792 research outputs found
The effect of laser power, traverse velocity and spot size on the peel resistance of a polypropylene/adhesive bond
Abstract
The mean peel resistance force achieved with respect to variation in the laser power, incident
spot traverse velocity and incident spot diameter between linear low density polyethylene
film backed by a thin commercial adhesive coating that were bonded to a polypropylene
substrate via thermal activation provided by a 27W CO
2 laser is discussed in this work.
The results gathered for this work have been used to generate a novel empirical tool that
predicts the CO
2 laser power required to achieve a viable adhesive bond for this material
combination. This predictive tool will enable the packaging industry to achieve markedly
increased financial yield, process efficiency, reduced material waste and process flexibility.
A laser spot size dependent linear increase in laser line energy was necessary for this material
combination, suggesting the minimal impact of thermal strain rate. Moreover a high level of
repeatability around this threshold laser line energy was indicated, suggesting that laser
activated adhesive bonding of such polymer films is viable.
The adhesion between the material combination trialled here responded linearly to thermal
load. In particular, when using the smallest diameter laser spot, it is proposed that the
resulting high irradiance caused film or adhesive material damage; thus, resulting in reduced
peel resistance force.
The experimental work conducted indicated that the processing window of an incident CO
2
laser spot increases with respect to spot diameter, simultaneously yielding greater bond
stability in the face of short-term laser variance
Data Resource Profile: The Virtual Cardio-Oncology Research Initiative (VICORI) linking national English cancer registration and cardiovascular audits
Background:
Cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Improvements in treatment strategies for both CVD and cancer have resulted in significant improvements in survival and, as a result, there is an increasing population of patients who now live with both conditions.1â3 It is well known that cancer and its treatment increase the risk of CVD.4â6 Yet a detailed understanding of the underlying relationship between these two conditions and their respective treatments, including both positive and negative modulation of risk, is lacking. This is partly because few cohorts have been large enough to conduct detailed investigations. To address this, the Virtual Cardio-Oncology Research Initiative (VICORI) has linked national cardiac and cancer registries to create a resource of a larger scale and with longer follow-up than typical investigator-led studies
Case-ascertainment of acute myocardial infarction hospitalizations in cancer patients: A cohort study using English linked electronic health data
Aims: To assess the recording and accuracy of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) hospital admissions between two electronic health record databases within an English cancer population over time and understand the factors that affect case-ascertainment. Methods and results: We identified 112 502 hospital admissions for AMI in England 2010-2017 from the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) disease registry and hospital episode statistics (HES) for 95 509 patients with a previous cancer diagnosis up to 15 years prior to admission. Cancer diagnoses were identified from the National Cancer Registration Dataset (NCRD). We calculated the percentage of AMI admissions captured by each source and examined patient characteristics associated with source of ascertainment. Survival analysis assessed whether differences in survival between case-ascertainment sources could be explained by patient characteristics. A total of 57 265 (50.9%) AMI admissions in patients with a prior diagnosis of cancer were captured in both MINAP and HES. Patients captured in both sources were younger, more likely to have ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and had better prognosis, with lower mortality rates up to 9 years after AMI admission compared with patients captured in only one source. The percentage of admissions captured in both data sources improved over time. Cancer characteristics (site, stage, and grade) had little effect on how AMI was captured. Conclusion: MINAP and HES define different populations of patients with AMI. However, cancer characteristics do not substantially impact on case-ascertainment. These findings support a strategy of using multiple linked data sources for observational cardio-oncological research into AMI
Impact of a Prior Cancer Diagnosis on Quality of Care and Survival Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study in England
BACKGROUND:
An increasing proportion of patients with cancer experience acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We investigated differences in quality of AMI care and survival between patients with and without previous cancer diagnoses.
METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study using Virtual Cardio-Oncology Research Initiative data. Patients aged 40+ years hospitalized in England with AMI between January 2010 and March 2018 were assessed, ascertaining previous cancers diagnosed within 15 years. Multivariable regression was used to assess effects of cancer diagnosis, time, stage, and site on international quality indicators and mortality.
