Subgingival microbial profiles and periodontal diseases in an isolated population from Brazil

OBJETIVOS: investigar a prevalência e a presença de distintos perfis microbianos no biofilme subgengival e avaliar o seu papel no diagnóstico e risco das doenças periodontais destrutivas em uma população isolada brasileira sem acesso à tratamento periodontal e tradição ao uso de métodos de higiene bucal. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: A população-alvo consistiu de todos os indivíduos com 12 ou mais anos de idade (N= 264) residentes na microárea Cajaíba, identificados por meio de um censo. Estes indivíduos foram entrevistados por meio de um questionário estruturado e submetidos a um exame periodontal completo que consistiu na avaliação de 6 sítios por dente em toda a boca e na coleta de amostras do biofilme subgengival em 4 sítios por indivíduo. A detecção dos micro-organismos A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia e C. rectus, bem como a distribuição dos sorotipos e presença do clone JP2 do A. actinomycetemcomitans foram avaliadas por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). RESULTADOS: A. actinomycetemcomitans foi detectado em 25% dos indivíduos, enquanto que P. gingivalis T. forsythia, P.intermedia e C. rectus foram detectados em 64%, 59%, 38% e 90% dos indivíduos, respectivamente. Entre as amostras positivas para o A. actinomycetemcomitans (n=42), 18 (42%) representaram o sorotipo a, 2 (5%) o sorotipo b, 19 (46%) o sorotipo c, 1 (2%) o sorotipo e, e 4 (10%) foram não-sorotipáveis. O clone JP2 do A. actinomycetemcomitans não foi detectado em nenhum indivíduo desta população. Dois perfis microbianos subgengivais foram identificados: (perfil 1) nenhum dos microrganismos estudados, com exceção do C. rectus (n = 31), e (perfil 2) co-ocorrência de P. gingivalis e T. forsythia (n = 77). O perfil 1 demonstrou valores de sensibilidade extremamente baixos, enquanto que o perfil 2 apresentou valores de sensibilidade variados na identificação dos desfechos subrrogados periodontais avaliados, e valores de baixos a moderados para a especificidade. Os seguintes perfis subgengivais estiveram associados com a prevalência de perda clínica de inserção (NCI) e profundidade de sondagem (PS) nos modelos finais de regressão logística múltipla, ajustados para variáveis demográficas, biológicas e comportamentais: T. forsythia (PS e NCI 5 mm, e 7 mm), P. gingivalis (NCI 7 mm) e o perfil 2 (PS 5 mm e NCI 7 mm). CONCLUSÕES: Os micro-organismos periodontais estudados foram prevalentes nessa população isolada. Esta população apresentou predominância dos sorotipos a e c do A. actinomycetemcomitans. Dois perfis microbianos subgengivais puderam ser identificados nesta população isolada. Porém, eles não foram superiores ao diagnóstico de parâmetros clínicos periodontais específicos, quando adicionados à informação clínica tradicional. Perfis microbianos subgengivais apresentando T. forsythia como indicador de risco foram significativamente associados com o aumento da PS e do NCI nessa população isolada.AIMS: To investigate the prevalence and describe the subgingival microbial profiles of selected periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm; and assess their role as possible diagnostic markers or risk indicators for destructive periodontal diseases in a periodontally untreated and isolated population from Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The target population consisted of all subjects aged 12 years (n=264) in an isolated Brazilian population. A full-mouth clinical examination was conducted, and pooled subgingival plaque samples were obtained from four sites per subject. PCR analyses were performed to identify the following microorganisms: A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia and C. rectus, as well as the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype distribution and JP2 clone detection. RESULTS: A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 25% of the subjects, whereas P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P.intermedia and C. rectus were detected in 64%, 59%, 38% and 90% of the subjects, respectively. From the A. actinomycetemcomitans positive isolates (n=42), 18 (42%) were serotype a, 2 (5%) b, 19 (46%) c, 1 (2%) e, and 4 (10%) were non-serotypeable. None of the strains belonged to the JP2 clone. Two specific subgingival microbial profiles were identified: (1) In one, only C. rectus could or not be present (n = 31), while in the other, (2) Co-occurrence of T. forsythia and P. gingivalis was observed (n = 77). Profile 1 showed very low sensitivity values, and profile 2 showed varying sensitivity values for the identification of the various periodontal states, and considerably low to moderate specificity values. The following subgingival profiles were significantly associated with the prevalence of periodontal attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD) in the final multiple logistic regression models adjusted for demographic, biological and behavioral variables: T. forsythia (PD and CAL 5 mm and 7 mm), P. gingivalis (CAL 7 mm) and the profile 2 (PD 5 mm and CAL 7 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The five studied periodontal microorganisms were prevalent in this isolated population. The A. actinomycetemcomitans positive subjects consisted predominantly of a and c serotypes. Two specific microbial profiles could be identified in this isolated population. They did not result in significant superior diagnostic accuracy when compared totraditional clinical markers. Subgingival microbial profiles presenting T. forsythia as risk indicator were significantly associated with increased PD and CAL in this isolated population

