Waterlogged but Thirsty: a Case Study of the Relationship between Water management and Health in Cameroon

This paper gives an illustrative view of Cameroon's abundant water resources which unfortunately due to the lack of comprehensive information, an inadequate legal and institutional framework, weak enforcement capacity, poor coordination among agencies and other obstacles to sound, sustainable water management, the country faces serious degradation and depletion of water resources. Consequently, the country suffers from a host of water-related problems, in the form of outbreaks of epidemics

Seasonal Variation and Sources of NO(x) of Beibu Gulf

The concentration of NO(x) of Beibu Gulf was analyzed on four voyages in four seasons respectively between 2006 and 2007. We also studied its distribution characters as well as sources in different seasons. The results showed that the concentration of NO(x) of Beibu Gulf was ranging from under detection limit to 0.77 mg/m(3). The annual average concentration is 0.017 mg/m(3), which was lower than other reported gulfs of China. The general trend was inshore > offshore. The higher areas were Qiongzhou Bay estuary and coastal of western Hainan Island. Besides, it was relatively higher in the southern Hainan Island. It was lower in coastal of Guangxi Province and the middle of the gulf. The seasonal variation of NO(x) of Beibu Gulf combined this order: winter > autumn > spring > summer. The concentration of winter and autumn was much higher than the other two seasons. Based on these above results, it was inferred that NO(x) of Beibu Gulf was mainly controlled by continental air which was transported to ocean by wind. The next important source was emission from ships while natural emission was minor

Apply EBM Concept into Xiamen Ecological Restoration

Based on Xiamen sea areas, this paper investigates the information of ecological restoration under the framework of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) in Xiamen (2(nd) round). It mainly focused on Xiamen how to carry out the rehabilitation of marine habitats and the preservation of species, while facing the serious ecological problems, including the decrease of the shallow sea areas and water quality. The main restoration measures include special integrated improvement projects of the remove of aquaculture, shore protection, wetlands reconstruction etc., opening of the causeway and the coastal sediment dredging project; the restoration of uninhabited islands; beach and sand source preservation; releasing and breeding engineering of marine species; mangroves and rare marine animals restoration. Xiamen ecological restoration practice shows a primary success and it is considered as a new coastal management mode combining local ICM with Ecosystem Based Management (EBM) concept

The DPSIR model for Analysing the Experiences of Environmental Restoration in Xiamen, China

It is well known that the urbanization has many deleterious ecological effects. Rapid urban growth has increased the importance of restoring degraded habitats. This paper synthesizes existing information and knowledge on environmental restoration to understand the major cause and effect relationship of ecological restoration actions in Xiamen by using the DPSIR (Driving force - Pressure - State - Impact - Response) approach as the framework of analysis. Suggestions are made for further improvement in dealing with the changing conditions and requirements

Study on Economic Evaluation System under Strategies of Urban Emergency Water Source Preservation and Exploitation

The secure supply of water source has a direct bearing on social stability and sustained economic development, but urban development is facing the dilemma between preservation and exploitation of emergency water source at present. In this paper, economic evaluation systems and approaches of emergency water source eco-system service under different development strategies are constructed on the basis of eco-system service theory, which is supposed to provide policymakers with references in deciding on proponent development programs, and consequently enhance sustained utilization of urban water resource

中国上市公司债务税盾价值研究

Using the datasets of listed firms in China from 2005 to 2009, we figure out the marginal benefit curve, and empirically study the tax benefits of debt. We find that: the debt policy of Chinese listed firms is conservative, thus they could have levered up to obtain quite a number of additional tax benefits. Besides, the effects of Enterprise Income Tax Law of 2008 on the relevant variables are investigated

A New Analytical Method of the Water Resources Allocation in China

The paper introduces the Gini coefficient of economics. as a new method of analyzing the inter-provincial allocation of water resources in China. We calculated the Gini coefficient for selected indices based upon the statistical data for each province from 1997 to 2008, respectively taking the population, GDP and the cultivated area as the basic matching factor. Moreover, we proposed two novel indexes: the Dependence Coefficient to weigh the degree of reliance on the surface water or groundwater for the separated regions and the Burden Coefficient of water use to judge the efficiency and the level of fairness of water consumption by different sectors. The results show that the allocation of water resources calculated per capita, per unit GDP and per unit area of arable land is very poor. In particular, some provinces located north of the Yangtze River lack water resources and strongly depend on the groundwater. Also water efficiency is there lower than in other parts of China. Consequently, in order to alleviate the water stress in the northern provinces of the country, an improvement of the technological level of water resources exploitation and utilization and also the restructuring of the economic activity are necessary

Environmental Kuznets Curve for SO(2) Emissions in China

This study examines the link between the economic growth and the environmental quality. Based on a panel data set, a N-shaped Environmental Kuzents Curve has been found for the sample period: a cubic relationship between per capita GDP and emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO(2)). We also find that energy consumption is an important determinant of environmental degradation. The empirical results suggest that we should promote environmental protection as soon as possible