Gestión integral de residuos sólidos como herramienta para la optimización del servicio de limpieza pública

In present it investigation describes like the integral step of solid residues the service of public offered cleanliness optimizes two Provincial Municipality of Mayo at the city of The Union, Huanuco Peru's Apartment, the research work enabled minimizing the pollution at the city of The Union, the activity of work developed in the bibliographic compilation, work of field and data processing obtained at field, for which presented a working hypothesis, the examined results itself they evidence that the Integral Step of the Solid Residues is a tool what if you optimize the service of Public confirmed cleanliness in present it investigation, in the realized studies allowed registering the impact of the handling of solid residues, the data acquisition of solid residues recollected of the district of The union. It allowed registering the weights of the domiciliary residues in a weighted average of quantities obtained by each neighborhood that the inhabitant for domicile, in terms of inhabitants' quantity generates generation's coefficient percapita of solid residues the bibliographic revision, between another one comes from 0,644kg/hab day, with a volume generated by person of 0.22m3, you allowed leading this conclusion.En la presente investigación describe como la gestión integral de residuos sólidos optimiza el servicio de limpieza pública brindado por la Municipalidad Provincial de Dos de Mayo en la ciudad de La Unión, Departamento de Huanuco-Peru, el trabajo de investigacion permitió minimizar la contaminación del medio ambiente en la ciudad de La Unión, la actividad de trabajo se desarrolló en la recopilación bibliográfica, trabajo de campo y procesamiento de datos obtenidos en campo, para lo cual se planteó una hipótesis de trabajo, los resultados analizados evidencian que la Gestión Integral de los Residuos Sólidos es una herramienta que si optimiza el servicio de limpieza pública demostrada en la presente investigación, en los estudios realizados permitió registrar el impacto del manejo de residuos sólidos, la obtención de datos de residuos sólidos recolectados del distrito de La unión. Permitió registrar los pesos de los residuos domiciliarios en un promedio ponderado de cantidades obtenidas por cada barrio que genera el habitante por domicilio, en función de la cantidad de habitantes el coeficiente de generación percapita de residuos sólidos es de 0,644kg/hab/día, con un volumen generado por persona de 0.22m3, la revisión bibliográfica, entre otras nos permitió arribar a esta conclusión

“Mutagenic Dosimetry in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandifloras L.) with Sodium Azide”

Esta investigación se realizó en la Comunidad Número Ocho, en distrito de Acobamba, región Huancavelica. El experimento se llevó a cabo en un ambiente protegido (invernadero rustico). El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del agente mutagénico azida sódico para inducir mutaciones en los bulbos de gladiolo. El experimento se realizó utilizando el diseño estadístico DCA (Diseño Completamente al Azar), con nueve tratamientos y con 4 repeticiones por tratamiento. Cada unidad experimental estuvo conformada por 5 bulbos, cada uno se evaluó emergencia de plántulas, altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, longitud de raíz, numero de foliolos. Asimismo, se empleó la prueba de comparación múltiple de Duncan manteniendo un nivel de significación de 5% para los promedios de las variables cuantitativas y se determinaron las medidas de centralización y de dispersión para evaluar los valores mínimos y máximos, así como para interpretar el coeficiente de variación. El efecto promedio de la azida de sodio en la estimulación o inhibición de caracteres morfológicos de las plantas se observó que el promedio más alto (10.17) se logró con la dosis de 3.0 mM. Los valores más bajos se encontraron con la dosis de 3.5 Mm (2.80) y el testigo Buffer (2.69). La dosis óptima de azida de sodio que provoca efectos los deseados en plantas de gladiolo fue de 3.0 mM.This research was carried out in the comunidad numeri ocho, in the district of Acobamba, Huancavelica region. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment (rustic greenhouse). The objective was to evaluate the effect of the mutagenic agent sodium azide to induce mutations in gladiolus bulbs. The experiment was conducted using the statistical design DCA (Completely Randomized Design), with nine treatments and with 4 repetitions per treatment. Each experimental unit was conformed by 5 bulbs each one, it was evaluated seedling emergence, plant height, stem diameter, root length, number of leaflets. Also, it was used Duncan's multiple comparison test maintaining a significance level of 5% the averages of the quantitative variables and there were determined the centralization and dispersion measures to evaluate the minimum and maximum values, as well as to interpret the variation coefficient. The average effect of sodium azide in the stimulation or inhibition of morphological characters of plants was observed that the highest average (10.17) was achieved with the dose of 3.0 mM. The lowest values were found with the dose of 3.5 Mm (2.80) and the Buffer control (2.69). The optimal dose of sodium azide causing desired effects in gladiolus plants was 3.0 mM

Effects of the Behavior of two natural enemies to reduce populations of (heliothis zea) in the Corn Corn crop

