142 research outputs found
More than a touristic visit: scholar exchanges as a communication method in public diplomacy
This paper discusses the concept of Public Diplomacy and the effectiveness of a specific Public
Diplomacy tool: Scholar Exchanges as a tool of Public Diplomacy. The foreign Fulbright Program of
the United States Government is introduced as a case study and for further interpreting the perceptions
of the program, a survey is ran among 59 current grantees. Scholar exchanges programs are suggested
to be implemented in order to overcome the barriers in communication processes in the international
arena
The story of a shooting: recommendations for more effective crisis communication
A crisis narrative is used to tell the story of a shooting at Northwest Missouri State University in Maryville,
Missouri, United States. The story provides a learning experience for institutions as they seek best practices in
handling crises. Although it appears that the university followed procedures correctly in dealing with this
situation, questions linger as to whether administrators truly communicated effectively with students.
Technology was used to warn students of potential danger, but not enough information was provided so students
could deal on a personal level with the crisis. Face-to-face communication is important especially in a crisis to
“soften” the blows of the situation
Standards culturales portugueses – el punto de vista español
El objetivo de esta comunicación es de presentar resultados preliminares de un estudio que
procura identificar las características principales de la cultura portuguesa más relevantes
desde un punto de vista español. Para tanto es usado el método de los “standards culturales”.
Con base en entrevistas a dieciséis profesionales españoles con experiencia de trabajo en
Portugal han sido identificados cuatro standards culturales portugueses:
1- Importancia de títulos y jerarquías. Los españoles consideran a los portugueses como
un pueblo que sobre valoriza los títulos académicos, con una noción de jerarquía muy
marcada e con un grande distanciamiento al poder, mucho a causa de una predominante
estructura jerárquica vertical;
2- Miedo e Ambigüedad. Los portugueses son considerados personas con miedo del
incierto y de la novedad, y poco dispuestos al riesgo y muy presos al saber enraizado. Son
también maestros en el arte de asumir posiciones ambiguas porque son poco corajosos en la
asunción de responsabilidades por sus actos. Adicionalmente se nota que se rigen por
intrincadas tejas burocráticas;
3- Poca importancia de Agendas y Relojes. Los portugueses tienen grande dificultad en
cumplir plazos e horarios, y definir agendas realizables;
4- Espíritu de Grupo. Los españoles reconocen los portugueses como personas que
luchan mejor por el suceso del grupo de que hacen parte e que son más aplicados en sus tareas.
Como limitación más importante de los resultados obtenidos se puede apuntar la poca
diferenciación de los elementos de la muestra respecto al origen regional en España.The objective of this communication is to present some preliminary results of a study which
tries to identify the main characteristics of the Portuguese culture which are relevant from a
Spanish perspective. A new qualitative methodology is used – the cultural standards method.
Drawing on interviews of sixteen Spanish nationals working in Portugal, four Portuguese
cultural standards could be identified:
1. Importance of titles and hierarchies. Spaniards think of the Portuguese as a culture
which overemphasizes academic titles and with a strict and marked notion of hierarchy.
2. Fear and ambiguity. The Portuguese are considered as persons with fear of the
unknown and of new things, risk avoiding and too tied to traditional knowledge. They are
masters in adopting an ambiguous stance, as they are less courageous in taking responsibility
for their deeds. Additionally they are bound by a complex bureaucratic web.
3. Less emphasis regarding agendas and clocks. Portuguese have considerable difficulty
in observing deadlines and timetables, as well as in scheduling feasible agendas.
4. “Esprit de corps”. Portuguese are held as persons who fight harder for the success of
the group to which they belong and who are more concentrated on their tasks.
The main limitation of this preliminary study has to do with the fact that there is little
variation within the sample regarding the regional origin of the Spanish persons interviewed
and this may influence the results obtained so far
Dos and don’ts of teaching courses overseas
Most students cannot afford to spend a semester, or a whole academic year, getting study abroad experience.
Therefore, faculty and universities are offering short term, faculty led courses in other countries. Many
universities around the world are requiring their students to get this international experience but, at the same
time, there are many misconceptions about what these short study abroad courses should accomplish from
academic, pedagogical and educational perspective. There isn’t a lot of literature on how to structure, organize
and conduct these courses at different international locations
Rediscover Rosarito: a public diplomacy initiative for the local community in Rosarito Beach, Baja Mexico
Rediscover Rosarito is a cross-cultural public affairs graduate class initiative started in February 2008. That
year, 28 graduate Communication Management (CM) students from diverse backgrounds and nationalities,
taught by Dr. Gregory Payne of the Communication Studies Department, reached out to elected
governmental leaders, public officials, citizens and expatriates of Rosarito Beach in Baja Mexico. Together,
they launched a public affairs campaign that stressed the importance of grassroots public diplomacy as a
major strategy.
