7 research outputs found

    Les perceptions de L’influence du Genre et du Groupe Social de la Vulnérabilité de Vitellaria paradoxa et de Parkia biglobosa aux Menaces au Burkina

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    L'objectif de cette Ă©tude est d'examiner les connaissances et les perceptions des populations locales en fonction du sexe et de l'origine ethnique sur les facteurs qui constituent une menace sur les deux espèces que sont Vitellaria paradoxa et de Parkia biglobosa et d’en dĂ©terminer leurs causes. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es Ă  travers des entretiens de groupe (focus group discussion) et cela en tenant compte du genre et des groupes ethniques prĂ©sents dans chaque localitĂ©. Au total 15 types de menaces regroupĂ©s en 3 facteurs : Ă©cologique, climatique et anthropique ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s Ă  Bana Bobo, Bana Lamogoya et Yarci par genre et par les diffĂ©rents groupes ethniques. Les femmes ont le plus citĂ© deux (2) des trois (3) principaux facteurs de menaces que sont : les plantes parasites et les attaques parasitaires (insectes et  vers). Les Peulh sont ceux qui ont le plus citĂ© les 3 principaux facteurs de menaces identifiĂ©s. Dans l’ensemble des sites, Vitellaria paradoxa se rĂ©vèle ĂŞtre l’espèce la plus vulnĂ©rable aux menaces comparativement Ă  Parkia biglobosa. L’action de l’homme constitue la cause des menaces anthropiques. Les consĂ©quences qui rĂ©sultent de l’ensemble des menaces sont surtout la faible productivitĂ© et dans le pire des cas, la mortalitĂ© des espèces.   The objective of this study is to investigate knowledge and perception of local populations based on gender and ethnicity about factors that constitute a threat to the two species that are Vitellaria paradoxa and Parkia biglobosa, and to determine their causes. The data were collected through focus group discussions, taking into account the gender and ethnic groups that are present in each locality. A total of 15 types of threats, grouped into three factors: ecological, climatic and anthropic, were identified in Bana Bobo, Bana Lamogoya and Yarci by gender and by the different ethnic groups. Women cited two (2) of the three (3) main threat factors that are: parasitic plants and parasitic attacks (insects and worms).The Fulani were the ones who cited the 3 main threat factors identified. In all the study sites, Vitellaria paradoxa is the species vulnerable to threats than Parkia biglobosa. The action of man constitutes the cause of the anthropic threats. The consequences that result from all the threats are mainly the low productivity and in the worst case, the mortality of the species

    Vulnérabilité des Produits Forestiers non Ligneux 'Vitellaria Paradoxa' et 'Parkia Biglobosa' au Burkina Faso - Une Évaluation des Perceptions de la Population Locale Basée sur le Genre et l'Ethnicité

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    L'objectif de cette Ă©tude est d'enquĂŞter sur les connaissances et la perception des populations locales sur les menaces qui affectent les deux espèces que sont Vitellaria paradoxa et Parkia biglobosa. Le niveau de connaissance et la perception des individus peuvent ĂŞtre affectĂ©s par de nombreux facteurs. Mais la prĂ©sente Ă©tude examine spĂ©cifiquement les effets du genre et de l'ethnicitĂ© sur les connaissances et la perception des populations locales. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© recueillies par le biais de discussions de groupe, avec un Ă©chantillon d'environ 100 participants. Les participants ont Ă©tĂ© divisĂ©s en cinq groupes sur la base des groupes ethniques rencontrĂ©s dans chacun des sites d'Ă©tude. Ainsi, les groupes suivants ont Ă©tĂ© formĂ©s : le groupe Mossi Ă  Yarci (la population est composĂ©e uniquement de Mossi), les groupes Sambla et Mossi Ă  Bana Lamogoya, et les groupes Bobo et Fulani Ă  Bana Bobo. Cela donne un total de cinq groupes dans les trois sites. Dans chacun de ces cinq groupes ethniques, il a Ă©tĂ© constituĂ© un groupe de femmes et un groupe d'hommes. Un total de 15 types de menaces, regroupĂ©s en trois facteurs : Ă©cologique, climatique et anthropique, ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s Ă  Bana Bobo, Bana Lamogoya et Yarci par sexe et par les diffĂ©rents groupes ethniques. Les femmes ont citĂ© deux (2) des trois (3) principaux facteurs de menace que sont : les plantes parasites et les attaques parasitaires (insectes et vers). Les Peuls sont ceux qui ont citĂ© les 3 principaux facteurs de menace identifiĂ©s. Dans tous les sites Ă©tudiĂ©s, Vitellaria paradoxa est perçu comme l'espèce la plus vulnĂ©rable aux menaces comparativement Ă  Parkia biglobosa. Les recherches futures devraient se concentrer sur les perceptions des participants des manifestations et les consĂ©quences des menaces sur les arbres. Il sera Ă©galement judicieux d'explorer les mĂ©thodes de lutte que les producteurs dĂ©veloppent Ă  leur niveau. Les connaissances locales peuvent constituer un point de dĂ©part prĂ©cieux pour la recherche appliquĂ©e.   The objective of this study is to investigate knowledge and perception of local populations about the threats that affect the two species that are Vitellaria paradoxa and Parkia biglobosa. Individual knowledge level and perception may be affected by many factors. But the present study specifically examines the effects of gender and ethnicity on knowledge and perception of local people. The data were collected through focus group discussions, with a sample of approximparticipants. The participants were divided into five groups based on the ethnic groups encountered in each of the study site. Thus, the following groups were formed: the Mossi group in Yarci (the population is composed solely of Mossi), the Sambla and Mossi groups in Bana Lamogoya, and the Bobo and Fulani groups in Bana Bobo. This gives a total of five groups in all three sites. In each of these five ethnic groups, a group of women and a group of men were formed. A total of 15 types of threats, grouped into three factors: ecological, climatic and anthropic, were identified in Bana Bobo, Bana Lamogoya and Yarci by gender and by the different ethnic groups. Women cited two (2) of the three (3) main threat factors that are: parasitic plants and parasitic attacks (insects and worms).The Fulani were the ones who cited the 3 main threat factors identified. In all sites studied, Vitellaria paradoxa is perceived as the most vulnerable species to threats compared to Parkia biglobosa. Future research should focus on participants’ perception of the manifestations and the consequences of these threats to trees. It will also be judicious to explore the methods that the producers are developing to combat threats at their level. Indigenous knowledge can serve as a valuable starting point for applied research