La presencia de plagas en el cultivo del Maíz en su etapa de choclo ha causado pérdidas económicas en el Perú. El estudio surge como objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de dos predadores en estudio en control de Heliothis zea. en el cultivo de maíz, comparar la efectividad de dos enemigos naturales del Heliothis zea; Para ello se seleccionaron tres lotes de maíz variedad San Jerónimo, en etapas de floración, maduración para evaluar porcentajes de predacion de insectos en estudio fenológicas, Las observaciones en campo se realizó cada 10 días, teniendo presencia de predadores de Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Los estados inmaduros del mazorquero (Heliothis zea). Se evaluaron en tres etapas floración, fructificación y maduración. Los resultados encontrados de predacion Coleomegilla maculata y Orius insidiosus, La etapa de floración el C. maculata tiene un 13.71 % en los diferentes estados del Heliothis zea, siendo menor porcentaje 12.71 % de Orius insidiosus esto se debe a que C. maculata tiene mayor actividad en estadios larvales, La etapa de maduración C. maculata alcanza 24.71 % y Orius insidiosus 26.71%. El porcentaje de predacion de insectos en estudio mostraron mayor actividad predatora el Orius insidiosus, C. maculata y Orius insidiosus en la etapa de floración del cultivo de maíz.The presence of pests in the cultivation of maize in its choclo stage has caused economic losses in Peru. The study aims to: Evaluate the effectiveness of two predators under study in control of Heliothis zea. in maize cultivation, compare the effectiveness of two natural enemies of Heliothis zea; For this purpose, three batches of maize variety Saint Jerome were selected, in flowering stages, maturation to evaluate percentages of predation of insects in phenological study, Observations in the field was made every 10 days, having the presence of predators of Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). The immature states of the mazorquero (Heliothis zea). They were evaluated in three stages flowering, fruiting and maturation. The results found from predation Coleomegilla maculata and Orius insidiosus, the flowering stage C. maculata has 13.71 % in the different states of Heliothis zea, being less percentage 12.71 % of Orius insidiosus this is because C. maculata has greater activity in larval stages, the maturation stage C. maculata reaches 24.71 % and Orius insidiosus 26.71%. The percentage of predation of insects under study showed increased predatory activity in Orius insidiosus, C. maculata and Orius insidiosus at the flowering stage of maize cultivation

"Application of Essential Oil of Cinnamon (cinnamomum verum) and Clove (syzygium aromaticum) in the edible coverage and shelf life of the Strawberry (fragaria ananassa)"

El objetivo fue Evaluar el recubrimiento comestible con aceites esenciales en la conservación de la fresa. (0.025 y 0.05%) y clavo de olor (0.025% y 0.05%) en la cobertura comestible de la fresa (Fragaria ananassa) en base de polímeros constituido por almidón, gelatina y glicerina, obteniéndose como tratamientos (C1, C2, C3 y C4) prolongar la vida útil de fresa a          temperaturas de refrigeración (2°C), ambientes por 0, 3, 6, 10, 12 y 14 días. Metodología el estudio involucro la extracción de aceites esenciales mediante destilación arrastre con vapor, evaluación fisicoquímica (°Brix, pH, acidez, humedad, textura, ceniza), sensorial (color, sabor y olor) y    microbiológica (recuento de mohos y levaduras). Resultados la concentración de cobertura comestible en fresas fue tratamiento C4, menor porcentaje en pérdida de peso (30.71%) a 14 días a 2ºC. El análisis fisicoquímico reportó en fresas un contenido de solidos solubles (9.02°Brix), pH (3.43), acidez (1.21g/100ml), humedad (84.48%), textura (137g), ceniza (96.16%). En sensorial (color, sabor y olor) el tratamiento C4, tuvo atributo agradable de resultados microbiológicos resultaron negativo con (0.00*103 ufc/g). Conclusión, el resultado de vida útil de la fresa mediante una cobertura comestible con aceites esenciales de canela, clavo de olor reportó variaciones mínimas, parámetros de maduración.The objective was To Evaluate the eatable coating with essential oils in the conservation of the strawberry. (0,025 and 0,05 %) and smell nail (0,025 % and 0,05 % ) in the eatable coverage of the strawberry ( Fragaria ananassa ) in base of polymers constituted by starch, gelatine and glycerine, obteniéndose like treatments ( C1, C2, C3 and C4 ) extending the service life of strawberry to temperatures of refrigeration ( 2 C ), environments for 0, 3, 6, 10, 12 and 14 days. Methodology the study involucre the extraction of essential intervening oils, distillation drag  along with vapor, physicochemical ( Brix, pH, acidity, humidity, texture, ash ), sensorial ( color, taste and smell ) and microbiological evaluation ( score of molds and yeasts ). Results the concentration of eatable coverage in strawberries was treatment C4, minor percentage weight loss (30, 71 %) to 14 days to 2 C. The physicochemical analysis yielded in strawberries a contents of soluble solids ( 9,02 Brix ), pH ( 3,43 ), acidity ( 1.21g/100ml ), humidity ( 84,48 % ), texture ( 137g ), ash ( 96,16 % ). In sensorial (color, taste and smell) the treatment C4, you had pleasant attribute of microbiological results they proved to be minus sign with (0, 00 *103 ufc g). Conclusion, the result of service life of the intervening strawberry an eatable coverage with essential oils of cinnamon, smell nail yielded minimum variations, parameters of maturation

