Advanced Conducting Project

At the Round Earth\u27s Imagined Corners by Williametta Spencer Credo in unum deum (from Great Mass in C minor) by W.A. Mozart We Shall Walk Through the Valley in Peace (Traditional Spiritual), arranged by Moses Hogan Ascribe to the Lord by Rosephanye Powell The Tiger by Lauren Bernofsky Laudate Dominum by Dan Davison Down to the River to Pray (Traditional), arranged by Philip Lawson

Density and gender segregation effects in the culture of the caridean ornamental red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi Bouvier, 1904 (Caridea: Atyidae)

The effect of density on growth, sex ratio, survival, and biochemical composition of the red cherry shrimp, Neocaridina davidi Bouvier, 1904, was studied to determine optimum rearing conditions in this ornamental species. It was tested whether gender segregation affected growth and survival of the species. To test the effect of density (Experiment 1), hatched juvenile shrimp were kept at three different densities: 2.5, 5, and 10 individuals l-1 (D2.5, D5 and D10, respectively). To test the effect of gender segregation (Experiment 2), 30-day juveniles were reared in three conditions: culture with only females, culture with only males, and mixed culture (females: males 1:1) at 5 individuals l-1 density. Experiments lasted 90 days, and shrimp were weighted either every 30 days (Experiment 1) or 15 days (Experiment 2). At day 90, females kept at D2.5 weighted 45% more than females stocked at D10 (P 0.05). Males at D2.5 weighted 29% more than D5 and D10 (P < 0.05). Survival was high and unaffected by treatment. Sexual differentiation did not differ among treatments. Females from D2.5 had the lowest lipid and protein content, which would occur if they had a higher spawning. Males from D2.5 had higher content of proteins, probably due to their larger size. Gender segregation had no effect over growth and survival; females grew up to a larger size than males both in monosex and mixed culture. It was shown that given to their non-aggressive behavior, N. davidi is tolerant to a highdensity condition, which makes it feasible as an ornamental species.Fil: Vázquez, Nicolás Darío. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Delevati Colpo, Karine. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Sganga, Daniela Eliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Argentin

Diversity and distribution of epiphytic bromeliads in a Brazilian subtropical mangrove

It is not unusual to find epiphytic bromeliads in mangroves, but most studies on mangrove vegetation do not record their presence. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity and distribution of epiphytic bromeliads in a subtropical mangrove. The richness, abundance and life form (atmospheric and tank) of bromeliads were recorded and compared among host tree species and waterline proximity. The effects of diameter and height of host trees on the abundance of bromeliads were also assessed. The mangrove was composed of Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle. We recorded seven bromeliad species of the genera Tillandsia and Vriesea. The waterline proximity did not affect the abundance or diversity of bromeliads, but atmospheric forms were predominant near the waterline, whereas tank bromeliads were more frequent in the interior of the mangrove. The three mangrove species hosted bromeliads, but L. racemosa was the preferred host. The species composition showed that the distribution of bromeliads is more related to the host species than to the distance from the waterline. Bromeliad abundance increased with tree size. Bromeliads can be biological indicators of ecosystem health; therefore, inventories and host tree preferences are necessary knowledge for an adequate management of sensitive ecosystems as mangroves.Fil: Sousa, Mariana De. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Delevati Colpo, Karine. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; Argentin

O DIREITO AMBIENTAL E A INTERFACE COM A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA SOCIEDADE ATUAL

O presente artigo tem por objetivo verificar se a coletividade se apropriou ou não dos valores inerentes ao direito ambiental como forma de prover a si mesma dos elementos essenciais à sadia qualidade de vida, dissociando ou associando a sustentabilidade do meio natural com os processos de desenvolvimento, partindo-se da abordagem da sociedade atual na visão de Leonardo Boff e Gilles Lipovetzky. Em seguida, traçando interface com o Código de Defesa do Consumidor, relacionar a posição das partes envolvidas na relação de consumo e seu papel transformador daquela sociedade paradigma em novo modelo social, com desenvolvimento econômico, porém nas dimensões da sustentabilidade, a partir da conscientização dos efeitos, danosos ou não, decorrentes da liberdade de consumir. Segue-se com a leitura da educação ambiental no direito positivo brasileiro, conceito, partícipes e objetivos, e a par da reflexão da sociedade atual na abordagem dos autores referidos, perquire-se acerca da sustentabilidade nesta sociedade dita como de mercantilização dos valores, bem como o papel da educação ambiental e se esta age como vetor de transformação social para a concretização do direito a um meio ambiente equilibrado como garantia a sadia qualidade de vida. Por todo o exposto, conclui-se, sem a pretensão de esgotar o tema, que a educação ambiental não está cumprindo seu objetivo na sociedade atual, na forma e modelo em que está sendo realizada, senão em pequenas células sociais.  Apropriando-se do pensamento de Henrique Leff, há que se direcionar a uma nova racionalidade ambiental capaz de subverter a ordem imperante entre as lógicas de vida e o destino das sociedades. Mas, não obstante a riqueza de metodologias verificadas como possíveis de alcançar este objetivo, suas implementações práticas requerem o esforço de toda sociedade, dos educadores e do Estado

