A crise do coronavírus e o agricultor familiar produtor de hortaliças.

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar os principais efeitos imediatos da crise do coronavírus (Covid-19), em particular sobre a comercialização de hortaliças produzidas em estabelecimentos agropecuários denominados familiares.Edição especial. A Covid-19 e a gestão

Plantas de cobertura de solo e seus efeitos no desenvolvimento da cultura do arroz de terras altas em cultivo orgânico.

O experimento foi conduzido numa área experimental em Santo Antônio de Goiás (16º28'S, 49º17'W e altitude de 823 m), no período de junho de 2004 a março de 2005. Utilizou-se a cultivar Aimoré de arroz de terras altas, em seqüência a diferentes plantas de cobertura de solo, com o objetivo de avaliar o índice de área foliar (IAF), número de afilhos, acúmulo de massa de matéria seca (MMS) e o teor de nitrogênio acumulado na fitomassa durante o ciclo da cultura do arroz. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram as diferentes plantas de cobertura de solo, mucuna preta (Mucuna aterrima), crotalária juncea (Crotalaria juncea), guandu anão (Cajanus cajan), sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor), e o tratamento testemunha com vegetação espontânea (pousio). As leguminosas, com destaque para a crotalária, propiciaram melhores resultados em número de afilhos, IAF, MMS e teor de nitrogênio acumulado, quando comparadas ao tratamento em que se utilizou gramínea como cobertura vegetal. Pode-se concluir que a cultura do arroz apresenta desenvolvimento satisfatório nos diversos tipos de cobertura do solo, principalmente quando conduzida após o cultivo de leguminosas, em sistema orgânico de produção

Human parvovirus 4 'PARV4' remains elusive despite a decade of study

Human parvovirus 4 ('PARV4') is a small DNA tetraparvovirus, first reported in 2005. In some populations, PARV4 infection is uncommon, and evidence of exposure is found only in individuals with risk factors for parenteral infection who are infected with other blood-borne viruses. In other settings, seroprevalence studies suggest an endemic, age-associated transmission pattern, independent of any specific risk factors. The clinical impact of PARV4 infection remains uncertain, but reported disease associations include an influenza-like syndrome, encephalitis, acceleration of HIV disease, and foetal hydrops. In this review, we set out to report progress updates from the recent literature, focusing on the investigation of cohorts in different geographical settings, now including insights from Asia, the Middle East, and South America, and discussing whether attributes of viral or host populations underpin the striking differences in epidemiology. We review progress in understanding viral phylogeny and biology, approaches to diagnostics, and insights that might be gained from studies of closely related animal pathogens. Crucial questions about pathogenicity remain unanswered, but we highlight new evidence supporting a possible link between PARV4 and an encephalitis syndrome. The unequivocal evidence that PARV4 is endemic in certain populations should drive ongoing research efforts to understand risk factors and routes of transmission and to gain new insights into the impact of this virus on human health

Discovery and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Ovine Partetravirus and a New Genotype of Bovine Partetravirus

Partetravirus is a recently described group of animal parvoviruses which include the human partetravirus, bovine partetravirus and porcine partetravirus (previously known as human parvovirus 4, bovine hokovirus and porcine hokovirus respectively). In this report, we describe the discovery and genomic characterization of partetraviruses in bovine and ovine samples from China. These partetraviruses were detected by PCR in 1.8% of bovine liver samples, 66.7% of ovine liver samples and 71.4% of ovine spleen samples. One of the bovine partetraviruses detected in the present samples is phylogenetically distinct from previously reported bovine partetraviruses and likely represents a novel genotype. The ovine partetravirus is a novel partetravirus and phylogenetically most related to the bovine partetraviruses. The genome organization is conserved amongst these viruses, including the presence of a putative transmembrane protein encoded by an overlapping reading frame in ORF2. Results from the present study provide further support to the classification of partetraviruses as a separate genus in Parvovirinae