Nanochromics: Old Materials, New Structures And Architectures For High Performance Devices

Due to the development of nanoscience, the interest in electrochromism has increased and new assemblies of electrochromic materials at nanoscale leading to higher efficiencies and chromatic contrasts, low switching times and the possibility of color tuning have been developed. These advantages are reached due to the extensive surface area found in nanomaterials and the large amount of organic electrochromic molecules that can be easily attached onto inorganic nanoparticles, as TiO2 or SiO2. Moreover, the direct contact between electrolyte and nanomaterials produces high ionic transfer rates, leading to fast charge compensation, which is essential for high performance electrochromic electrodes. Recently, the layer-by-layer technique was presented as an interesting way to produce different architectures by the combination of both electrochromic nanoparticles and polymers. 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Evaluating The Performance Of Polypyrrole Nanowires On The Electrochemical Sensing Of Ammonia In Solution

This work encompasses the direct electrodeposition of polypyrrole nanowires onto Au substrates using different electrochemical techniques: normal pulse voltammetry (NPV) and constant potential method with the aim in applying these films for the first time in ammonia sensing in solution. The performance of these nanowire-based sensors are compared and evaluated in terms of: film morphology (analyzed with scanning electron microscopy); their sensitivity towards ammonia; electrochemical and contact angle measurements. For nanowires prepared by NPV, the sensitivity towards ammonia increases with increasing amount of electrodeposited polypyrrole, as expected due to the role of polypyrrole as electrochemical transducer for ammonia oxidation. On the other hand, nanowires prepared potentiostatically displayed an unexpected opposite behavior, attributed to the lower conductivity of longer polypyrrole nanowires obtained through this technique. These results evidenced that the analytical and physico-chemical features of nanostructured sensors can differ greatly from those of their conventional bulky analogous. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.6699094Gustafsson, G., Lundström, I., Liedberg, B., Wu, C.R., Inganäs, O., (1989) Synth. Met., 31, pp. 163-179Van Hieu, N., Dung, N.Q., Tam, P.D., Trung, T., Chien, N.D., (2009) Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem., 140, pp. 500-507Carquigny, S., Sanchez, J.B., Berger, F., Lakard, B., Lallemand, F., (2009) Talanta, 78, pp. 199-206Joshi, A., Gangal, S.A., Gupta, S.K., (2011) Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem., 156, pp. 938-942Dubas, S.T., Pimpan, V., (2008) Talanta, 76, pp. 29-33Strehlitz, B., Gründig, B., Kopinke, H., (2000) Anal. Chim. Acta, 403, pp. 11-23Lähdesmäki, I., Lewenstam, A., Ivaska, A., (1996) Talanta, 43, pp. 125-134Trojanowicz, M., Lewenstam, A., Krawczyk, T.K.V., Lähdesmäki, I., Szczepek, W., (1996) Electroanalysis, 8, pp. 233-243Dall'Antonia, L.H., Vidotti, M.E., Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., Torresi, R.M., (2002) Electroanalysis, 14, pp. 1577-1586Vidotti, M., Dall'Antonia, L.H., Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., Bergamaski, K., Nart, F.C., (2003) Anal. Chim. Acta, 489, pp. 207-214Janata, J., Josowicz, M., (2003) Nature Mater., 2, pp. 19-24Adeloju, S.B., Shaw, S.J., Wallace, G.G., (1996) Anal. Chim. Acta, 323, pp. 107-113Ahuja, T., Mir, I.A., Kumar, D., (2008) Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem., 134, pp. 140-145Massafera, M.P., Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., (2009) Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem., 137, pp. 476-482Ghanbari, K., Bathaie, S.Z., Mousavi, M.F., (2008) Biosens. Bioelectron., 23, pp. 1825-1831Lê, H.Q.A., Sauriat-Dorizon, H., Korri-Youssoufi, H., (2010) Anal. Chim. Acta, 674, pp. 1-8Khan, W., Kapoor, M., Kumar, N., (2007) Acta Biomater., 3, pp. 541-549Sumida, T., Wada, Y., Kitamura, T., Yanagida, S., (2000) Chem. Commun., pp. 1613-1614Bartlett, P.N., Birkin, P.R., Ghanem, M.A., Toh, C.S., (2001) J. Mater. Chem., 11, pp. 849-853Gonales, V.R., Massafera, M.P., Benedetti, T.M., Moore, D.G., Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., Torresi, R.M., (2009) J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 20, pp. 663-673Jérôme, C., Jérôme, R., (1998) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 37, pp. 2488-2490Zang, J., Li, C.M., Bao, S.J., Cui, X., Bao, Q., Sun, C.Q., (2008) Macromolecules, 41, pp. 7053-7057Debiemme-Chouvy, C., (2009) Electrochem. Commun., 11, pp. 298-301Bai, H., Zhao, L., Lu, C., Li, C., Shi, G., (2009) Polymer, 50, pp. 3292-3301Hernandez, S.C., Chaudhuri, D., Chen, W., Myung, N.V., Mulchandani, A., (2007) Electroanalysis, 19, pp. 2125-2130Zhang, L., Meng, F., Chen, Y., Liu, J., Sun, Y., Luo, T., Li, M., Liu, J., (2009) Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem., 142, pp. 204-209Bard, A.J., Stratmann, M., (2003) Electroanalytical Chemistry. Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry, 3, pp. 112-113. , Wiley New YorkGustafsson, G., Lundström, I., (1987) Synth. Met., 21, pp. 203-208Scott, D., Cooney, M.J., Liaw, B.Y., (2008) J. Mater. Chem., 18, pp. 3216-3222Magoga, M., Joachim, C., (1997) Phys. Rev. B, 56, pp. 4722-4729Peng, G., Strange, M., Thygesen, K.S., Mavrikakis, M., (2009) J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, pp. 20967-20973Massafera, M.P., (2010), PhD thesis, Universidade de São Paul