RESULTS:
Of 512â388 patients with AMI (mean age, 69.3 years; 33.5% women), 42â187 (8.2%) had previous cancers. Patients with cancer had significantly lower use of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (mean percentage point decrease [mppd], 2.6% [95% CI, 1.8â3.4]) and lower overall composite care (mppd, 1.2% [95% CI, 0.9â1.6]). Poorer quality indicator attainment was observed in patients with cancer diagnosed in the last year (mppd, 1.4% [95% CI, 1.8â1.0]), with later stage disease (mppd, 2.5% [95% CI, 3.3â1.4]), and with lung cancer (mppd, 2.2% [95% CI, 3.0â1.3]). Twelve-month all-cause survival was 90.5% in noncancer controls and 86.3% in adjusted counterfactual controls. Differences in post-AMI survival were driven by cancer-related deaths. Modeling improving quality indicator attainment to noncancer patient levels showed modest 12-month survival benefits (lung cancer, 0.6%; other cancers, 0.3%).
CONCLUSIONS:
Measures of quality of AMI care are poorer in patients with cancer, with lower use of secondary prevention medications. Findings are primarily driven by differences in age and comorbidities between cancer and noncancer populations and attenuated after adjustment. The largest impact was observed in recent cancer diagnoses (<1 year) and lung cancer. Further investigation will determine whether differences reflect appropriate management according to cancer prognosis or whether opportunities to improve AMI outcomes in patients with cancer exist
A regional Bayesian POT model for flood frequency analysis
Flood frequency analysis is usually based on the fitting of an extreme value
distribution to the local streamflow series. However, when the local data
series is short, frequency analysis results become unreliable. Regional
frequency analysis is a convenient way to reduce the estimation uncertainty. In
this work, we propose a regional Bayesian model for short record length sites.
This model is less restrictive than the index flood model while preserving the
formalism of "homogeneous regions". The performance of the proposed model is
assessed on a set of gauging stations in France. The accuracy of quantile
estimates as a function of the degree of homogeneity of the pooling group is
also analysed. The results indicate that the regional Bayesian model
outperforms the index flood model and local estimators. Furthermore, it seems
that working with relatively large and homogeneous regions may lead to more
accurate results than working with smaller and highly homogeneous regions
Novel dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN3]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II) coordination compounds of seven transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd)
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. The synthesis, characterization, DFT and, in two cases, the structure of seven novel dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN3]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II) coordination compounds ([M(L2)2Cl2]), containing transition metals of groups 7â12, are described. Both experimentally measured magnetic moment and DFT calculations showed that d5Mn(II) (with ”eff= 5.62 B.M., S = 5/2), d6Fe(II) (with ”eff= 5.26 B.M., S = 2), d7Co(II) (with ”eff= 3.98 B.M., S = 3/2), d8Ni(II) (with ”eff= 3.00 B.M., S = 1) and d9Cu(II) (with ”eff= 1.70 B.M., S = Âœ) are all paramagnetic, while d10Zn(II) and Cd(II) are diamagnetic with S = 0. DFT calculations on the possible isomers of these coordination compounds, showed that the cisâcisâtrans and the transâtransâtrans isomers, with the pyridyl groups trans to each other, are the lowest in energy. The transâtransâtrans isomers were experimentally characterized by X-ray crystallography for [Ni(L2)2Cl2] and [Zn(L2)2Cl2]·L2in this study. In the solid state the coordination compounds are connected by intermolecular hydrogen bonds, mainly involving the chloride atoms, to form 3D supramolecular structures. Computational chemistry calculations, using Natural Bonding Orbital calculations, identified these inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, CâHâŻCl, by a donorâacceptor interaction from a filled lone pair NBO on Cl to an empty antibonding NBO on (CâH). The inter-molecular hydrogen bonds were also identified by QTAIM determined bonding paths between Cl and the respective hydrogen. The theoretically calculated computational chemistry results thus give an understanding on a molecular level why in the solid state where inter-molecular forces and packing play a role, the transâtransâtrans isomers are mostly obtained
