on Computational Methods for Coupled Problems in Science and Engineering COUPLED PROBLEMS

Abstract. This paper briefly presents the research activity of our group on the coupling problem of different partial differential equations (PDE) at a fixed interface. Our motivation comes from the coupling of different two-phase flow codes that involve different PDE systems for simulating the components of a nuclear reactor

Methane hydrate gas production by thermal stimulation

Two models have been developed to bracket the expected gas production from a methane hydrate reservoir. The frontal-sweep model represents the upper bound on the gas production, and the fracture-flow model represents the lower bound. The in situ hydrate permeability is a major factor in estimating hydrate reservoir performance. A high-permeability reservoir may approach the high-efficiency performance of the frontal-sweep model. A low-permeability reservoir may have to be fracture-linked to establish injectivity, and will probably have low-efficiency performance that is similar to that of the fracture-flow model. Excess-gas reservoirs appear to be the most desirable; although excess-water hydrate reservoirs below the permafrost zone could also have reasonable permeabilities. In any case, drill stem testing and/or core analysis data should be used to evaluate the reservoir. Parametric studies were made to determine the importance of a number of variables, including porosity, bed thickness, injection temperature, and fracture length. These studies indicate that the hydrate-filled porosity should be at least 15 per cent, reservoir thickness should be about 25 ft or more, and well spacing should be fairly large (maybe 40 acres per well), if possible. Injection temperatures should probably be between 150 and 250°F to achieve an acceptable balance between high heat losses and unrealistically high injection rates. Deux modtles ont t t t mis au point pour encadrer la production prevue de gaz d'un rkservoir d'hydrates de mbhane. Le modtle a balayage frontal represente la limite superieure de production, alors que le modtle a tcoulement dans des fractures reprtsente la limite inferieure. La permeabilite in situ des hydrates est un probltme important de la prevision de la performance d'un rbervoir. Un reservoir a haute permeabilite peut avoir la performance trts efficace illustree par le modtle a balayage frontal. Un reservoir a faible permhbilite peut avoir a Etre fracture pour permettre I'injection, et meme alors il aura sans doute la performance peu efficace du modtle a Ccoulement dans des fractures. Les reservoirs ou le gaz est en excts semblent les plus souhaitables, bien que les reservoirs sous la zone de pergClisol ou I'eau est en exces puissent aussi avoir des permeabilitts raisonnables. Dans tous les cas on devrait avoir recours a des essais aux tiges ou des analyses de carottes pour Cvaluer le reservoir. On a effectue des etudes paramktnques pour determiner I'importance d'un certain nombre de variables comme la porositk, I'tpaisseur du lit, la temperature d'injection et la longueur des fractures. Ces etudes indiquent que les espaces remplis d'hydrates devraient representer au moins 15 pour cent du volume, que 1'Cpaisseur du reservoir devrait Etre de 25 pieds ou plus et que l'espacement des puits devrait @tre assez important (peutCtre 40 acres par puits). Les temperatures d'injection devraient probablement se situer entre 150 et 250°F pour obtenir un Cquilibre convenable entre les trop fortes pertes de chaleur et les trop grands volumes d'injection

8th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia : 2020 guidelines for the use of antibiotics in paediatric patients with cancer or post-haematopoietic cell transplantation

Paediatric patients with cancer and those undergoing haematopoietic cell transplantation are at high risk of bacterial infections. The 8th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL-8) convened a Paediatric Group to review the literature and to formulate recommendations for the use of antibiotics according to the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases grading system. The evaluation of antibacterial prophylaxis included mortality, bloodstream infection, febrile neutropenia, emergence of resistance, and adverse effects as endpoints. Initial antibacterial therapy and antibiotic de-escalation or discontinuation focused on patients with a clinically stable condition and without previous infection or colonisation by resistant bacteria, and on patients with a clinically unstable condition or with previous infection or colonisation by resistant bacteria. The final considerations and recommendations of the ECIL-8 Paediatric Group on antibacterial prophylaxis, initial therapy, and de-escalation strategies are summarised in this Policy Review.Peer reviewe

Antihyperon-Production in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision

Recently it has been shown that the observed antiproton yield in heavy-ion collisions at CERN-SpS energies can be understood by multi-pionic interactions which enforce local chemical equilibrium of the antiprotons with the nucleons and pions. Here we show that antihyperons are driven towards local chemical equilibrium with pions, nucleons and kaons on a timescale of less than 3 fm/c when applying a similar argument for the antihyperons by considering the inverse channel of annihilation reactions anti-Y + p to pions + kaons. These multi-mesonic reactions easily explain the antihyperon yields at CERN-SpS energies as advertised in pure thermal, hadronic models without the need of a quark gluon plasma phase. In addition, the argument also applies for AGS energies.Comment: 4 pages using RevTeX, 1 eps figur

TULBURAREA METABOLICĂ SEVERĂ – CAUZĂ DE DECES LA UN SUGAR AVÂND O BOALĂ CRONICĂ

Hiperplazia congenitală suprarenală reprezintă o tulburare în sinteza steroizilor, cu transmitere autozomal recesivă şi cu prevalenţă mare în cazul copiilor proveniţi din relaţii de consangvinitate. Prezentăm cazul unui sugar de sex masculin, diagnosticat la vârsta de 2 luni cu sindrom de pierdere de sare şi hiperplazie congenitală suprarenală forma clasică fără semne de virilizare, alături de un review al datelor din literatura recentă legată de acest subiect. Diagnosticul a fost pus pe baza istoricului familial, a datelor clinice şi paraclinice. Prognosticul poate fi unul favorabil atât timp cât există complianţă la tratamentul de substituţie cu glucocorticoizi. Totodată, riscul de deces este ridicat prin crizele suprarenale şi dezechilibrul metabolic major

Mobile sensor data anonymization

Motion sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes measure the instant acceleration and rotation of a device, in three dimensions. Raw data streams from motion sensors embedded in portable and wearable devices may reveal private information about users without their awareness. For example, motion data might disclose the weight or gender of a user, or enable their re-identification. To address this problem, we propose an on-device transformation of sensor data to be shared for specific applications, such as monitoring selected daily activities, without revealing information that enables user identification. We formulate the anonymization problem using an information-theoretic approach and propose a new multi-objective loss function for training deep autoencoders. This loss function helps minimizing user-identity information as well as data distortion to preserve the application-specific utility. The training process regulates the encoder to disregard user-identifiable patterns and tunes the decoder to shape the output independently of users in the training set. The trained autoencoder can be deployed on a mobile or wearable device to anonymize sensor data even for users who are not included in the training dataset. Data from 24 users transformed by the proposed anonymizing autoencoder lead to a promising trade-off between utility and privacy, with an accuracy for activity recognition above 92% and an accuracy for user identification below 7

ESMO-ESGO consensus conference recommendations on ovarian cancer: Pathology and molecular biology, early and advanced stages, borderline tumours and recurrent disease

The development of guidelines is one of the core activities of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and European Society of Gynaecologial Oncology (ESGO), as part of the mission of both societies to improve the quality of care for patients with cancer across Europe. ESMO and ESGO jointly developed clinically-relevant and evidence-based guidelines in several selected areas in order to improve the quality of care for women with ovarian cancer. The ESMO-ESGO consensus conference on ovarian cancer was held on 12-14 April 2018 in Milan, Italy, and comprised a multidisciplinary panel of 40 leading experts in the management of ovarian cancer. Before the conference, the expert panel worked on five clinically relevant questions regarding ovarian cancer relating to each of the following four areas: pathology and molecular biology, early-stage and borderline tumours, advanced stage disease and recurrent disease. Relevant scientific literature, as identified using a systematic search, was reviewed in advance. During the consensus conference, the panel developed recommendations for each specific question and a consensus was reached. The recommendations presented here are thus based on the best available evidence and expert agreement. This article presents the recommendations of this ESMO-ESGO consensus conference, together with a summary of evidence supporting each recommendation

Scene privacy protection

Images shared on social media are routinely analysed by classifiers for content annotation and user profiling. These automatic inferences reveal to the service provider sensitive information that a naive user might want to keep private. To address this problem, we present a method designed to distort the image data so as to hinder the inference of a classifier without affecting the utility for social media users. The proposed approach is based on the Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) and limits the likelihood that automatic inference can expose the true class of a distorted image. Experimental results on a scene classification task show that the proposed method, private FGSM, achieves a desirable trade-off between the drop in classification accuracy and the distortion on the private classes of the Places365-Standard dataset using ResNet50. The classifier is misled 94.40% of the times in the top-5 classes with only a small average reduction of three image quality measure