Electrochromic Behaviour Of Manganese Dioxide Electrodes In Slightly Alkaline Solutions

Manganese dioxide films prepared by electrochemical deposition onto transparent substrates were studied in borate solutions (pH = 9.2). In this paper emphasis will be laid on the electrochromic properties of such electrodes. Potetiostatic experiments associated with transmittance measurements were carried out for both monochromatic and white light sources. The dependence of the electrochromic efficiency parameter on the potential and the wavelength of the incident light was analysed. The loss of the electrochromic properties related to the value of the bleaching potential is also discussed. © 1992.371120152019McBreen, (1975) Electrochim. Acta, 20, p. 221Maskell, Shaw, Tye, (1982) J. appl. Electrochem., 12, p. 101Boden, Venuto, Wisler, Wylie, The Alkaline Manganese Dioxide Electrode (1968) Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 115, p. 333Hernández Ubeda, Mishima, de Mishima, The electrochemical response of manganese hydroxide—oxide films in slightly alkaline solutions—I. The redox couple (1991) Electrochimica Acta, 36, p. 1013Kozawa, Powers, The Manganese Dioxide Electrode in Alkaline ElectrolyteThe Electron-Proton Mechanism for the Discharge Process from MnO[sub 2] to MnO[sub 1.5] (1966) Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 113, p. 870Ruestchi, Giovanoli, Cation Vacancies in MnO[sub 2] and Their Influence on Electrochemical Reactivity (1988) Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 135, p. 2663de Mishima, Ohtsuka, Sato, (1988) J. electroanal. Chem., 243, p. 219Burke, Murphy, (1980) J. electroanal. Chem., 109, p. 373Garnich, Yu, Lampert, (1990) Solar Energy Mat., 20, p. 265Seike, Nagai, (1991) Solar Energy Mat., 22, p. 107Pourbaix, (1966) Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions, , Pergamon Press, Oxfordde Torresi, Gorenstein, Torresi, Vázquez, (1991) J. electroanal. Chem., 318, p. 131J. Scarminio, A. Gorenstein, F. Decker, S. Passerini, R. Pileggi and B. Scrosati, Proc. SPIE 1536, in pressC. M. Polo da Fonseca, M. A. De Paoli, A. Gorenstein and R. Torresi, Proc. of the SPIE, 1536, in pressPileggi, Scrosati, Passerini, (1990) Proc. of MRS, , Boston, Decemberde Mishima, Ohtsuka, Konno, Sato, (1991) Electrochim. Acta, 36, p. 1485S. I. Córdoba de Torresi and A. Gorenstein (in preparation

Ionic Exchanges In Dodecylbenzenesulfonate-doped Polypyrrole Part Ii: Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study

Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques were combined to study the ionic exchange process in polypyrrole doped with the anionic surfactant, dodecylbenzenesulfonate. A quantitative analysis of the results indicates a doping degree of 20% after electropolymerization. Studies performed in monomer-free solutions show that both anions and cations of the electrolytes play an important role in the redox process. Quantitative calculations also take into account the transfer of neutral species like solvent molecules. © 1995.723283287Reynolds, Sundaresan, Pomerantz, Basak, Baker, Calibration of the Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (1991) Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 138, p. 2657Sabatini, Ticianelli, Redondo, Rubinstein, Rishpon, Gottesfeld, Morphological effects in conducting polymer films studied by combined OCM and spectroscopic ellipsometry (1993) Synthetic Metals, 55-57, p. 1293Baker, Qiu, Reynolds, (1991) J. Phys. Chem., 95, p. 4446Lien, Smyrl, Morita, (1991) J. Electroanal. Chem., 309, p. 333Basak, Bose, Rajeshwar, (1992) Anal. Chem., 64, p. 1813Peres, De Paoli, Torresi, (1992) Synth. Met., 48, p. 259Baker, Reynolds, (1988) J. Electroanal. Chem., 251, p. 307Naoi, Lien, Smyrl, (1991) J. Electrochem. Soc., 138, p. 440Hillman, Swann, Bruckenstein, (1991) J. Phys. Chem., 95, p. 3271Matencio, De Paoli, Peres, Torresi, Córdoba de Torresi, (1995) Synth. Met., 72, p. 59Gabrielli, Keddam, Torresi, (1991) J. Electrochem. Soc., 138, p. 2657Soares, Kantek, Fruböse, Doblhofer, The electrochemical quartz-microbalance in media of changing viscoelastic properties, and the design and characterization of a suitable driver electronics (1994) Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie, 98, p. 219Peres, Pernaut, De Paoli, Properties of poly(pyrrole) films electrochemically synthesized in the presence of surfactants (1989) Synthetic Metals, 28, p. C59Peres, (1992) Ph.D. Thesis, , Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, BrazilMarcus, (1985) Ion Solvation, , Wiley-Interscience, LondonVieil, Meerholtz, Matencio, Heinze, (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem., 368, p. 18

Ionic Exchanges In Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Doped Polypyrrole Part 1. Optical Beam Deflection Studies

Cyclic voltammetry and optical beam deflection (OBD) techniques in different electrolytes, KCl, KClO4, CsCl, NaCl, LiClO4 and LiCl, were used to study the ionic exchange processes in polypyrrole (PPy) doped with an anionic surfactant, dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS-). Our results show the role played by the cations during the first redox process of the polymer. To compare the OBD curves in each electrolyte, they were normalized with respect to their dependence on the chemical nature of the electrolyte. The use of temporal convolution, proposed by Vieil et al. (J. Electroanal. Chem., 368 (1994) 183), to relate electrical current and angular optical beam deflection, allows the modeling of the OBD curves and the calculation of apparent diffusion coefficients for each electrolyte and the diffusion coefficient of each ionic species. © 1995.7215964Horanyi, Inzelt, Anion-involvement in electrochemical transformations of polyaniline. A radiotracer study (1988) Electrochimica Acta, 33, p. 947Kazarinov, Andreev, Spytsin, Shlepakov, Role of anions in the electrochemical transformation processes of polyaniline (1989) Electrochimica Acta, 35, p. 899Christensen, Hamnet, Hillman, (1988) J. Electroanal. Chem., 242, p. 47Feldman, Melroy, (1987) J. Electroanal. Chem., 234, p. 213Deakin, Buttry, Electrochemical applications of the quartz crystal microbalance (1989) Analytical Chemistry, 61, p. 1147Servagent, Vieil, (1990) J. Electroanal. Chem., 280, p. 227Cordoba-Torresi, Gabrielli, Keddam, Takenouti, Torrezi, Role of ion exchange in the redox processes of a polyaniline film studied by an ac quartz crystal microbalance (1990) Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 2909, p. 269Peres, De Paoli, Torresi, (1992) Synth. Met., 48, p. 259Boccara, Fournier, Badoz, (1980) Appl. Phys. Lett., 36, p. 130Royce, Voss, Bocarsly, MIRAGE EFFECT STUDIES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES (1983) Le Journal de Physique Colloques, 44, p. 325Pawliszyn, Weber, Dignam, Mandelis, Venter, Park, (1986) Anal. Chem., 58, p. 236Decker, Neuenschwander, Cesar, Penna, (1987) J. Electroanal. Chem., 228, p. 481Plichon, Besbes, (1990) J. Electroanal. Chem., 284, p. 141Merle, Maurin, Morand, (1989) J. Chem. Phys., 86, p. 173Haas, (1989) Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 88, p. 123Barbero, Miras, Haas, Kötz, (1991) J. Electrochem. Soc., 138, p. 669Miras, Barbero, Kötz, Haas, Schmidt, (1992) J. Electroanal. Chem., 338, p. 279Schmidt, Barbero, Kötz, (1993) J. Electroanal. Chem., 352, p. 301Matencio, Vieil, (1991) Synth. Met., 44, p. 349Vorotyntsev, Lopez, Vieil, (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem., 368, p. 155Matencio, Peres, Torresi, Cordoba de Torresi, De Paoli, Ionic Diffusion Processes in Polypyrrole (1994) Journal Of The Brazilian Chemical Society, 5Lopez, Mendes Viegas, Bidan, Vieil, (1994) Synth. Met., 63, pp. 73-78Vieil, Meerholz, Matencio, Heinze, (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem., 368, p. 183E. Vieil and T. Matencio, J. Electroanal. Chem., in pressSavéant, Tessier, Convolution potential sweep voltammetry (1965) Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 61, p. 251Savéant, Tessier, Convolution potential sweep voltammetry V. Determination of charge transfer kinetics deviating from the Butler-Volmer behaviour (1965) Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 65, p. 57Oldham, (1986) Anal. Chem., 58, p. 2296Vieil, Mass transfer and convolution. Part 1. Theory (1994) Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 264, p. 9Bard, Faulkner, (1980) Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications, p. 121. , Wiley, New YorkBard, Faulkner, (1980) Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications, p. 135. , Wiley, New YorkLick, (1990) Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, pp. 6-151. , 71st edn., R.C. Weast, CRC Press, Boca Raton, F