Periodontal attachment loss in an untreated isolated population of Brazil: prevalence, extent, severity and risk indicators

Os objetivos deste estudo são avaliar a prevalência, extensão e severidade de perda clínica de inserção (NCI); e investigar as possíveis associações entre variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e comportamentais com NCI em uma população isolada brasileira. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Todos os indivíduos com mais de 12 anos de idade foram identificados por um censo. Eles foram entrevistados por meio de um questionário estruturado e submetidos a um exame clínico completo que consistiu na avaliação de 6 sítios por dente em toda a boca. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 214 indivíduos que foram entrevistados e receberam exame clínico completo, NCI >= 5mm foi observado em 8%, 37%, 70%, 83% e 100% dos indivíduos dentados nas faixas etárias de 12-19, 20-29, 30- 39, 40-49 e 50 ou mais anos de idade; enquanto que a prevalência de NCI >= 7mm foi de 5%, 8%, 20%, 67% e 83% nas faixas anteriormente descritas, respectivamente. Análises de regressão logística multivariável identificaram quantidade de placa visível (OR = 2,8), quantidade de cálculo supra-gengival (20-50%, OR = 2,9; e > 50%, OR= 10,6), idade (OR = 11,4) e tabagismo (OR = 2,4) como indicadores de risco para NCI >= 5mm; e tabagismo (OR = 8,2) para NCI >= 7mm. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstraram que perda clínica de inserção é altamente prevalente nesta população isolada. A alta prevalência de NCI em faixas etárias jovens e a identificação de indicadores de risco tradicionais para NCI nesta população sugerem que fatores microbiológicos ou a susceptibilidade para a exposição de fatores ambientais possam ser considerados fatores-chave para a alta ocorrência encontrada nesta população.The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent and severity of clinical attachment loss (CAL); and to investigate the associations between demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral risk indicators with CAL in an untreated isolated population in Brazil. METHODS: All subjects aged 12 years forward were selected by a census. They were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire. RESULTS: Among the 214 subjects who were interviewed and clinical examined, CAL >= 5mm was observed in 8%, 37%, 70%, 83%, and 100% of the dentate subjects, depending on age; while the age dependent prevalence of CAL >= 7mm was 5%, 8% 20%, 67% and 83%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified amount of plaque (OR=2.8), thresholds of supragingival calculus (OR=2.9-10.6), age (OR=11.4) and smoking (OR=2.4) as risk indicators for CAL >= 5mm, and smoking (OR=8.2) for CAL >= 7mm. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that CAL is highly prevalent in this isolated population. The high prevalence of CAL in young age groups and the observation of traditional risk indicators for CAL in this population suggest microbiological factors or host susceptibility to be key factors explaining the high levels of CAL found in this population

Risk indicators for aggressive periodontitis in an untreated isolated young population from Brazil

