Salvaging Print: Letterhead in Post-Industrial Urban America

This panel will explore the link between today’s small press movement and the formal aspects of commercial printing during the American 20th century. Panelists include Christine Medley , Philip Gattuso, and Nancy Bernardo. Using as its primary example letterhead from defunct companies in Detroit, and secondarily, specimens of business and legal letterhead from other urban centers of the industrial United States, this panel will examine and discuss: What did letterhead represent to 20th century printers in local markets such as Detroit? What is the significance of printed letterhead, and stationery, to the art of small press printing in post-industrial cities in the U.S. today? Relying upon specimens from the following institutions, this panel will compare the aesthetics of contemporary small press printing with technological, artistic, and functional practices in 20th century trade printing: Center for Abandoned Letterhead, and Walter P. Reuther Library of Labor and Urban Affairs, Detroit; Benson Ford Research Center, Dearborn, Michigan; The Cranbrook Archives, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan; Greenfield/Belser, Ltd, Legal Letterhead research project, Washington, D.C.; McIlhenny Archives, Avery Island, Louisiana; and Gerald Cannon collection, Auburn, Alabama. Attendees to this panel would take-away a new appreciation for how the simple act of providing printing services, in the form of business letterhead, informed printing styles in the last century, and how that relates to small press printing today

A Comparison of Self-Esteem in Stepfather and Nuclear Family Children

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A Conceptual Model of Career Development to Enhance Academic Motivation

The purpose of this study was to develop, refine, and validate a conceptual model of career development to enhance the academic motivation of community college students. To achieve this end, a straw model was built from the theoretical and empirical research literature. The model was then refined and validated through three rounds of a Delphi study. The Delphi study solicited the opinions of students who had successfully completed community college programs. Three research goals guided this study: (1) identify the components of modern motivation theory that apply to the academic motivation of community college students, (2) identify key components of career development theory that could be applied to a comprehensive career development program for college students, and (3) synthesize the findings into a conceptual model for a program that supports students\u27 career development using strategies for enhancing motivation. The gatekeeper method was used to select participants for the Delphi panel. Fourteen university academic advisors nominated students for the panel based on selection criteria. From this population 33 students agreed to serve on the Delphi panel. Twenty-seven (82%) of the participants completed the final round of the study. The panel participated in three rounds. The first round asked open-ended questions concerning the straw model and provided an opportunity for participants to add to the model. During the second round participants were asked to evaluate the items in the model and respond to the importance of each item. During the third round participants were asked to compare their responses with those of the other participants. The findings of this study provided a conceptual model which focuses on four important factors identified by the literature as affecting both career development and academic motivation. These four factors are self-efficacy, interest, values, and goals. The Delphi participants added two other additional factors to the model: personal qualities and contextual environment. The model also contains 19 career development objectives and 28 motivational strategies which provide input into model. The purpose of the model is to serve as a guide to practitioners as a foundation to build retention programs

Self-Models and Relationship Threat: A Test of Risk Regulation Mechanisms

This study investigated a key claim of risk regulation theory, namely, that psychological internalizing of a relationship threat will serve as a mediator of the link between self-models (self-esteem and attachment anxiety) and relationship responses (moving closer to a partner vs. distancing from a partner). Participants (N = 101) received feedback that threatened their current romantic relationship (or no feedback) and then completed measures of internal–external focus, relationship closeness–distancing, and acceptance–rejection of the feedback. Results showed that participants with negative self-models responded to the relationship threat by becoming more internally focused and by distancing from their partners, whereas those with positive self-models became more externally focused and moved closer to their partners. Mediation analyses indicated that the link between self-models and relationship closeness–distancing was partially explained by internal focus

