and effect on intestinal motility in mice, and possible mechanisms of action were examined. HELCC showed significant gastroprotective action in all models of gastric ulcer evaluated; the results suggest that this action probably involves the nitric oxide pathway. HELCC did not show alteration of intestinal motility in mice. It was also found that C. campestris represents a promising natural source with important biological potential, justifying some of its uses in folk medicine