Perspective on Oncogenic Processes at the End of the Beginning of Cancer Genomics

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has catalyzed systematic characterization of diverse genomic alterations underlying human cancers. At this historic junction marking the completion of genomic characterization of over 11,000 tumors from 33 cancer types, we present our current understanding of the molecular processes governing oncogenesis. We illustrate our insights into cancer through synthesis of the findings of the TCGA PanCancer Atlas project on three facets of oncogenesis: (1) somatic driver mutations, germline pathogenic variants, and their interactions in the tumor; (2) the influence of the tumor genome and epigenome on transcriptome and proteome; and (3) the relationship between tumor and the microenvironment, including implications for drugs targeting driver events and immunotherapies. These results will anchor future characterization of rare and common tumor types, primary and relapsed tumors, and cancers across ancestry groups and will guide the deployment of clinical genomic sequencing

Potato Peel Waste: Stability and Antioxidant Activity of a Freeze-Dried Extract

Aqueous extracts of potato peel waste were freeze-dried. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the freeze-dried extracts revealed that chlorogenic (50.31%), gallic (41.67%), protocatechuic (7.81%), and caffeic (0.21%) acids were the major phenolics. During 15 days storage of the freeze-dried extract, no degradation of phenolics occurred. After 4 days storage at 63°C, 5.00g of sunflower oil containing either the freeze-dried extract (200 ppm) or butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (200 ppm) reached peroxide values (PV) of 37.38 and 37.47 meq kg-1 respectively. L-ascorbic acid-6-palmitate was the best antioxidant (PV= 10.65 meq kg-1) but the freeze-dried extract was as good as BHA