ESM3 Bleaching "O. faveolata" transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 3. Fasta file containing 178943 contigs that constitute the ‘Orbicella faveolata’ transcriptome

ESM5 Bleaching "Other-eukaryotes" transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 5. Fasta file containing 202236 contigs that constitute the ‘other-eukaryotes’ transcriptome

ESM6 Annotations metatranscriptome

Electronic supplementary material 6. Blast results for all genes found in the Orbicella faveolata metatranscriptome

ESM2 Bleaching metatranscriptome transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 2. Fasta file containing 442294 contigs of the assembled Orbicella faveolata metatranscriptome

ESM7 Annotations of 1368 coral genes with different expression levels

Electronic supplementary material 7. List of 1368 genes from the ‘Orbicella faveolata’ transcriptome with significant differences in expression levels. Of the 1368 genes, 729 were annotated

ESM1 Symbiodinium genomic data

Electronic supplementary material 1. Fasta file containing the Symbiodinium genomic data used to filter the Orbicella faveolata metatranscriptome. This file includes contigs from Symbiodinium types A, A3, B1 and C1. For further details on the A3 and C1 data contact Dr. Todd C. LaJeunesse at The Pennsylvania State University

ESM4 Bleaching "Symbiodinium spp." transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 4. Fasta file containing 130217 contigs that constitute the ‘Symbiodinium spp.’ transcriptome

Up in Arms: Immune and Nervous System Response to Sea Star Wasting Disease

<div><p>Echinoderms, positioned taxonomically at the base of deuterostomes, provide an important system for the study of the evolution of the immune system. However, there is little known about the cellular components and genes associated with echinoderm immunity. The 2013–2014 sea star wasting disease outbreak is an emergent, rapidly spreading disease, which has led to large population declines of asteroids in the North American Pacific. While evidence suggests that the signs of this disease, twisting arms and lesions, may be attributed to a viral infection, the host response to infection is still poorly understood. In order to examine transcriptional responses of the sea star <i>Pycnopodia helianthoides</i> to sea star wasting disease, we injected a viral sized fraction (0.2 μm) homogenate prepared from symptomatic <i>P</i>. <i>helianthoides</i> into apparently healthy stars. Nine days following injection, when all stars were displaying signs of the disease, specimens were sacrificed and coelomocytes were extracted for RNA-seq analyses. A number of immune genes, including those involved in Toll signaling pathways, complement cascade, melanization response, and arachidonic acid metabolism, were differentially expressed. Furthermore, genes involved in nervous system processes and tissue remodeling were also differentially expressed, pointing to transcriptional changes underlying the signs of sea star wasting disease. The genomic resources presented here not only increase understanding of host response to sea star wasting disease, but also provide greater insight into the mechanisms underlying immune function in echinoderms.</p></div

Immune related pathways heatmaps.

<p>Heatmaps of immune-related differentially expressed transcripts between control and treated sea stars. Heatmaps are subdivided by related pathway (a) Arachidonic acid metabolism (b) Complement cascade (c) Toll-mediated pathways. Increased expression is shown in red and decreased expression is shown in blue.</p

Immune related pathways heatmaps.

<p>Heatmaps of immune-related differentially expressed transcripts between control and treated sea stars. Heatmaps are subdivided by related pathway (a) Arachidonic acid metabolism (b) Complement cascade (c) Toll-mediated pathways. Increased expression is shown in red and decreased expression is shown in blue.</p