The goal of the program then and now is to develop and implement an ongoing campaign to help restore
the image of this heavily tourism dependent beach community, which had been devastated by a drastic drop
in visitor levels as a result of Mexican President Jose Caledron’s ‘war on drugs,’ a violent reaction from the
drug cartels against this action, as well as biased media coverage regarding the crisis from sources on both
sides of the border, which reflect the all too often proclivity of the media to sensationalize such stores in the
effort to secure readershi
TK1951: an anatomy of crisis communication
This study focuses on how Turkish Airlines (THY) managed its communication strategy after the
unfortunate accident of TK 1951 on February 25, 2009 near Amsterdam Schiphol Airport. Evaluating the efforts
in a framework, authors set out to discuss THY’s performance in four important areas classified in eight
headings: coordination of the messages, acknowledging uncertainty and taking responsibility, reaching the
stakeholders and making use of online media tools. Hopefully, the results of this research will help THY and
other airline companies to improve and develop their immediate crisis response strategies
Using fuzzy numbers and OWA operators in the weighted average and its application in decision making
Se presenta un nuevo método para tratar situaciones de incertidumbre en los que se utiliza el operador OWAWA (media ponderada – media ponderada ordenada). A este operador se le denomina operador OWAWA borroso (FOWAWA). Su principal ventaja se encuentra en la posibilidad de representar la información incierta del problema mediante el uso de números borrosos los cuales permiten una mejor representación de la información ya que consideran el mínimo y el máximo resultado posible y la posibilidad de ocurrencia de los valores internos. Se estudian diferentes propiedades y casos particulares de este nuevo modelo. También se analiza la aplicabilidad de este operador y se desarrolla un ejemplo numérico sobre toma de decisiones en la selección de políticas fiscalesWe present a new approach for dealing with an uncertain environment when using the ordered weighted averaging – weighted averaging (OWAWA) operator. We call it the fuzzy OWAWA (FOWAWA) operator. The main advantage of this new aggregation operator is that it is able to represent the uncertain information with fuzzy numbers. Thus, we are able to give more complete information because we can consider the maximum and the minimum of the problem and the internal information between these two results. We study different properties and different particular cases of this approach. We also analyze the applicability of the new model and we develop a numerical example in a decision making problem about selection of fiscal policies
The dimension of reliability in product quality: application to the automotive industry.
La industria del automóvil constituye uno de los pilares básicos de la economía en los países más desarrollados
económicamente. En nuestro país, la fabricación de automóviles y de sus componentes representa un sector de
gran relevancia económica y social, significando un porcentaje importante del Producto Interior Bruto, con un
gran peso de la exportación en cuanto a la producción nacional. Pero, en los últimos años, la fabricación
española ha visto disminuida su presencia en el plano internacional, habiéndose incrementado notoriamente la
producción localizada en países asiáticos y sudamericanos. Además, en nuestros días se asiste a una importante
crisis en el sector, a nivel nacional e internacional. Ante ello, cabe cuestionarse si las mejoras tecnológicas
indiscutibles en los últimos años y de aplicación al producto automóvil se han visto acompañadas de un
incremento de la calidad del producto en otros aspectos, además de las características o prestaciones de éste. Así,
el presente documento tiene por objetivo principal analizar la dimensión de fiabilidad como factor de calidad en
los últimos años. Para ello, se parte de los resultados hallados por las inspecciones realizadas por la entidad Tüv
en Alemania durante cinco años, relativas al hallazgo de defectos en automóviles. La muestra se ha estratificado
considerado los segmentos de vehículos al respecto y los diferentes tramos de edad de éstos para conseguir
resultados comparables. Se contempla un carácter dinámico en el tiempo, al disponer de varios años de estudio y
poder establecer las comparaciones adecuadas, según la evolución de los resultados en este periodo. El estudio se
ha centrado en el comportamiento de la dimensión de fiabilidad, por su carácter crítico en el tipo de producto
abordado, y ha considerado el abanico de mediciones de dicha dimensión, para poder identificarla en este caso
con el porcentaje de vehículos con defecto sustancial detectado, respecto a la totalidad de vehículos
inspeccionados. En los resultados obtenidos, se percibe el diferente grado de comportamiento de los distintos
segmentos de vehículos, tanto en un nivel estático como en un nivel dinámico, advirtiendo la disminución del
índice de fiabilidad en la evolución temporal analizada, detallándose los resultados según segmentos de
vehículos, además de constatar la lógica suposición de decremento al aumentar la edad del producto. Futuras
líneas de investigación pueden ser llevadas a cabo considerando la multidimensionalidad del concepto de calidad
y la tipología de defectos.The automotive industry is one of the mainstays of the economy in the most economically developed countries.
