Science Gateways and AI/ML: How Can Gateway Concepts and Solutions Meet the Needs in Data Science?

Science gateways are a crucial component of critical infrastructure as they provide the means for users to focus on their topics and methods instead of the technical details of the infrastructure. They are defined as end-to-end solutions for accessing data, software, computing services, sensors, and equipment specific to the needs of a science or engineering discipline and their goal is to hide the complexity of the underlying infrastructure. Science gateways are often called Virtual Research Environments in Europe and Virtual Labs in Australasia; we consider these two terms to be synonymous with science gateways. Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have found applications in many different fields in private industry, and private industry has reaped the benefits. Likewise, in the academic realm, large-scale data science applications have also learned to apply public high-performance computing resources to make use of this technology. However, academic and research science gateways have yet to fully adopt the tools of AI. There is an opportunity in the gateways space, both to increase the visibility and accessibility to AI/ML applications and to enable researchers and developers to advance the field of science gateway cyberinfrastructure itself. Harnessing AI/ML is recognized as a high priority by the science gateway community. It is, therefore, critical for the next generation of science gateways to adapt to support the AI/ML that is already transforming many scientific fields. The goal is to increase collaborations between the two fields and to ensure that gateway services are used and are valuable to the AI/ML community. This chapter presents state-of-the-art examples and areas of opportunity for the science gateways community to pursue in relation to AI/ML and some vision of where these new capabilities might impact science gateways and support scientific research

Análise estatística da radiação solar na cidade de Cúcuta

En el presente documento se realiza un análisis de la radiación solar en la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia, con el objetivo de brindar una descripción detallada de la energía del Sol o insolación presente en este territorio. Para realizar estos análisis se trabajó sobre una base de datos compuesta por muestras de radiación solar global por 24 horas del día durante un periodo de nueve años; por medio del software libre especializado en estadística denominado R, se ejecutaron diferentes tipos de cálculos. A partir de estos estudios se obtuvieron gráfi cas en donde se presentan en forma de resumen estadístico, los valores de radiación para cada mes del año y para un año completo, además de obtener un valor de 5.335 horas para las horas solares pico en la ciudad y encontrar una ecuación que prediga con base en los datos obtenidos, la radiación solar de este sitio. Asimismo, con el presente análisis se pretende cuantificar desde un punto de vista descriptivo, el recurso solar presente en la ciudad de Cúcuta.This work presents a statistical analysis of solar radiation in the city of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia. The main purpose of this study is to provide a thorough description of the solar energy available in this territory. To perform the analysis, we processed data of hourly global solar radiation during a period of nine years; we used R software to execute diff erent types of statistical calculations. In this paper, we present graphs to summarize the values of global solar radiation for each month and the whole year. Furthermore, we obtained 5.335 sun peak hours for the city of Cucuta and proposed an equation to estimate global solar radiation from historical data for this site. This research aims to quantify, from a statistical point of view, the solar resource available in the city of Cucuta.Este documento analisa a radiação solar na cidade de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia, com o objetivo de fornecer uma descrição detalhada da energia solar ou insolação presente neste território. Para realizar essas análises, fue realizado um trbalho em uma base de dados composta por amostras de radiação solar global por 24 horas do dia durante um período de nove anos; através de software livre especializado em estatística chamado R, foram executados diferentes tipos de cálculos. Através destes estudos, foram obtidos gráfi cos onde os valores de radiação para cada mês do ano e para um ano completo são apresentados como um resumo estatístico, além de obter um valor de 5.355 horas para as horas solares pico na cidade e encontrar uma equação que prevê, com base nos dados obtidos, a radiação solar deste site. Com a análise atual, procura-se quantifi car de um ponto de vista descritivo, o recurso solar presente na cidade de Cúcuta

Angström-Prescott empirical model to estimate solar radiation in Norte de Santander, Colombia

The document shows the application of the empirical Angström-Prescott model in different places in Norte de Santander, Colombia. The model estimates solar radiation from hours of sunlight, at a site where brightness and solar radiation are measured. The data were obtained from the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies, IDEAM; algorithms were developed in RStudio to process and ana-lyze the information. The model establishes a linear relationship between solar radiation and the hours of sunlight, in a specific geographic location. Therefore, regression analyzes were performed for three different sites, using histori-cal records of brightness and solar radiation, ob-taining the R-squared coefficients of: 0.73, 0.78,and 0.42. The models were then extrapolated to nearby regions with solar brightness records, but without solar radiation data, to obtain an estimate of radiation at these locations. Finally, a database was created with monthly aver-age information on solar radiation for various subregions of Norte de Santander, which can be used for the design and implementation of photovoltaic systems.El documento muestra la aplicación del modelo empírico de Angström-Prescott en diferentes lugares de Norte de Santander, Colombia. El modelo estima la radiación solar a partir de las horas de brillo solar, en un sitio donde se miden el brillo y la radiación solar. Los datos se obtuvieron del Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales, IDEAM; se desarrollaron algoritmos en RStudio para procesar y analizar la información. El modelo establece una relación lineal entre la radiación solar y las horas de brillo solar, en un lugar geográfico específico. Por ello, se realizaron análisis de regresión para tres sitios diferentes, usando registros históricos de brillo y radiación solar, obteniendo los coeficientes R-cuadrado de: 0.73, 0.78, y 0.42. Luego, los modelos fueron extrapolados a regiones cercanas con registros de brillo solar, pero sin datos de radiación solar, para obtener una estimación de la radiación en estos lugares. Finalmente, se creó una base de datos con información promedio mensual de radiación solar para varias subregiones de Norte de Santander, que puede utilizarse para el diseño e implementación de sistemas fotovoltaicos