Promoção do aleitamento materno

O conhecimento das mulheres sobre o tempo de amamentação é menor que o tempo preconizado na literatura científica ou pelas organizações de saúde. Fazer uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre promoção do aleitamento materno.Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura na base de dados LILACS, MEDLINE E SCIELO, entre os anos 2003 e 2013, com base nos seguintes descritores: “Aleitamento materno”, amamentação”, “promoção da saúde”, “saúde da criança”, “desmame”, saúde da mulher”, “cuidados de enfermagem”. Foram definidos como critérios de exclusão, puérperas com patologias, relatação e período anterior ao parto. Foram analisados 28 artigos submetidos aos critérios de exclusão, obtendo-se para amostra final desta revisão, 21 artigos. A maioria dos estudos foi realizada no Brasil, e o tempo de acompanhamento das mulheres ocorreu entre o parto e os 24 meses. Verificou-se que o conhecimento das puérperas relativamente à amamentação é determinante para o aumento das taxas de amamentação, no entanto é insuficiente. O apoio aos problemas comuns relacionados com a lactação devem ser manejados adequadamente evitando o desmame precoce. É necessário capacitar os profissionais envolvidos com a amamentação para que estejam aptos a identificar as mudanças do amamentar, melhorar essa prática e o sistema de apoio. As orientações dos profissionais de saúde e o investimento em campanhas de difusão apresentam-se como instrumentos eficazes de promoção. A participação ativa dos profissionais de saúde é essencial na promoção do aleitamento materno, tendo em conta todo o contexto social, sem esquecer o suporte ao ambiente e companheiro

A violência baseada no género em Cabo Verde

A violência baseada no género faz atualmente parte da agenda pública de organismos governamentais e não-governamentais em Cabo Verde, constituindo-se num crime público. É um facto preocupante, que resulta das desigualdades nas relações de poder entre homens/meninos e mulheres/meninas na sociedade. Sem dúvida, uma situação que afeta tanto homens como mulheres. No entanto, os dados estatísticos indicam-nos que as vítimas são essencialmente as mulheresinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impacto da endometriose na infertilidade feminina

Endometriosis is a common disease in women of rare and fertile age before puberty and after menopause, involving approximately 10-20% of women of childbearing age, particularly those with pelvic pain and infertility, but data may vary due to the large size. number of asymptomatic or unsymptomatic cases. This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review in order to find evidence in the literature of studies on the impacts of endometriosis on female infertility. This is an integrative literature review, conducted from October to November 2019, by consulting publications in the LILACS, SCIELO and PUBMED databases, 23 articles were selected and analyzed, showing evidence that insecurity and anxiety are the most common feelings of participants who were diagnosed with endometriosis. They also show that after starting treatment, most women reported well-being as the predominant feeling. The most frequent sources of support that helped women during treatment were: belief, partner and family. It is concluded that the health professional must have knowledge about the impact of this pathology on the female population, must have skills to help them reduce their insecurity, anxiety, sadness and fear of receiving the diagnosis, in order to contribute to the improvement. quality of health care for these women.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transcriptional changes and the role of ONECUT1 in hPSC pancreatic differentiation

Cell type specification during pancreatic development is tightly controlled by a transcriptional and epigenetic network. The precise role of most transcription factors, however, has been only described in mice. To convey such concepts to human pancreatic development, alternative model systems such as pancreatic in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells can be employed. Here, we analyzed stage-specific RNA-, ChIP-, and ATAC-sequencing data to dissect transcriptional and regulatory mechanisms during pancreatic development. Transcriptome and open chromatin maps of pancreatic differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells provide a stage-specific pattern of known pancreatic transcription factors and indicate ONECUT1 as a crucial fate regulator in pancreas progenitors. Moreover, our data suggest that ONECUT1 is also involved in preparing pancreatic progenitors for later endocrine specification. The dissection of the transcriptional and regulatory circuitry revealed an important role for ONECUT1 within such network and will serve as resource to study human development and disease

Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling mediates profibrotic hematopoiesis-stroma crosstalk in myeloproliferative neoplasms.

The role of hematopoietic Hedgehog signaling in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) remains incompletely understood despite data suggesting that Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitors have therapeutic activity in patients. We aim to systematically interrogate the role of canonical vs. non-canonical Hh signaling in MPNs. We show that Gli1 protein levels in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) mark fibrotic progression and that, in murine MPN models, absence of hematopoietic Gli1, but not Gli2 or Smo, significantly reduces MPN phenotype and fibrosis, indicating that GLI1 in the MPN clone can be activated in a non-canonical fashion. Additionally, we establish that hematopoietic Gli1 has a significant effect on stromal cells, mediated through a druggable MIF-CD74 axis. These data highlight the complex interplay between alterations in the MPN clone and activation of stromal cells and indicate that Gli1 represents a promising therapeutic target in MPNs, particularly that Hh signaling is dispensable for normal hematopoiesis

Extreme Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy of the Lower Solar Atmosphere During Solar Flares

The extreme ultraviolet portion of the solar spectrum contains a wealth of diagnostic tools for probing the lower solar atmosphere in response to an injection of energy, particularly during the impulsive phase of solar flares. These include temperature and density sensitive line ratios, Doppler shifted emission lines and nonthermal broadening, abundance measurements, differential emission measure profiles, and continuum temperatures and energetics, among others. In this paper I shall review some of the advances made in recent years using these techniques, focusing primarily on studies that have utilized data from Hinode/EIS and SDO/EVE, while also providing some historical background and a summary of future spectroscopic instrumentation.Comment: 34 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Solar Physics as part of the Topical Issue on Solar and Stellar Flare

Phenomenology of the Lense-Thirring effect in the Solar System

Recent years have seen increasing efforts to directly measure some aspects of the general relativistic gravitomagnetic interaction in several astronomical scenarios in the solar system. After briefly overviewing the concept of gravitomagnetism from a theoretical point of view, we review the performed or proposed attempts to detect the Lense-Thirring effect affecting the orbital motions of natural and artificial bodies in the gravitational fields of the Sun, Earth, Mars and Jupiter. In particular, we will focus on the evaluation of the impact of several sources of systematic uncertainties of dynamical origin to realistically elucidate the present and future perspectives in directly measuring such an elusive relativistic effect.Comment: LaTex, 51 pages, 14 figures, 22 tables. Invited review, to appear in Astrophysics and Space Science (ApSS). Some uncited references in the text now correctly quoted. One reference added. A footnote adde