In our country, the manufacture of automobiles and their components represents an area of economic and social
importance, with a significant percentage of Gross Domestic Product and an important part of its production is
for the market of other countries. But in recent years, the spanish manufacturing has diminished respect to the
international level, and a great increased production has been located in Asia and South America. Moreover,
today there is a significant crisis in the sector, in our country and in all the world. So, we can asked for the union
of the technological improvements in recent years and its use in the automobile product with an increase in
product quality in other aspects. Thus, this paper´s goal is to analyze the reliability dimension of quality as a
factor in recent years. For this, we consider the results of the inspections performed by the entity TüV in
Germany for five years about defects in cars. The sample was stratified in order to consider vehicle´s segments
and different age groups to achieve results. It provides a dynamic character in time, because the report of TüV
has several years of study and we can establish the appropriate comparisons, in order to monitor the trend of
results in this period. The study has focused on the behavior of the dimension of reliability for its critical nature
in the this kind of product; we have observed the range of measurements of that dimension; so, in our work, we
have considered the percentage of vehicles with substantial defects and the totality of the inspected vehicles. In
the results, we can note a different behavior of different segments of vehicles, in a static and a dynamic level. We
observe the decrease in the reliability index, in a temporal trend. The results can be detalled in vehicle segments,
in addition to establishing the logical assumption of decrease of reliability with an increasing age of the product.
Future research can be carried out in next works considering the multidimensionality of the concept of quality
and the type of defects
Análisis de las estrategias de diferenciación y posicionamiento de los centros comerciales planificados como formato de distribución
Los centros comerciales planificados son un formato de distribución que ha alcanzado un importante nivel de desarrollo en nuestro país. Por su parte, el incremento del número de centros comerciales operativos está generando un aumento significativo del nivel de competencia entre los mismos.
Así, este trabajo pretende un acercamiento general a la realidad actual del formato de los centros comerciales, centrándonos más detalladamente en el ámbito del Territorio Histórico de Vizcaya. El objetivo central de la investigación es el análisis de las estrategias de diferenciación y posicionamiento de los centros comerciales planificados, abordándose asimismo diferentes aspectos relacionados con la gestión de marketing. En el trabajo se lleva a cabo una revisión de la literatura académica más relevante desarrollada en los últimos años en torno a esta temática. Asimismo, se ha desarrollado una investigación empírica de carácter cualitativo, a través de la cual quedan definidos aspectos relevantes de la gestión de marketing de los centros, así como la constatación de la existencia de dos líneas destacadas de diferenciación y posicionamiento: las líneas basadas en los factores “proximidad” y “centro repleto de vida y actividad”.Planned shopping centres as distribution form have achieved a very important level of development in our country. Also, the increasing number of operating shopping centres is creating a growing level of competition. Thus, this paper pretends a general approach to the current situation of the shopping centre form, focusing that approach more precisely in the Historic Territory of Biscay. The main objective of the investigation is the analysis of the differentiation and positioning strategies of planned shopping centres; also, and directly related, the investigation is focused on different aspects of the marketing management area. A review of the more relevant academic literature developed in recent years related to the objectives of the study has been undertaken. In the same way, an empiric qualitative research has been undertaken in order to define relevant aspects of the centres´ marketing management; the results of the qualitative research show two main lines of differentiation and positioning: these lines are the ones based on two factors: “proximity” and “mall full of life and activity
Empirical evidence of the main economic differences between the limited labour societies and the societies of limited responsibility
Este trabajo compara los resultados económicos de las empresas participadas mayoritariamente por sus
trabajadores respecto aquéllas que no lo están. Para la consecución de dicho objetivo se ha aprovechado el
hecho de que en España ambos tipos de empresas funcionan de acuerdo con estructuras reguladas
legalmente. Las empresas participadas mayoritariamente por sus trabajadores, con funcionamiento
capitalista no convencional y responsabilidad limitada de los socios, operan como Sociedades Limitadas
Laborales (SLL) reguladas por la Ley de 1997, mientras que, las empresas que no tienen que estar
participadas mayoritariamente por sus trabajadores con funcionamiento capitalista y responsabilidad
limitada de sus socios, operan como Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada (SRL) reguladas por la Ley
de 1995. El marco de referencia del presente análisis es el interés creciente por parte de la Unión Europea
por fomentar el acceso de los trabajadores a la propiedad de las empresas en las que desarrollan su
actividad, y la relevancia que en el ámbito internacional puede adquirir el modelo de gobierno
participativo y socialmente responsable que caracteriza a las Sociedades Laborales en España.This work compares the economic results of the companies informed for the most part
by his workpeople regard those that are not. For the mentioned target it has been keep in mind the fact
that in Spain both types of companies work in accordance with structures regulated legally. The
companies informed for the most part by his workpeople, with capitalist not conventional functioning and
limited responsibility of the associates, operate as Limited Labour Societies (SLL) regulated by the Law
of 1997, whereas, the companies that are not informed for the most part by his workpeople with capitalist
functioning and limited responsibility of his associates, operate as Societies of Limited Responsibility
(SRL) regulated by the Law of 1995. The frame of reference of the present analysis is the increasing
interest on the part of the European Union to encourage the access of the workpeople to the property of
the companies in those who develop his activity, and the relevancy that in the international ambience can
acquire the model of government, socially responsibly that characterizes the Labour Societies in Spain
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