Candida-associated denture stomatitis

Candida albicans is a dimorphic yeast strongly gram positive able to live as normal commensal organism in the oral cavity of healthy people. It is the yeast more frequently isolated in the oral cavity. Under local and systemic factors related to the host conditions, it becomes virulent and responsible of oral diseases known as oral candidiasis. It has been shown that the presence of denture is a predisposing factor to the onset of pathologies related to C. albicans. Clinical studies have shown that C. albicans is not only able to adhere to the mucous surfaces, but also to stick to the acrylic resins of the dental prostheses. Both the plaque accumulated on the denture and the poor oral hygiene contribute to the virulence of Candida, offering the clinical picture of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. The therapeutic strategies currently adopted in the clinical practice to overcome these fungal infections provide for the use of topical and/or systemic antifungal and topical antiseptics and disinfectants, the irradiation with microwaves and the accurate mechanical removal of the bacterial plaque from the denture surfaces and from the underlying mucosa. A correct oral hygiene is important for the control of the bacterial biofilm present on the denture and on the oral mucosa and it is the fundamental base for the prophylaxis and the therapy of the Candidaassociated denture stomatitis

Transmission of 16SrIII-J phytoplasmas by the leafhoppers Paratanus exitiousus and Bergallia valdiviana

Two of the most common leafhoppers present in Chile are the Cicadellidae Paratanus exitiosus and Bergallia valdiviana. They commonly occur in vineyards of central Chile, including some vineyards infected by phytoplasmas. The present study demonstrates that P. exitiosus and B. valdiviana can transmit 16SrIII-J phytoplasmas to grapevine and periwinkle plants. This provides improved understanding of the 16SrIII-J phytoplasma epidemiology in Chilean vineyards.EEA MendozaFil: Quiroga, Nicolás. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal; ChileFil: Longone, Maria Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza. Laboratorio de Fitopatología; ArgentinaFil: González, Ximena. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal; ChileFil: Zamorano, Alan. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal; ChileFil: Pino, Ana María. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal; ChileFil: Picciau, Luca. Università di Torino. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA); ItaliaFil: Alma, Alberto. Università di Torino. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA); ItaliaFil: Paltrinieri, Samanta. Università di Bologna. Alma Mater Studiorum. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Plant Pathology and Entomology; ItaliaFil: Contaldo, Nicoletta. Università di Bologna. Alma Mater Studiorum. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Plant Pathology and Entomology; ItaliaFil: Bertaccini, Assunta. Università di Bologna. Alma Mater Studiorum. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Plant Pathology and Entomology; ItaliaFil: Fiore, Nicola. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal; Chil