    Les perceptions de L’influence du Genre et du Groupe Social de la Vulnérabilité de Vitellaria paradoxa et de Parkia biglobosa aux Menaces au Burkina

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    L'objectif de cette Ă©tude est d'examiner les connaissances et les perceptions des populations locales en fonction du sexe et de l'origine ethnique sur les facteurs qui constituent une menace sur les deux espèces que sont Vitellaria paradoxa et de Parkia biglobosa et d’en dĂ©terminer leurs causes. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es Ă  travers des entretiens de groupe (focus group discussion) et cela en tenant compte du genre et des groupes ethniques prĂ©sents dans chaque localitĂ©. Au total 15 types de menaces regroupĂ©s en 3 facteurs : Ă©cologique, climatique et anthropique ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s Ă  Bana Bobo, Bana Lamogoya et Yarci par genre et par les diffĂ©rents groupes ethniques. Les femmes ont le plus citĂ© deux (2) des trois (3) principaux facteurs de menaces que sont : les plantes parasites et les attaques parasitaires (insectes et  vers). Les Peulh sont ceux qui ont le plus citĂ© les 3 principaux facteurs de menaces identifiĂ©s. Dans l’ensemble des sites, Vitellaria paradoxa se rĂ©vèle ĂŞtre l’espèce la plus vulnĂ©rable aux menaces comparativement Ă  Parkia biglobosa. L’action de l’homme constitue la cause des menaces anthropiques. Les consĂ©quences qui rĂ©sultent de l’ensemble des menaces sont surtout la faible productivitĂ© et dans le pire des cas, la mortalitĂ© des espèces.   The objective of this study is to investigate knowledge and perception of local populations based on gender and ethnicity about factors that constitute a threat to the two species that are Vitellaria paradoxa and Parkia biglobosa, and to determine their causes. The data were collected through focus group discussions, taking into account the gender and ethnic groups that are present in each locality. A total of 15 types of threats, grouped into three factors: ecological, climatic and anthropic, were identified in Bana Bobo, Bana Lamogoya and Yarci by gender and by the different ethnic groups. Women cited two (2) of the three (3) main threat factors that are: parasitic plants and parasitic attacks (insects and worms).The Fulani were the ones who cited the 3 main threat factors identified. In all the study sites, Vitellaria paradoxa is the species vulnerable to threats than Parkia biglobosa. The action of man constitutes the cause of the anthropic threats. The consequences that result from all the threats are mainly the low productivity and in the worst case, the mortality of the species

    Régénération assistée du karité (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.) dans les parcs agroforestiers au Burkina Faso

