3,050 research outputs found
Educating Lawyers: Preparation for the Profession of Law
Examines the unique aspects and limitations of legal education, as part of a series of reports from the foundation's Preparation for the Professions Program
Comparative analyses of discourse in specialized STEM school classes
The authors detail the discourse patterns observed within mathematics and science classes at specialized STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) high schools. Analyses reveal that teachers in mathematics classes tended to engage their students in authoritative discourse while teachers in science classes tended to engage students in dialogic discourse. The authors examined variations in the type of discourse in relationship to the discipline being taught, the educational level of the teacher, and course requirements were also explored
Identifying metabolites from protein identifiers with P2M
The identification of metabolites from complex biological samples often
involves matching experimental mass spectrometry data to signatures of
compounds derived from massive chemical databases. However, misidentifications
may result due to the complexity of potential chemical space that leads to
databases containing compounds with nearly identical structures. Prior
knowledge of compounds that may be enzymatically consumed or produced by an
organism can help reduce misidentifications by restricting initial database
searching to compounds that are likely to be present in a biological system.
While databases such as UniProt allow for the identification of small molecules
that may be consumed or generated by enzymes encoded in an organism's genome,
currently no tool exists for identifying SMILES strings of metabolites
associated with protein identifiers and expanding R-containing substructures to
fully defined, biologically relevant chemical structures. Here we present
Proteome2Metabolome (P2M), a tool that performs these tasks using external
database querying behind a simple command line interface. Beyond mass
spectrometry based applications, P2M can be generally used to identify
biologically relevant chemical structures likely to be observed in a biological
system
Progress toward the production of transgenic grapevines by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
Grape possesses the basic prerequisites for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation it is a host for Agrobacterium and plant regeneration can be induced from cultured grape explants. Leaf explants were cocultivated with disarmed Agrobacterium vectors carrying kanamycin resistance and GUS genes and cultured on shoot-inducing medium containing kanamycin. After 21 d, intense and sharply-defined blue regions were observed, including some blue organized meristematic structures, consistent with plant-driven GUS gene expression. No GUS activity was detected in control explants. Among single leaf tips excised from over 200 regenerated shoots, one was GUS positive. The recovery of transgenic shoots might be improved by increasing the frequency or modifying the site of transformation and/or regeneration
Prevalence and Predictors of Household Food Insecurity among Adult/Youth Dyads at the Initiation of the iCook 4-H Two-Year Obesity Prevention Study
Objective: Determine food insecurity prevalence and predictors among adult/youth dyads enrolled in a childhood obesity prevention study (iCook 4-H).Methods: The iCook 4-H intervention was designed for youth (9-10 years old) and their adult main meals preparer to cook, eat, and play together. Although not an inclusion criteria, diverse, low income, and/or rural families were the target during recruitment. At baseline, adults completed surveys on food insecurity, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and youth anthropometrics were collected with body mass index (BMI) calculated. Descriptive statistics were computed and chi-square analysis was conducted to test differences between potential predictors and food insecurity. Binomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between food insecurity and its predictors.Results: Thirty-four percent of households (n=71 of 206) were food insecure. Youth were primarily white (69.9%) and normal weight (58.3%). Adults were also primarily white (74.8%), overweight or obese (67.9%), married (68.9%), not participating in government assistance programs (57.8%), and held no college degree (55.3%). Based on the logistic regression model, households with a non-white youth (OR=13.53; 95% CI=3.33, 55.05), an adult without a college degree (OR=5.62; 95% CI=2.01, 15.73), and government assistance program participation (OR=5.63; 95% CI=2.63, 12.07) were significantly associated with household food insecurity. However, there was no significant association with BMI found (youth p=0.167; adult p=0.179).Conclusion: Consistent with previous findings, household food insecurity status was associated with youth race, adult education, and government assistance program participation. In contrast, no relationship between BMI and food insecurity status was observed in this study, which warrants further investigation
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