Cannula tip intravascular migration in an infant

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Measurements of electroweak W±Z boson pair production in association with two jets in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of integrated and differential cross-sections for electroweak W±Z production in association with two jets (W±Zjj) in proton-proton collisions are presented. The data collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider from 2015 to 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of √ s = 13 TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1 . The W±Zjj candidate events are reconstructed using leptonic decay modes of the gauge bosons. Events containing three identified leptons, either electrons or muons, and two jets are selected. Processes involving pure electroweak W±Zjj production at Born level are separated from W±Zjj production involving a strong coupling. The measured integrated fiducial cross-section of electroweak W±Zjj production per lepton flavour is σW Zjj−EW→ℓ ′ νℓℓjj = 0.368 ± 0.037 (stat.) ± 0.059 (syst.) ± 0.003 (lumi.) fb, where ℓ and ℓ ′ are either an electron or a muon. Respective cross-sections of electroweak and strong W±Zjj production are measured separately for events with exactly two jets or with more than two jets, and in three bins of the invariant mass of the two jets. The inclusive W±Zjj production cross-section, without separating electroweak and strong production, is also measured to be σW Zjj→ℓ ′ νℓℓjj = 1.462 ± 0.063 (stat.) ± 0.118 (syst.) ± 0.012 (lumi.) fb, per lepton flavour. The inclusive W±Zjj production cross-section is measured differentially for several kinematic observables. Finally, the measurements are used to constrain anomalous quartic gauge couplings by extracting 95% confidence level intervals on dimension-8 operators

Searches for exclusive Higgs boson decays into D⁎γ and Z boson decays into D0γ and Ks0γ in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Searches for exclusive decays of the Higgs boson into D⁎γ and of the Z boson into D0γ and Ks0γ can probe flavour-violating Higgs boson and Z boson couplings to light quarks. Searches for these decays are performed with a pp collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 136.3 fb−1 collected at s=13TeV between 2016–2018 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. In the D⁎γ and D0γ channels, the observed (expected) 95% confidence-level upper limits on the respective branching fractions are B(H→D⁎γ)<1.0(1.2)×10−3, B(Z→D0γ)<4.0(3.4)×10−6, while the corresponding results in the Ks0γ channel are B(Z→Ks0γ)<3.1(3.0)×10−6

Measurement of vector boson production cross sections and their ratios using pp collisions at √s = 13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Abstract available from publisher's website

Beam-induced backgrounds measured in the ATLAS detector during local gas injection into the LHC beam vacuum

Inelastic beam-gas collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), within a few hundred metres of the ATLAS experiment, are known to give the dominant contribution to beam backgrounds. These are monitored by ATLAS with a dedicated Beam Conditions Monitor (BCM) and with the rate of fake jets in the calorimeters. These two methods are complementary since the BCM probes backgrounds just around the beam pipe while fake jets are observed at radii of up to several metres. In order to quantify the correlation between the residual gas density in the LHC beam vacuum and the experimental backgrounds recorded by ATLAS, several dedicated tests were performed during LHC Run 2. Local pressure bumps, with a gas density several orders of magnitude higher than during normal operation, were introduced at different locations. The changes of beam-related backgrounds, seen in ATLAS, are correlated with the local pressure variation. In addition the rates of beam-gas events are estimated from the pressure measurements and pressure bump profiles obtained from calculations. Using these rates, the efficiency of the ATLAS beam background monitors to detect beam-gas events is derived as a function of distance from the interaction point. These efficiencies and characteristic distributions of fake jets from the beam backgrounds are found to be in good agreement with results of beam-gas simulations performed with theFluka Monte Carlo programme

Check your folate status before pregnancy.

Background. An increased folate intake during the periconceptional period can prevent 40-70% of neural tube defects (NTD) and perhaps other birth defects. Yet, in many countries the use of folic acid and compliance to recommendations (where these exist) is less than optimal. Objective. Suggest a strategy that helps individual women to achieve optimal folate levels before conception. Methods. Literature review on the relation between folate levels and NTD risk and on the effect of folic acid supplements on increasing the blood folate concentrations and folate status in women of childbearing age in various countries. Findings. Empiric evidence suggests that maternal folate levels are inversely correlated with NTD risks (Daly et al., 1995). Red blood cells folate concentrations of 906 nmol/L or greater are associated with the lowest NTD risk . This threshold is considered the \u201coptimal concentration before conception\u201d by several experts. The corresponding serum folate concentration, the most important for the folate transport to the embryo during development of the neural tube and other organs, can be estimated around 40 nmol/L. Comments. We propose, following Tam et al. (2009), that when planning pregnancy and before conception, all women evaluate their folate levels. This blood test performed before conception could increase the fraction of women with adequate folate intake, because many women will realize that they are below the optimal levels, thus improving compliance to recommendations. Women could then choose to do one or more of the following: (a) increase the intake of folate-rich foods, (b) eat more folic acid fortified foods or (c) use supplements containing folic acid. When the folate status is low and the conception could occur in a very near future (1-2 months) women could also choose to start with an high dose (4,000\u3bcg/day) for the first month, as suggested by studies on effects of folate supplementation, and then continue with the standard 400 \u3bcg /day up to the end of the third month of pregnancy. Moreover, evaluating folate status and the achieving optimal levels eliminates concerns about bioavailability related to to environmental factors or genetic polymorphisms

Check your folate status before pregnancy.

Background. An increased intake of folates during periconceptional period can prevent 40-70% of neural tube defects (NTD) and perhaps other birth defects, yet in many countries the use of folic acid and compliance to recommendations (where these exist) is less than optimal. Objective. Suggest a strategy that helps individual women to obtain optimal folate levels before conception. Methods. Literature review on the relation between folate levels and NTD risk, on the effect of folic acid supplements on increasing the blood folate concentrations and folate status in women of childbearing age in various countries. Findings. Empiric evidence suggests that maternal folate levels are inversely correlated with NTD risks (Daly et al., 1995). Red blood cells folate concentrations of 906 nmol/L or greater are associated with the lowest NTD risk . This threshold is considered the \u201coptimal concentrations before conception\u201d by several experts. The corresponding serum folate concentration, the most important for the folate transport to the embryo during development of the neural tube and the other organs, can be estimated around 40 nmol/L. Comments. We propose, according to Tam et al. (2009), that before planning pregnancy, all women evaluate their folate levels. This blood test performed before conception could increase the fraction of women with adequate folate intake, because many women will realize to be below the optimal folate levels, thus improving compliance to recommendations. Women could then choose to do one or more of the following: (a) increase the intake of folate rich foods, (b) eat folic acid fortified foods or (c) use supplements containing folic acid. When the folate status is low and the conception could occur in a very near future (1-2 months) women could also choose to start with an high dose (4,000\u3bcg/day) for the first month, as suggested by studies on effects of folate supplementation, and then continue with the standard 400 \u3bcg /day up to the end of the third month of pregnancy. Moreover, folate status evaluation and the consequent optimal levels achievement eliminates any worry about folate biodisponibility problems due to environmental or genetic factors

Il comportamento del neonato pretermine in un centro aperto di Patologia Neonatale

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