Influence Of Dopant, Ph And Potential On The Spectral Changes Of Poly( O-methoxyaniline) : Relationship With The Redox Processes

Poly(o-methoxyaniline) films doped with functionalized acids show high solubility in conventional organic solvents and a high optical contrast between the reduced and the oxidized forms. They are also more stable towards thermal treatment than when they are doped with HCl. These characteristics make them suitable for use in electrochromic displays. The electrochromic behavior of this soluble derivative of polyaniline was investigated in detail by comparing the curves obtained by the differentiation of absorbance at fixed wavelengths with simultaneously obtained voltammograms. This analysis allows the chromophore species producing color changes to be related to the redox processes taking place during the electrochemical cycling. Molar absorptivities were calculated and the effect of pH on the absorption spectra of the emeraldine form of the polymer is also reported. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.44001/02/15193199Geniès, E.M., Boyle, A., Lapkowski, M., Tsintavis, C., (1990) Synth. Met., 36, p. 139Geniès, E.M., Lapkowski, M., Santier, C., Vieil, E., (1987) Synth. Met., 18, p. 631Lacroix, J.C., Kanazawa, K.K., Diaz, A., (1989) J. Electrochem. Soc., 136, p. 1308Huang, W.S., MacDiarmid, A.G., (1993) Polymer, 34, p. 1833Tassi, E.L., De Paoli, M.-A., (1994) Electrochim. Acta, 39, p. 2481Duek, E.A.R., De Paoli, M.-A., (1992) Adv. Mat., 4, p. 287Duek, E.A.R., De Paoli, M.-A., Mastragostino, M., (1993) Adv. Mat., 5, p. 650Ikkala, O.T., Laakso, J., Väkiparta, K., Virtanen, E., Ruohonen, H., Järvinen, H., Taka, T., Heeger, A.J., (1995) Synth. Met., 69, p. 97Davies, S.J., Ryan, T.G., Wilde, C.J., Beyer, G., Synth. Met., 69 (1995), p. 209Vikki, T., Ikkala, O.T., (1995) Synth. Met., 69, p. 235Ikkala, O.T., Lindholm, T.M., Ruohonen, H., Seläntaus, M., Väkiparta, K., (1995) Synth. Met., 69, p. 135Macinnes, D., Funt, B.L., (1988) Synth. Met., 25, p. 235Gonçalves, D., Matvienko, B., Bulhões, L.O.S., (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem., 37, p. 267Malmonge, L.F., Mattoso, L.H.C., (1995) Polymer, 36, p. 245Gomes, M.A.B., Gonçalves, D., Souza, E.C.P., Valla, B., Aegerter, M.A., Bulhões, L.O.S., (1992) Electrochim. Acta, 37, p. 1653Koziel, K., Lapkowski, M., Lefrant, S., (1995) Synth. Met., 69, p. 217Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., (1995) Electrochim. Acta, 40, p. 1101Servagent, S., (1990), Ph.D. Thesis, Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble-FranceNeoh, K.G., Tang, E.T., Tan, K.L., (1993) Polymer, 34, p. 1630Ray, A., Asturias, G.E., Kershner, D.L., Richter, A.F., Macdiarmid, A.G., Epstein, A.J., (1989) Synth. Met., 29, pp. E141Gazotti W.A., Jr., De Paoli, M.-A., (1996) Synth. Met., 80, p. 263Gazotti W.A., Jr., Faez, R., De Paoli, M.-A., (1996) J. Electroanal. Chem., 415, p. 107MacDiarmid, A.G., Epstein, A.J., (1989) Faraday Dicuss. Chem. Soc., 88, p. 317Chang, J.-C., MacDiarmid, A.G., (1986) Synth. Met., 13, p. 193Sotomayor, M.P.T., Gazotti W.A., Jr., De Paoli, M.-A., Oliveira, W.A., (1995) 18th Meeting of Brazilian Chemical Society, pp. QA-140. , Caxambu-BrazilPenneau, J.F., Lapkowski, M., Geniès, E.M., (1989) New J. Chem., 13, p. 449Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., Gorenstein, A., Torresi, R.M., Vásquez, M.V., (1991) J. Electroanal. Chem., 318, p. 131Córdoba De Torresi, S.I., Gorenstein, A., (1992) Electrochim. Acta, 37, p. 2015Gazotti W.A., Jr., Matencio, T., De Paoli, M.-A., Electrochim. Acta, , in pres