Sampling technique affects the population structure assessments of fiddler crab Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) (Ocypodidae: Gelasiminae)

We examined how the sampling technique can affect the evaluation of Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) population structure. We used two sampling procedures: catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and quadrat technique (QT). Body size, size?frequency distribution, population density, juvenile recruitment rates, proportion of ovigerous females and sex ratio were compared between the sampling procedures. QT allowed us to estimate and compare crab and burrow densities. CPUE sampled both adult crabs and the largest crabs more frequently, whereas QT recorded a greater proportion of smaller crabs. CPUE underestimated the size of M. vocator populations, while density estimates obtained with QT were accurate. The proportion of juveniles was higher with QT than with CPUE, suggesting that recruitment rates estimated by QT were more suitable. The sampling effort provided by CPUE was more efficient for obtaining ovigerous-dependent information than QT. Both sampling techniques showed a predominance of males in all three M. vocator populations. The population density estimation based on burrows overestimated the natural density of M. vocator in all mangroves. Our results suggest that neither CPUE nor QT individually were accurate sampling techniques, but together provided reliable assessments of fiddler crab populations.Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet

Sampling technique affects the population structure assessments of fiddler crab Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) (Ocypodidae: Gelasiminae)

We examined how the sampling technique can affect the evaluation of Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) population structure. We used two sampling procedures: catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and quadrat technique (QT). Body size, size?frequency distribution, population density, juvenile recruitment rates, proportion of ovigerous females and sex ratio were compared between the sampling procedures. QT allowed us to estimate and compare crab and burrow densities. CPUE sampled both adult crabs and the largest crabs more frequently, whereas QT recorded a greater proportion of smaller crabs. CPUE underestimated the size of M. vocator populations, while density estimates obtained with QT were accurate. The proportion of juveniles was higher with QT than with CPUE, suggesting that recruitment rates estimated by QT were more suitable. The sampling effort provided by CPUE was more efficient for obtaining ovigerous-dependent information than QT. Both sampling techniques showed a predominance of males in all three M. vocator populations. The population density estimation based on burrows overestimated the natural density of M. vocator in all mangroves. Our results suggest that neither CPUE nor QT individually were accurate sampling techniques, but together provided reliable assessments of fiddler crab populations.Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet

Sampling technique affects the population structure assessments of fiddler crab Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) (Ocypodidae: Gelasiminae)

We examined how the sampling technique can affect the evaluation of Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) population structure. We used two sampling procedures: catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and quadrat technique (QT). Body size, size?frequency distribution, population density, juvenile recruitment rates, proportion of ovigerous females and sex ratio were compared between the sampling procedures. QT allowed us to estimate and compare crab and burrow densities. CPUE sampled both adult crabs and the largest crabs more frequently, whereas QT recorded a greater proportion of smaller crabs. CPUE underestimated the size of M. vocator populations, while density estimates obtained with QT were accurate. The proportion of juveniles was higher with QT than with CPUE, suggesting that recruitment rates estimated by QT were more suitable. The sampling effort provided by CPUE was more efficient for obtaining ovigerous-dependent information than QT. Both sampling techniques showed a predominance of males in all three M. vocator populations. The population density estimation based on burrows overestimated the natural density of M. vocator in all mangroves. Our results suggest that neither CPUE nor QT individually were accurate sampling techniques, but together provided reliable assessments of fiddler crab populations.Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet

EXPERIÊNCIAS DO PIBID: JOGOS GIGANTES NAS ESCOLAS

Los Juegos Gigantes son un proyecto desarrollado en Unoesc Chapecó, cuyo objetivo es recrear las scuelas de la ciudad y la región. Muchos académicos que participan en el Programa de Iniciativa de Iniciación de Enriquecimiento Institucional (PIBID) ayudan en la aplicación de juegos en la escuela. Una buena oportunidad para estudiantes y estudiantes de la escuela, donde divertirse y aprender al mismo tiempo, el verdadero significado de la recreación. Podemos observar una gran diversidad de culturas donde vamos, proporcionando un gran aprendizaje. Hay situaciones que marcan el lado afectivo de todos. PIBID es una excelente forma de entrada para que tenga mejor tiempo, motivación y amor por su tiempo.Palabras clave: PIBID. Juegos gigantes. RecreaciónOs Jogos Gigantes é um projeto desenvolvido na Unoesc Chapecó, que tem por objetivo levar a recreação para as escolas da cidade e região. Muitos acadêmicos que participam do Programa Institucional de Bolsas a Iniciação a Docência (PIBID), auxiliam na aplicação dos jogos nas escolas. Uma boa oportunidade para os bolsistas e alunos das escolas, onde se divertem e aprendem ao mesmo tempo, o verdadeiro significado da recreação. Podemos observar uma grande diversidade de culturas aonde passamos, proporcionando um grande aprendizado. Há muitas situações que marcam o lado afetivo de todos. O PIBID é uma grande porta de entrada para o inicio a docência se tornar melhor e motivar o amor por ensinar. Palavras chaves: PIBID. Jogos Gigantes. Recreação