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    Le karité (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.) présente une importance sociale, culturelle, économique et alimentaire pour le Burkina Faso où il occupe la quatrième place dans les produits d’exportation. La pérennité de cette espèce dont les populations rurales sont tributaires, est compromise par de multiples phénomènes dont le manque de régénération, les pratiques culturales et la coupe abusive du bois pour satisfaire les besoins énergétiques. L’objectif de cette étude est de proposer des méthodes adéquates pour rajeunir les parcs à karité au Burkina Faso. Cinq sites de recherche ont été choisis suivant un gradient phytogéographique : Sobaka, Noumoudara et Kakoumana (secteur sud soudanien), Gonsé (secteur nord soudanien) et Bouria (secteur sub sahélien). Les essais effectués dans chaque parcelle choisie, ont comporté trois répétitions et 7 traitements, représentés par les différentes techniques de régénération (plantation, transplantation, semis direct libre, semis dans les buissons, régénération naturelle assistéeRNA-, induction de drageon, induction de pousse adventive). Les résultats indiquent que le taux de survie de la régénération naturelle assistée est audessus de 70% après deux années de suivi. Les plantations et les semis directs dans les buissons sont aussi des techniques efficaces pour la régénération/restauration des parcs à karité, avec respectivement des taux de survie de 13,33% et 6,67% dans le secteur sub sahélien, 12,22% et 6% dans le nord soudanien, et 55,56% et 25,33% dans le sud soudanien après la troisième année de suivi. En conclusion, la régénération assistée est la technique la plus efficiente pour restaurer les parcs à karité. The Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.) is of enormous social, cultural, economic and nutritional importance for Burkina Faso where it ranks fourth in exports. The sustainability of this species on which rural populations depend is compromised by multiple phenomena, including the lack of regeneration of shea tree and the abusive cutting of wood to meet energy needs. This work aimed to propose adequate methods for rejuvenating shea parkland in Burkina Faso. Five sites distributed along a phytogeographic gradient were selected for tests : Sobaka, Noumoudara and Kakoumana (South-Sudanian phytogeographic zone), Gonsé (NorthSudanian phytogeographic zone) and Bouria (sub-Sahelian phytogeographic zone). The field trials included three repetitions by regeneration technique (planting, transplanting, direct sowing free, sowing in bushes and assisted natural regeneration -ANR-, sucker induction, induction of adventitious growth). The results indicate that the survival rate of assisted natural regeneration is above 70% after two years of follow-up. Planting and direct seeding in bushes are also effective techniques for the regeneration / restoration of shea tree parks with respectively survival rates of 13.33% and 6.67% in the sub sahelian sector, 12.22% and 6% in north sudanian, and 55.56% and 25.33% in south sudanian, after the third year of monitoring. In conclusion, in order to restore the shea parks, all seedlings regardless of their origins, will need to be assisted i

    Appraisal of the participatory forest management program in southern Burkina Faso

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    In many developing countries there has been a paradigm shift in forest conservation and management strategies, away from State-centred control towards community-based schemes, with twin goals of fostering sustainable forest management and reducing poverty. In Burkina Faso, various policy reforms have been introduced and attempts have been made to devolve use and management rights to local communities since the 1980s. However, it remains questionable whether communities’ participation has yielded the intended improvements in livelihood and good governance. With the aims of providing a platform for developing strategies that promote sustainable forest management, the studies this thesis is based upon examined the participatory forest management program (PFM) in southern Burkina Faso in terms of people’s access to forest products, members’ participation, their perceptions of the program, and challenges associated with early stages of political decentralization. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered through household surveys, focus group discussions and literature reviews. The results show that factors related to decision-making, forest conservation and economic benefits are the most important determinants of participation. Further, the determinants of access to forest resources differed among households, thus local management institutions need to take these variations into account to ensure that the livelihood needs of the poor are met. Despite the decentralization policy in force in the country since 1992, the State Forest Service is still heavily involved in the decision-making process. This considerably limits the active participation of local people. The results also show that, to some extent, participation in forest management activities is influenced by gender, household size, land tenure status, marital status, and forest legislation and implementation of forest laws and regulations. The performance of the PFM groups was found to vary, depending on their proximity to roads and market. Members’ perceptions of the PFM seem to focus on their ability to generate income to support their livelihood, while less emphasis is placed on forest conservation. To enhance the outcome of the forest management program, the following strategies could be considered: securing user rights and empowering forest users by promoting the direct involvement of vulnerable and marginalized groups (women and migrants), increasing participation incentives, and enforcing the decentralization measures after addressing the challenges to enhance good governance and ensure equitable benefit-sharing

    Factors influencing people's participation in the forest management program in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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    In attempts to foster sustainable forest management practices, participation of local communities has become widely recognized as a better alternative than the traditional protectionist approach. This paper analyzed factors influencing local people's participation in forest management program in Sissili and Ziro provinces, southern Burkina Faso based on data collected through a household survey of 165 members of forest management groups using factor analysis and multiple regression. Factor analysis resulted in a three-factor solution, which accounted for 64.82% of the total variance. Participation in decision-making, followed by participation in forest conservation and economic benefits were found to be the main factors influencing participation in the forest management program. Gender, household size, income source, land tenure status and technical assistance also appeared to influence members' participation in the program. The results indicate that participatory management program can be enhanced by changing the administrative structure of forest management groups in order to empower members in decision-making processes. In addition, increasing women's participation and more equitable benefit-sharing among user groups are essential in improving the success of the participatory forest management program. Thus, policies reforms to improve the structure of the forest management groups and to establish equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms are essential to improve the participation of local people in the forest management program and, hence, require immediate attention.Community forest management Collective action Participation Forest governance
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