The Importance Of Quimica Nova And Journal Of The Brazilian Chemical Society For The Development Of Chemistry In Brazil [a Importância Das Revistas Química Nova E Journal Of The Brazilian Chemical Society No Crescimento Da área De Química No Brasil]

Quimica Nova and the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society are two examples of successful initiatives taken by the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ - Sociedade Brasileira de Química), and may serve as models for the scientific societies of developing countries. Pillars of the SBQ, these two periodicals are undeniable demonstrations that idealism, utopia and dignity are the essential ingredients for transforming dreams into reality. Few believed that the Brazilian chemical community would one day have, as it does today, two scientific research periodicals indexed in the principal international data banks.30614911497Galembeck, F., (1997) Edição Comemorativa dos 10 Anos da SBQ, p. 18. , julhoRoth, D.L., (2005) Curr. Sci, 89, p. 1531Marques, F., (2006) Pesquisa FAPESP, (126), p. 24Benchimol, J.L., Cerqueira, R.C., Martins, R.B., Mendonça, A., (2007) História, Ciências, Saúde - Manguinhos, 14, p. 1Maciel, M.A.M., Pinto, A.C., Veiga Jr., V.F., (2002) Quim. Nova, 25, p. 429Veiga Jr., V.F., Pinto, A.C., Maciel, M.A.M., (2005) Quim. Nova, 28, p. 519Pinto, A.C., Silva, D.H.S., Bolzani, V.S., Lopes, N.P., Epifanio, R.A., (2002) Quim. Nova, 25, p. 45Vidotti, E.C., Rollemberg, M.C.E., (2004) Quim. Nova, 27, p. 139Castro, H.F., Mendes, A.A., Santos, J.C., (2004) Quim. Nova, 27, p. 146Costa Neto, P.R., Rossi, L.F.S., Zagonel, G.F., Ramos, L.P., (2000) Quim. Nova, 23, p. 531Ferrari, R.A., Oliveira, V.S., Scabio, A., (2005) Quim. Nova, 28, p. 19Eichler, M., Del Pino, J.C., (2000) Quim. Nova, 23, p. 835Santos, A.R., Vidotti, E.C., Silva, E.L., Maionchi, F., Hioka, N., (2002) Quim. Nova, 25, p. 844Terci, D.B.L., Rossi, A.V., (2002) Quim. Nova, 25, p. 684Ferreira, M.M.C., Antunes, A.M., Melgo, M.S., Volpe, P.L.O., (1999) Quim. Nova, 22, p. 724Mattoso, L.H.C., (1996) Quim. Nova, 19, p. 388Moreira, J.C., Barek, K., (1995) Quim. Nova, 18, p. 362Guaratini, C.C.I., Zanoni, M.V.B., (2000) Quim. Nova, 23, p. 71Lopes, W.A., de Andrade, J.B., (1996) Quim. Nova, 19, p. 497Arakaki, L.N.H., Airoldi, C., (1999) Quim. Nova, 22, p. 246Coelho, F., Almeida, W.P., (2000) Quim. Nova, 23, p. 98Crepaldi, E.L., Valim, J.B., (1998) Quim. Nova, 21, p. 300Aleixo, P.C., Nóbrega, J.A., Santos Jr., D., Muller, R.C.S., (2000) Quim. Nova, 23, p. 310Maia, D.J., De Paoli, M.-A., Alves, O.L., Zarbin, A.J.G., das Neves, S., (2000) Quim. Nova, 23, p. 204Pinto, A.C., de Andrade, J.B., (1999) Quim. Nova, 22, p. 448Ferraz, H. M. C.Pardini, V. L.Quim. Nova 1997, 20 (Especial), 75de Castro, L. A. B.Prescott, E.Quim. Nova 1997, 20 (Especial), 15Paniago, E. B.Quim. Nova 1997, 20 (Especial), 23Pinto, A. C.Peixoto, E. A. M.Galembeck, F.de Andrade, J. B.de Paoli, M. A.Avaca, L. A.Alves, O. L.Quim. Nova 1997, 20 (Especial), 81Loh, W., Vargas, M.D., (2005) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 