Residual stress characterization in a single fibre composite specimen by using FBG sensor and the OLCR technique

The purpose of this thesis is to characterize internal strains in polymeric materials due to consolidation. In view of this, optical Fiber Bragg Grating sensors are an excellent non-destructive tool for internal strain characterization and damage detection in composite materials and structures. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG), have become increasingly used in engineering applications because of their inherent advantages with respect to traditional sensors. They can provide an important tool in experimental mechanics to perform key experiments that are difficult or impossible with other standard techniques. In this respect, they are ideally suited as strain measuring devices in composites, where they can be embedded non-invasively during fabrication. In view of this, the main goal of this thesis is the development of an experimental methodology to characterize the residual stresses that are generally present in many materials and is a complex problem to solve in micro-mechanics. The work is presented in three interrelated parts. Long-gauge-FBGs (Bragg grating of ∼ 24 mm) are introduced in cylindrical specimens of epoxy. In this configuration the fiber is simultaneously a reinforcement and a sensor in a single fiber composite. Because the epoxy matrix shrinks during the polymerization process, the optical sensor undergoes substantial non-uniform strain along the fiber. The response of the FBG to a non-uniform strain distribution is investigated by using an Optical Low-Coherence Reflectometry (OLCR) based technique which allows a direct reconstruction of the optical period along the grating without any a priori assumption about the strain field. A comparison with the most common reconstruction inverse technique T-Matrix is also proposed, showing that it generally introduces greater errors without ensuring the uniqueness of the solution. The OLCR permits in fact the direct measurement of the axial evolution of the residual strain along the core of the reinforcing fiber, thus providing important information on the internal state of stress of the specimen at a given stage of its preparation and, later on, during its service life. In addition, the measured strain distribution evolves along the fiber direction following a fourth-order function, which clearly presents a plateau over a 20 mm range at the center of the specimen. In particular, the maximum strain level reached after the matrix solidification is –2000 με which increases up to –6000 με at the end of the post-curing process of the resin. This value is consistent with the volume reduction of the free resin provided by the producer and equal to 2 %. This strain corresponds to -450 MPa axial compressive stress on the embedded reinforcing fiber. The implementation of FBG sensors to study the changes in the stress field when a crack is present in the sample is addressed next. Bragg wavelength distributions have been measured as a function of the depth of machined circular cracks in the radial direction of the cylinder. Three different crack depths (namely 7.5 mm, 11 mm and 12 mm) have been machined in the central section of the specimen. First, these measurements give an indication about the zone of influence of the reinforcing fiber on the residual stresses and, secondly, they permit the characterization of the effect of a mechanically induced crack on the initial residual stress state. In particular, only the stress relaxation due to the introduction of the deepest transversal crack significantly affects the FBG response with a related wavelength variation of 3 nm. These data are used as input to deduce the radial evolution of the stress field by adapting and improving the Crack Compliance (C.C.M) inverse Method to retrieve the stress field within a composite starting from a measurement of strain. A rigorous analytical approach to predict the residual stress field is described and verified numerically and experimentally. A very good agreement is found between experimental and numerical values, thus proving the reliability of the experimental approach. As last topic in this work, the response of a long FBG to the transverse crack propagation is monitored experimentally by using the OLCR and modeled numerically. Firstly, a Compact-Tension specimen submitted to a cyclic fatigue test is chosen with the FBG glued on its back-face and normal to the crack direction. A simple analytical model predict the FBG response as the crack advances. Secondly, long- FBG is embedded in a Compact-Tension specimen of the same dimensions. In particular when the natural crack overpasses the fiber, the grating can be used to measure the bridging forces between fracture surfaces and/or to measure the relative opening of the crack. Reconstruction of the FBG signal with T-matrix indicate problems associated to stress distributions due to highly non-uniform strain field. In this way, the FBG becomes the excellent candidate to study a number of interesting problems in the field of the fracture mechanics applications

Plasticity of growth rates and sizes at sexual maturity in different populations of the fiddler crab Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) within the same latitudinal range

The growth rates and size at maturity of decapod crustaceans usually vary throughout latitudes. Here, we evaluated whether these life history traits can be stable within the same latitude range, where some environmental factors are constant, especially temperature. To this end, we estimated and compared the growth rates and size at sexual maturity of three populations of the fiddler crab Minuca vocator, located at latitude 23° S, in mangroves of the subtropical Brazilian coast. Variations in the growth rate of the abdominal width of females and of the propodus of the major cheliped of males were assessed by the allometric technique. The abdomen growth rates of females and the cheliped growth rates of males varied among the three populations, resulting in different sizes at maturity. These results do not support our prediction that growth rates and size at sexual maturity would remain stable in populations of the same latitude range. The differences in these life history traits could be a consequence of contrasting local conditions among mangroves. Therefore, we suggest that these crabs show plasticity and responsiveness to local-scale environmental variations, to optimize the energy allocation for maintenance, reproduction, and somatic growth.Fil: Delevati Colpo, Karine. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Mulreedy, Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Negreiros Fransozo, María Lucía. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi