Indirect Detection Constraints on the Model Space of Dark Matter Effective Theories

Using limits on photon flux from Dwarf Spheroidal galaxies, we place bounds on the parameter space of models in which Dark Matter annihilates into multiple final state particle pair channels. We derive constraints on effective operator models with Dark Matter couplings to third generation fermions and to pairs of Standard Model vector bosons. We present limits in various slices of model parameter space along with estimations of the region of maximal validity of the effective operator approach for indirect detection. We visualize our bounds for models with multiple final state annihilations by projecting parameter space constraints onto triangles, a technique familiar from collider physics; and we compare our bounds to collider limits on equivalent models.Comment: 14 pages and 14 figure

Communications Biophysics

Contains reports on seven research projects split into three sections.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 PO1 NS13126)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 RO1 NS18682)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 NS07047)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-16861)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 F33 NS07202-01)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS10916)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS12846)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 RO1 NS16917)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 RO1 NS14092-05)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS 77 21751)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 R01 NS11080)National Institutes of Health (Grant GM-21189

Communications Biophysics

Contains reports on nine research projects split into four sections.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 P01 NS13126)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 K04 NS00113)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 NS07047)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 ROl NS11153-03)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 T32 NS07099-01)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-16861)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 ROl NS10916)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 ROl NS12846)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-21751)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 RO1 NS14092)Health Sciences FundNational Institutes of Health (Grant 2 R01 NS11680)National Institutes of Health (Grant 2 RO1 NS11080)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 GM07301

Communications Biophysics

Contains reports on eight research projects split into four sections.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 P01 NS13126)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 K04 NS00113)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 NS07047)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS80-06369)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 ROl NS11153)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F32 NS06544)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-16861)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 R01 NS10916)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS12846)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-21751)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 R01 NS14092)National Institutes of Health (Grant 2 R01 NS11680)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 ROl1 NS11080)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 GM07301

Novel activity of eukaryotic translocase, eEF2: dissociation of the 80S ribosome into subunits with ATP but not with GTP

Ribosomes must dissociate into subunits in order to begin protein biosynthesis. The enzymes that catalyze this fundamental process in eukaryotes remained unknown. Here, we demonstrate that eukaryotic translocase, eEF2, which catalyzes peptide elongation in the presence of GTP, dissociates yeast 80S ribosomes into subunits in the presence of ATP but not GTP or other nucleoside triphosphates. Dissociation was detected by light scattering or ultracentrifugation after the split subunits were stabilized. ATP was hydrolyzed during the eEF2-dependent dissociation, while a non-hydrolyzable analog of ATP was inactive in ribosome splitting by eEF2. GTP inhibited not only ATP hydrolysis but also dissociation. Sordarin, a fungal eEF2 inhibitor, averted the splitting but stimulated ATP hydrolysis. Another elongation inhibitor, cycloheximide, also prevented eEF2/ATP-dependent splitting, while the inhibitory effect of fusidic acid on the splitting was nominal. Upon dissociation of the 80S ribosome, eEF2 was found on the subunits. We propose that the dissociation activity of eEF2/ATP plays a role in mobilizing 80S ribosomes for protein synthesis during the shift up of physiological conditions

The pharmacokinetics of penicillamine in a female mongrel dog

The pharmacokinetic parameters of D-penicillamine were investigated by administering four intravenous bolus doses, four oral doses, and six constant rate intravenous infusions to a female mongrel dog at dosages comparable to 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg in man. The pharmacokinetics of D-penicillamine demonstrated nonlinearity in the dog. There was more than proportional increase in the area under the whole blood concentration curve for an increase in the bolus intravenous dose. The steady state whole blood, plasma, and packed cell levels of penicillamine were increased more than proportionately for an increase in the intravenous infusion rate. Total body clearance of penicillamine was decreased by increasing the dose or the infusion rate of penicillamine. Correspondingly, the estimated half-life of unchanged penicillamine in the whole blood was decreased for increased intravenous bolus doses. The renal clearance of penicillamine was nonlinear, decreasing with time during the bolus experiments and increasing at higher infusion rates. The nonrenal clearance was decreased at higher infusion rates, suggesting that a saturable nonrenal elimination process exists for penicillamine in the dog. The nonlinearities that were observed in the dog, if also present in man, may be responsible in part for the dose related side effects reported clinically for penicillamine .Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45080/1/10928_2005_Article_BF01061028.pd