Contamination of Fruits, Soil Water Due to The Use of Agrochemicals in (Passiflora Ligularis), Oxapampa-Peru

The conventional agriculture allowed the farmers being dependent to the mass and frequent use of pesticides, originating contamination of fruits, ground, water of escorrentía. Objective was To Determine the concentration of metals weighed in Passiflora's fruits ligularis produced at grounds and escorrentía's water with remains of metals weighed by intensive agroquímicos's use at Oxapampa's district. Himself I utilize the Experimental Comparative Design No. Determined him Arsénico's concentration, Mercury, Plomo, Cadmio, Cobre in signs collected of fields of production of three (ABC) previous groups you poll farmers. Results: You met the. Arsenic 0.004mg/Kg (Ch1Af), mercury 0,002 mg/Kg (Ab1Af, Ab2Af), lead 0,005 mg/Kg ( Ab1Af ), cadmium 0,004 mg/Kg ( Ab1Af, Ch1Af, PaCf ), copper 0,5 mg/Kg ( Ch2Af ). Ground Arsénico Ch1As, ARP3Cs 0,08 mg/Kg, mercury Ch1As, ARP3Cs, SA2Cs, PaCs 0,08 mg/Kg; I seal with lead Ch1As, ARP2Cs, Ch2As, AcAs, PaCs 0,08 mg/Kg, cadmium Acuzazú AcAs, 0,3 mg/Kg, copper Ab2Bs, Ch1As 30 mg/Kg. Water down of escorrentia; Arsenic SA2Ca 0.005mg/Kg, mercury Ch2Aa 0,008 mg/Kg, lead CaBa, QllAa, Ch3Ba 0,005 mg/Kg, cadmium Ab2Ba, AcAa, SA1Ba 0,004 mg/Kg, copper SA1Ba 1,5 mg/Kg. Conclusion: You had loud moral values of concentration of metals weighed at ground, water, fruits passing the maximum permissible limit

Conversion of lignocellulose biomass to bioenergy through nanobiotechnology

The growing global demand for energy, particularly petroleum-based fuels, has stimulated a long-term quest for an optimal source of sustainable energy. This barrier is removed by lignocellulosic biomass, which is an economical, easily accessible, and renewable fuel source that fits sustainability standards. However, large-scale use of most of the techniques results in significant handling costs and decontamination of the inhibitors released. Taken together, these limits increase the efficacy of present solutions and create a need for the development of a novel, environmentally sustainable, productive, and cost-effective technology for lignocellulose biomass conversion. In this context, the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of lignocellulose biomass to bioenergy exchange has gained significant attention and has been extensively researched in recent years. This review discussed how nanotechnology can be used to turn biomass into energy. It gives new ideas and tools for developing new industries, which will help the economy, grow in the long run. This careful examination will also shed light on some of the minor details surrounding the different ways of biomass conversion previously explored by other experts

Intensifying Effects of Climate Change in Food Loss: A Threat to Food Security in Turkey

Turkey is increasingly concerned about the effects of climate change, weather unpredictability, and severe events on agricultural production, food loss, and livelihoods. Turkey has long struggled against climate variability and catastrophic climatic events to prevent further declines in agricultural output. This study assessed the risk of climate change in Turkey from the perspective of loss in food grains and food security domain considering exposure to extreme climate events using the data from 1991 to 2019. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the literature by identifying the relationship between food waste and food import, food prices and economic growth. It also makes an empirical contribution by administering and econometrically analyzing the impact of the loss of food grains on the aforementioned independent variables. Policy implications for the current national agriculture policy were provided using the vector auto-regression (VAR) model and derivative analysis. Food grain loss negatively correlates with food security since it increases reliance on food imports from outside. Moreover, the losses in food supplies contributes greatly to price increases. The GDP growth rate, however, was shown to be a feeble instigator. Climate change threatens food security, and the country’s progress toward sustainable development objectives is hampered in general, particularly concerning no poverty and zero hunger goals. In conclusion, climate change and its associated factors harm Turkey’s food security and economy