Case studies on the geological application of LANDSAT imagery in Brazil

The author has identified the following significant results. Sao Domingos Range, Pocos de Caldas, and Araguaia and Tocantins Rivers in Brazil were selected as test sites for LANDSAT imagery. The satellite images were analyzed using conventional photointerpretation techniques, and the results indicate the application of small scale image data in regional structural data analysis, geological mapping, and mineral exploration

Antioxidant and biochemical content in Brazilian guava germplasm with white, red and pink pulps.

Guava is considered to be an excellent source of antioxidant compounds due to the high content of lycopene and vitamin C. The international guava market is dominated mainly by white pulp fruit, differing from the Brazilian market, which pays a high price for guava cultivars with dark red pulp fruit. The goal of the present study was to analyze the content of Brazilian guava accessions contrasting for pulp colors to support the breeding program of guava, focusing on cultivars producing fruits with a high content of functional impounds. Sixty guava accessions established in a field germplasm bank, at Embrapa Tropical Semi-Arid, Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil, were evaluated for total antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, lycopene and beta-carotene, titrable acidity, soluble solids and total soluble sugars. The accessions, including guavas of white (n=10), red (n=23) and pink pulp (n=27), were grown in a block design experiment, with two replications/ accession. An ANOVA was performed, decomposing the degrees of freedom for the three pulp color groups in order to test the contrast to the nine evaluated compounds. The accessions presented high variability (p<0.01) for all compounds. Guava white pulp did not presented variability for the majority of compounds, except soluble solids, while guava red and pink pulps presented high variability (p <0.01) for most compounds, except flavonoids in pink pulp guava and flavonoids, beta-carotene, soluble solids and total sugars in red pulp fruit. The white*red and pink pulp contrast was significant (p<0.01) for most compounds, except for titrable acidity and soluble solids, with the greater mean values found in the accessions of pink red pulp, except for total soluble sugars. The red*pink contrast was also significant (p<0.01), except for titrable acidity and soluble solids, with greater values found in the accessions of red pulp fruit, except for lycopene and total soluble sugars. The compounds mean values were, approximately, 1.5, 1.4, 1.7, 1.8, 2.7 and 3.1 times greater for antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, lycopene and beta-carotene, respectively, quantified in the pink and red pulp guava accessions when compared to white pulp. These results indicated that pink and red pulp guavas have a potential of greater beneficial contribution to the human diet than white pulp guava

Nonlinear Supersymmetry as a Hidden Symmetry

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Avaliacao de cultivares de milho: efeito da adubacao de plantio e da adubacao nitrogenada em cobertura.

Foi conduzido no Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Milho e Sorgo, em Sete Lagoas, MG, um experimento de competicao de cultivares de milho, no qual estudou o comportamento da cultivar CMS 201 X, selecionada para cerrado, juntamente com as cultivares comerciais Ag 401 e C 111, em tres doses de adubacao no plantio: 250 kg/ha, 500 kg/ha e 750 kg/ha da formulacao basica 4-14-8 e tres niveis de adubacao nitrogenada: 200 kg/ha, 400 kg/ha e 600 kg/ha de sulfato de amonio em cobertura. Esse experimento foi conduzido nos anos agricolas de 1982/83 e 1983/84, utilizando um delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas, em tres repeticoes. As adubacoes de plantio constituiram as parcelas e as interacoes de cultivar e adubacao de cobertura, as subparcelas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que houve efeito do ano agricola sobre a produtividade das cultivares, evidenciando que a distribuicao das chuvas influenciou o rendimento de graos no solo de cerrado. Com distribuicao regular de chuvas, a cultivar Ag 401 mostrou melhor comportamento que a CMS 201 X. Em 1982/1983, a resposta ao N em cobertura foi linear e ocorreu somente no ano de boa distribuicao de chuvas. Somente a cultivar C. 111 respondeu a adubacao de plantio, atraves de efeito quadratico da regressao que alcancou uma producao otima economica de 5.905 kg/ha de graos, com a utilizacao de NPK no plantio

Chemical and biochemical characterization of guava and araçá fruits from different regions of Brazil.

Guava and araçá, species of the Psidium genus, are important options for Brazilian agribusiness, especially the former species, due to their fruit characteristics, such as appearance, taste and richness in minerals and phenolic compounds. These fruits can be consumed in natura or in several processed forms. The active germplasm bank is an important tool for genetic resource characterization and plant breeding studies. Sixty guava and ten araçá accessions of the Psidium active germplasm, sampled in 44 different Brazilian regions and grown at Embrapa Semiarid, were chemically and biochemically characterized in order to support breeding programs. The accessions were grown in a randomized block design, with two replications and three plants/plot. The sugar, proteins, soluble solids, titratable acidity, calcium, magnesium, iron and phosphorus contents were determined. Large variations were observed in the analyzed compounds, which could be attributed to the diversity of genotypes and also to the environmental conditions, which affect the plant metabolism. The high variability observed in most parameters of the accessions is an important factor for the improvement of these species. Most guava accessions showed higher titratable acidity and soluble solids than those found in commercial cultivars and, in araçá, these levels were even higher, which makes them promising for commercial exploitation. Moreover, fruits of the guava and araçá accessions present good sources of sugars and minerals. Special attention should be given to some guava and araçá accessions from Maranhão and Pernambuco States, respectively, which showed high levels for titratable acidity, soluble solids, SS/TA ratio, total soluble sugars, calcium, magnesium and iron, should be targets of breeding programs for new Psidium cultivars.Edição do Proceedings of the III International Symposium on Guava and other Myrtaceae, Petrolina, sept. 2012

Magnetic field induced lattice anomaly inside the superconducting state of CeCoIn5_5: evidence of the proposed Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state

We report high magnetic field linear magnetostriction experiments on CeCoIn$_5$ single crystals. Two features are remarkable: (i) a sharp discontinuity in all the crystallographic axes associated with the upper superconducting critical field $B_{c2}$ that becomes less pronounced as the temperature increases; (ii) a distinctive second order-like feature observed only along the c-axis in the high field (10 T $\lesssim B \leq B_{c2}$) low temperature ($T \lesssim$ 0.35 K) region. This second order transition is observed only when the magnetic field lies within 20$^o$ of the ab-planes and there is no signature of it above $B_{c2}$, which raises questions regarding its interpretation as a field induced magnetically ordered phase. Good agreement with previous results suggests that this anomaly is related to the transition to the Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconducting state.Comment: 3 figures, 5 page