Synthesis, characterization, experimental and theoretical structure of novel Dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN3]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II) compounds, metal = Mn, Co and Ni
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. The syntheses, characterizations and structures of three novel dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN 3 ]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II), [M(L) 2 Cl 2 ], complexes (metal = Mn, Co and Ni) are presented. In the solid state the molecules are arranged in infinite hydrogen-bonded 3D supramolecular structures, further stabilized by weak intermolecular ÏâŠÏ interactions. The DFT results for all the different spin states and isomers of dichloro(bis{2-[1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN 3 ]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II) complexes, [M(L 1 ) 2 Cl 2 ], support experimental measurements, namely that (i) d 5 [Mn(L 1 ) 2 Cl 2 ] is high spin with S = 5/2; (ii) d 7 [Co(L 1 ) 2 Cl 2 ] has a spin state of S = 3/2, (iii) d 8 [Ni(L 1 ) 2 Cl 2 ] has a spin state of S = 1; and (iv) for all [M(L 1 ) 2 Cl 2 ] and [M(L) 2 Cl 2 ] comple xes, with M = Mn, Co and Ni, the cis-cis-trans and the trans-trans-trans isomers, with the pyridyl groups trans to each other, have the lowest energy
Chemical and structural data of (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine-containing coordination compounds
The data presented in this paper are related to the research article entitled âNovel dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN3]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II) coordination compounds of seven transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd)â (Conradie et al., 2018) [1]. This paper presents characterization and structural data of the 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine ligand (L2) (Tawfiq et al., 2014) [2] as well as seven dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-ÎșN3]pyridine-ÎșN})metal(II) coordination compounds, [M(L2)2Cl2], all containing the same ligand but coordinated to different metal ions. The data illustrate the shift in IR, UV/VIS, and NMR (for diamagnetic complexes) peaks when L is coordinated to the metals, as well as the influence of the different metals on the peak positions. Solid state structural data is presented for M = Ni and Zn, while density functional theory calculated energies, structures and optimized coordinates are provided for the lowest energy cis and trans conformations for L2 as well as [M(L2)2Cl2] with M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd
Acute heart failure presentation, management, and outcomes in cancer patients: a national longitudinal study
AIMS:
Currently, little evidence exists on survival and quality of care in cancer patients presenting with acute heart failure (HF). The aim of the study is to investigate the presentation and outcomes of hospital admission with acute HF in a national cohort of patients with prior cancer.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
This retrospective, population-based cohort study identified 221 953 patients admitted to a hospital in England for HF during 2012â2018 (12 867 with a breast, prostate, colorectal, or lung cancer diagnosis in the previous 10 years). We examined the impact of cancer on (i) HF presentation and in-hospital mortality, (ii) place of care, (iii) HF medication prescribing, and (iv) post-discharge survival, using propensity score weighting and model-based adjustment. Heart failure presentation was similar between cancer and non-cancer patients. A lower percentage of patients with prior cancer were cared for in a cardiology ward [â2.4% age point difference (ppd) (95% CI â3.3, â1.6)] or were prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor antagonists (ACEi/ARB) for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [â2.1 ppd (â3.3, â0.9)] than non-cancer patients. Survival after HF discharge was poor with median survival of 1.6 years in prior cancer and 2.6 years in non-cancer patients. Mortality in prior cancer patients was driven primarily by non-cancer causes (68% of post-discharge deaths).
CONCLUSION:
Survival in prior cancer patients presenting with acute HF was poor, with a significant proportion due to non-cancer causes of death. Despite this, cardiologists were less likely to manage cancer patients with HF. Cancer patients who develop HF were less likely to be prescribed guideline-based HF medications compared with non-cancer patients. This was particularly driven by patients with a poorer cancer prognosis
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