16, p. 3Loh, W., Dias, L.C., (2006) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 17, p. 3Loh, W., Dias, L.C., (2007) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 18, p. 3Schuchardt, U., Sercheli, R., Vargas, R.M., (1998) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 9, p. 199Pinto, A.C., Guarieiro, L.L.N., Rezende, M.J.C., Ribeiro, N.M., Torres, E.A., Lopes, W.A., Pereira, P.A.P., de Andrade, J.B., (2005) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 16, p. 1313Dias, L.C., (1997) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 8, p. 289Dupont, J., Consorti, C.S., Spencer, J., (2000) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 11, p. 337Dupont, J., (2004) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 15, p. 341Longhinotti, E., Pozza, F., Furlan, L., (1998) Sanchez, M. N. M.Klug, M.Laranjeira, M. C. M.Fávere, V. T.J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 9, p. 435da Silva, J.F.M., Garden, S.J., Pinto, A.C., (2001) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 12, p. 273Foschiera, J.L., Pizzolato, T.M., Benvenutti, E.V., (2001) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 12, p. 159Gomes, L.A.D., Padilha, P.D., Moreira, J.C., Newton, L., Dias Filho, N.L., Gushikem, Y., (1998) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 9, p. 494Dupont, J., Suarez, P.A.Z., Umpierre, A.P., de Souza, R. F. (2000) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 11, p. 293Gunther, H., (1999) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 10, p. 241de Andrade, J.B., Andrade, M.V., Pinheiro, H.L.C., (1998) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 9, p. 219Toma, H.E., Alexiou, A.D.P., (1995) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 6, p. 267Pasquini, C., (2003) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 14, p. 198De Moura, K.C.G., Emery, F.S., Neves-Pinto, C., (2001) Pinto, M. C. F. R.Dantas, A. P.Salomão, K.de Castro, S. L.Pinto, A. V.J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 12, p. 325Gushikem, Y., Rosatto, S.S., (2001) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 12, p. 695Gushikem, Y., Campos, E.A., (1998) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 9, p. 273Cestari, A.R., Airoldi, C., (1995) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 6, p. 291Freire, R.S., Pessoa, C.A., Mello, L.D., Kubota, L.T., (2003) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 14, p. 230Varela, H., Torresi, R.M., Buttry, D.A., (2000) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 11, p. 32Martelli, P.B., Reis, B.F., Korn, M., (1997) Rufini, I. A.J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 8, p. 479Cardoso, S.L., Nicodem, D.E., Moore, T.A., (1996) Moore, A. L.Gust, D.J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 7, p. 19Delgado, G., Torresi, R.M., (2005) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 16, p. 289de Castro, L.D., (2006) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 17, p. 1053Toma, H.E., (2006) J. Braz. Chem. Soc, 17, p. 145