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis (AgP), and to investigate the association between demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral risk indicators with AgP in an untreated and isolated young population in Southeastern Brazil. For this cross-sectional survey, 134 subjects aged 12-29 years were selected by a census. Of those eligible, 101 subjects received a full-mouth clinical examination, and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire. Cases were defined as individuals with 4 or more teeth with attachment loss > 4 mm or > 5 mm in the age groups 12-19 and 20-29, respectively. Overall, 9.9% of the subjects presented AgP (10.3% of the 12-19-year-olds and 9.7% of the 20-29-year-olds). The only risk indicator significantly associated with AgP in this isolated population was a high proportion of sites (> 30%) presenting supragingival calculus [OR = 23.2]. Having experienced an urgency dental treatment was a protective factor for AgP [OR = 0.1]. The authors concluded that this isolated and untreated population from Brazil presented a high prevalence of AgP. Local plaque-retaining factors played a major role in the prevalence of AgP in this isolated population, and should be included in further studies evaluating this destructive periodontal disease form

Tooth loss prevalence and risk indicators in an isolated population of Brazil

Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and risk indicators of tooth loss in an isolated population of Brazil. Material and methods. Two-hundred-and-forty-two subjects, ranging in age from 14 to 82 years (mean 36.2 years), were identified by census in an isolated population of Brazil. All consenting subjects received a full-mouth clinical (DFT index and information about missing teeth) and periodontal examination of 6 sites per tooth. Furthermore, they were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire in order to gather information about demographic, environmental, and biological variables. Results. Of the 200 subjects (80% response rate), 19 (9.5%) were edentulous, 90% had lost at least one tooth, and 39% had lost more than 8 teeth. The mean number of teeth lost was 9.5 (95% CI = 8.2-10.8). First mandibular molars were the most commonly missing teeth. In a multiple logistic regression analysis based on a theoretical hierarchical model of tooth loss, having more than 8 teeth lost was strongly associated with adult age (OR = 18.3-17.3, 95% CIs = 4.8-69.7 and 4.0-75.1) and female gender (OR = 5.9, 95% CI = 1.9-18.2) in the final model. Conclusions. Tooth loss was highly prevalent and extensive in this isolated population. Demographic and behavioral factors played an important role in tooth loss prevalence in this population.Foundation for Post-Graduate Education (CAPES)Ministry of Education, Brasilia, DF, BrazilState of SAo Paulo Foundation for research support (FAPESP)[04/15287-4

Risk indicators for increased probing depth in an isolated population in Brazil

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of probing depth (PD) and to investigate the associations between demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral risk indicators and PD in a periodontally untreated and isolated population in Brazil. Methods: The target population consisted of all individuals aged >= 12 years as identified by a census. Consenting participants were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire. Results: Among the 214 subjects who were interviewed and clinically examined, PD >= 4 mm was observed in 54% to 83% of the subjects, depending on age, whereas the age-dependent prevalence of PD :6 mm ranged from 5% among 12- to 19-year-olds to 50% among 40- to 49-year-olds, decreasing to 40% among subjects >= 50 years of age. Multivariate analyses identified supragingival calculus (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4 to 10.3; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 2.5 to 11.6 and 4.0 to 26.2 for 20% to 50% and > 50% of the sites, respectively) as a risk indicator for PD A mm, whereas age :40 years (OR = 9.0; 95% CI: 1.7 to 48.5), being a moderate/heavy smoker (OR = 3.7; 95% CI: 1.4 to 10. 1), and having supragingival calculus in 20% to 50% of sites (OR = 6.8; 95% CI: 1.4 to 32.4) or in >50% of sites (OR = 15.3; 95% CI: 3.2 to 73.6) were risk indicators for PD >= 6 mm. Having undergone urgency dental treatment was a protective factor for PD A and >= 6 mm (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8). Conclusions: Increased PD is highly prevalent in this isolated population. Behavioral factors played a significant role as risk indicators for increased PD in this isolated population.Foundation for Post-Graduate Education, Ministry of Education, Brazilia, DF, BrazilFAPESP State of Sao Paulo Foundation for Research Support, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil[04/15287-4

Subgingival microbial profiles as diagnostic markers of destructive periodontal diseases: A clinical epidemiology study

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:57:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Aims. To describe the subgingival microbial profiles of the major putative periodontal pathogens and investigate their role as diagnostic markers for destructive periodontal diseases in an untreated and isolated population. Materials and methods. The source population consisted of all subjects aged >= 12 years in an isolated Brazilian population. An interview and a full-mouth clinical examination were conducted and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from four sites per subject. PCR analyses were used to identify the following micro-organisms: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia and Campylobacter rectus. Results. Among the 214 clinically examined subjects (81% response), 170 of the 195 dentate subjects provided plaque samples. Two subgingival microbial profiles were identified: absence of all micro-organisms but Campylobacter rectus or co-occurrence of Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Using a combination of microbiological and interview information, the smallest overall misclassification in the diagnosis of extensive clinical attachment loss >= 5 mm was 8.8% (4.7% of non-cases and 22% of cases), but this was not different from the 7.6% (2.3% non-cases and 24.4% cases) obtained using clinical and interview information (p = 0.292). Conclusion. Specific microbial profiles could be identified in this isolated population. They did not result in significant superior diagnostic accuracy when compared to traditional clinical markers.[Corraini, Priscila; Pannuti, Claudio M.; Romito, Giuseppe A.; Pustiglioni, Francisco E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent, Dept Stomatol, Div Periodont, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil[Corraini, Priscila; Baelum, Vibeke] Aarhus Univ, Inst Odontol, Aarhus, Denmark[Aquino, Davi R.; Cortelli, Sheila C.; Cortelli, Jose R.] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Dent Res Div, Dept Periodontol & Prevent Dent, Sao Paulo, Brazi

A prospective 12-month study of the effect of smoking cessation on periodontal clinical parameters

P>Aim The aim of this 12-month prospective study was to assess the adjunctive effect of smoking cessation in non-surgical periodontal therapy of subjects with severe chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods Of the 201 subjects enrolled from a smoking cessation clinic, 93 were eligible and received non-surgical periodontal treatment and concurrent smoking cessation treatment. Periodontal maintenance was performed every 3 months. Full-mouth periodontal examination in six sites per tooth was performed by a calibrated examiner, blinded to smoking status, at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Furthermore, expired air carbon monoxide concentration measurements and interviews based on a structured questionnaire were performed in order to collect demographic and smoking data. Results Of the 93 eligible subjects, 52 remained in the study after 1 year. Of these, 17 quit smoking and 35 continued smoking or oscillated. After 1 year, only quitters presented significant clinical attachment gain (p=0.04). However, there were no differences between the groups regarding clinical attachment level, probing depth, bleeding on probing and plaque index after 1 year (p > 0.05). Conclusion Smoking cessation promoted clinical attachment gain in chronic periodontitis subjects from a smoking cessation clinic after 1 year of follow-up.Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)[07/54494-3

Effect of smoking cessation on non-surgical periodontal therapy: results after 24 months

Aim: the aim of this 24-month prospective study was to assess the effect of smoking cessation on non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in adult subjects with chronic periodontitis.Materials and Methods: Relative to a previous 12-month follow-up study, recruitment and follow-up period were extended, resulting in 116 eligible among the 286 screened subjects. They received NSPT and concurrent smoking cessation interventions. Periodontal maintenance was performed every 3 months. A calibrated examiner, blinded to smoking status, performed full-mouth periodontal examination in six sites per tooth at baseline, 3, 12 and 24 months of follow-up. Expired air carbon monoxide concentration measurements and interviews were performed to gather demographic and behavioural information.Results: From the 116 enrolled subjects, 61 remained up to 24 months of follow-up. of these, 18 quit smoking (Q), 32 continued smoking (NQ) and 11 oscillated (O) at 24 months of follow-up. Thereby, Q showed significantly higher mean CAL gain in diseased sites and higher reduction in the proportion of sites with CAL >= 3 mm, when compared to NQ. in addition, Q presented significantly higher mean probing depth reduction relative to NQ(p <= 0.05).Conclusion: Smoking cessation promoted additional benefits on NSPT in chronic periodontitis subjects.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ São Paulo, Sch Dent, Div Periodont, Dept Stomatol, BR-05508000 São Paulo, BrazilAarhus Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Aarhus, DenmarkUniv São Paulo, Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, BR-05508000 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 07/54494-3Web of Scienc

Prevalence and distribution of serotype-specific genotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in chronic periodontitis Brazilian subjects

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:53:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Objective: Previous studies have suggested that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is involved in the aetiology of aggressive periodontitis as well as chronic periodontitis. In addition, some authors have also reported that serotype-specific antigens of A. actinomycetemcomitans determine the severity of disease. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and the distribution of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes in Brazilian subjects with chronic periodontitis. Design: A total of 486 individuals were enrolled in this survey. All patients received clinical examinations that included periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque, and gingival indexes. Subgingival samples were taken for microbial analysis. The genomic DNA of A. actinomycetemcomitans was provided by PCR. Results: Out of 486 subjects examined, A. actinomycetemcomitans was isolated in 85 (17.5%) individuals. Out of 85 positive samples, 68 were infected by at least 1 serotype, 7 by mixed infection, and 10 were non-serotyped. Serotypes d and f were not detected. Serotype c showed the highest prevalence (52.9%), followed by serotype a (31.8%). Conclusions: Intragroup analysis revealed that, in slight/moderate periodontitis, serotypes c and a were significantly more prevalent than serotypes b and d-f; the prevalence of serotype c in severe periodontitis was significantly greater than that of serotypes a and b. Our data were similar in Asian and Eurasian populations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.[Goncalves Roman-Torres, Caio Vinicius; Aquino, Davi Romeiro; Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca; Nobre Franco, Gilson Cesar; dos Santos, Juliana Guimaraes; Holzhausen, Marinella; Cortelli, Jose Roberto] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Dept Periodontol & Prevent Dent, Dent Res Div, BR-12020330 Taubate, SP, Brazil[Corraini, Priscila] Univ Sao Paulo, Div Periodont, Dept Stomatol, Sch Dent, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil[Diniz, Marina Goncalves; Gomez, Ricardo Santiago] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Mol Biol, Sch Dent, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazi

Periodontal disease in adults with untreated congenital growth hormone deficiency: a case-control study

P>Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations between isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) and periodontal attachment loss (PAL) in adults affected by congenital IGHD. Materials and methods Forty-five previously identified IGHD subjects were eligible for this study. The final study sample comprised 32 cases (gender:20M/12F; age:44.8 +/- 17.5) matched for age, gender, diabetes, smoking status and income to 32 controls (non-IGHD subjects). Participants were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured, written questionnaire. Periodontitis was defined as proximal PAL >= 5 mm affecting >= 30% of teeth. Results No significant differences were observed in the percentage of sites with visible plaque between IGHD and non-IGHD subjects (59.4% versus 46.9%, p=0.32). IGHD subjects had significant less supragingival calculus (31.3% versus 59.4%, p=0.02) and more bleeding on probing (71.9% versus 18.8%, p < 0.01) than controls. PAL >= 5 mm was significantly more prevalent (100% versus 71.9%, p < 0.01) and affected more teeth (30.5% versus 6.7%, p < 0.01) in cases than in controls. After adjusting for supragingival calculus, IGHD cases had a higher likelihood of having periodontitis than controls (OR=17.4-17.8, 95% CI=2.3-134.9, p=0.004-0.005). Conclusion Congenital IGHD subjects have a greater chance of having PAL.FAPESP (State of Sao Paulo foundation)[08/56712-0]Foundation for Post-Graduate Education (CAPES