Effects of Daily Rejection on Health and Well-being

A daily diary methodology was used to investigate the effects of rejection on daily health and wellbeing as well as the moderating role of self-esteem. Participants completed an online diary for two weeks, reporting on rejection, mental well-being/resources, risky health behaviors, and healthrelated outcomes. Overall, daily rejection was associated with decreases in mental well-being/ resources but not with health behaviors or health-related outcomes. Additionally, self-esteem played an important moderating role. On high rejection days low self-esteem individuals were more likely to engage in risky health behaviors, and on the day following a high rejection day they reported decrements in health and well-being. Discussion centers on possible self-regulatory explanations for these findings and implications for the health of individuals with low self-esteem. Keywords: Daily diary; Health; Interpersonal rejection; Self-esteem; Self-regulation. People of all ages are most likely to thrive when they feel valued and accepted by others; but social acceptance is not always attainable. Even the most socially skilled people have experienced times when they felt socially excluded or rejected by others. These feelings of rejection are a common human experience that can lead to negative psychological consequences Despite the fact that rejection is normatively distressing, individuals differ in their responses to rejection, with some individuals displaying relative resilience following rejection and others displaying vulnerability to the poor outcomes associated with rejection. One factor that has been associated with resilience/vulnerability in the face of rejection is an individual's self-view. There is growing evidence that individuals with negative self-views (such as those with low self-esteem) respond to rejection in ways that are harmful to their psychological well-being (e.g., Responses to Rejection A number of theories assert that humans have a fundamental need to belong and that rejection is aversive because it threatens the fulfillment of this need Potential Pathways Linking Rejection and Health What are the mechanisms through which rejection might impact health and wellbeing? Rejection may impact health and well-being in at least three ways: (1) by triggering adverse cognitive, emotional, and physiological responses; (2) by shaping health-related behaviors; and (3) by interfering with restorative behaviors. Of these three possible mechanisms only the first one has received research attention. Thus, the goal of the current study was to extend research in two ways. First, we investigated the effects of rejection on health-related behaviors (pathway 2) and restorative behaviors (pathway 3). Second, we investigated the role of self-esteem in shaping health-related behaviors and restorative behaviors following rejection. Why might rejection influence health-related behaviors? A small number of laboratory studies have shown that rejection reduces self-regulatory ability Rejection may also impact health by affecting restorative behaviors, such as sleep. Although the association between rejection and sleep quality has not been explored there is evidence that other experiences that signify social devaluation, such as perceptions of social isolation and loneliness, are associated with poor sleep quality Self-esteem as a Moderator of Responses to Rejection Although rejection is normatively distressing, not everyone responds to it in the same way. There are important individual differences in sensitivity to subtle or ambiguous rejection cues, which are prevalent in everyday life. Some individuals have a lower threshold for appraising rejection cues as threatening to the self and are therefore more reactive to rejection. One variable that seems to play an important role in shaping reactivity to rejection is self-esteem. Specifically, individuals with low selfesteem (LSE) are more likely to see rejection as evidence of a flawed self Research findings are beginning to suggest that the response patterns exhibited by LSE individuals following rejection may make them vulnerable to both decrements in emotional well-being and poor health. For example, a recent longitudinal study of college students revealed that LSE was associated with poor health outcomes and that the association between LSE and poor health was mediated by interpersonal stressors The Present Study The current investigation had two main goals: (1) to examine the relationship between daily rejection and health and well-being; and (2) to examine the moderating role of SE on this relationship. To accomplish these goals we utilized a daily diary methodology in which participants answered questions about daily rejection, psychological well-being/resources (depressed mood, perceived stress, perceived ability to self-regulate behaviors), daily health-related responses (overeating, unsafe sex, substance use), and daily health outcomes (sleep quality, physical symptoms, and general feelings of health) each evening for two weeks. This methodology enabled us to conduct both within-person and between-person analyses. At the within-person level, we examined the normative effects of rejection on health by comparing participant's levels of health and well-being on their high rejection days versus their low rejection days. We predicted that rejection would be associated with decrements in psychological well-being, health behaviors, and health outcomes. At the between-person level, we examined SE differences in reactivity to rejection. We Self-esteem, Daily rejection, and Health 1

Innovative Data Collection Strategies in Qualitative Research

This article provides an innovative meta-framework comprising strategies designed to guide qualitative data collection in the 21st century. We present a meta-framework comprising strategies for collecting data from interviews, focus groups, observations, and documents/material culture. We present a template for collecting nonverbal data during interviews and discuss the concept of debriefing the interviewer. We identify types of data that can be collected in focus groups in addition to the actual statements made by the participants and provide templates for categorizing these data. Also, we outline the role that social networking websites can play in focus group interviews. Further, we provide models for observations that include photographs and videos. Finally, we outline ways of accessing and collating documents/material culture that can be used for document analyses